2,647 research outputs found
Existe una ética médica en Georges Canguilhem
No full textDespite recent efforts, little research has been done concerning the issue of medical ethics in Georges Canguilhem’s work. This is mainly due to the critical position the author takes regarding the humanistic medicine practices that began to [email protected]
Existe una ética médica en Georges Canguilhem
No full textDespite recent efforts, little research has been done concerning the issue of medical ethics in Georges Canguilhem’s work. This is mainly due to the critical position the author takes regarding the humanistic medicine practices that began to [email protected]
A new polycrystalline plasticity model to improve ratchetting strain prediction
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, a polycrystalline plasticity model is proposed with a new scale transition rule from the macroscopic level to the grain level. The proposed constitutive model intended to improve ratchetting behavior is presented within a thermodynamic framework. Material parameter estimates are obtained through an identification study, where the error is minimized by simultaneous comparison with (i) an aggregate model computed by the FE (finite element) technique and (ii) experimental data taken from the literature. Noticeable improvements for describing experimental ratchetting tests are obtained compared to the β-rule of the Pilvin Cailletaud model [Cailletaud, G., Pilvin, P., 1994. Utilisation de modèles polycristallins pour le calcul par éléments finis. Rev. Eur. Eléments Finis 3, 515–541]
Crystal plasticity in fatigue
No full textInternational audienceFatigue crack initiation in metallic alloys generally occurs at the surface of the material. The process is then linked with intrusion-extrusion phenomena produced by slip planes, this is why the purpose of most of the numerical studies at a microscale deal with crystallographic aspects. The question is to know in what extent stress and strain fields differ at the surface and in the bulk, how they are affected by grain size, or grain shape. The effect of grain clusters is also critical, since the local stress state can be influenced by the neighboring grains. Nevertheless, free surface effect depends also on the local geometry, and roughness comes into play, by introducing local stress concentrations that can be more critical than crystallographic effects. This presentation will provide a synthetic view on several studies that have characterized the local stress and strain fields in metallic polycrystals. The main results are the following: - It has been shown that the primary crystallographic orientation of a grain remains the most critical parameter for the evaluation of local fields, but there is a non negligible influence of the relative grain size and the shape of the surface grain: a “full”, or “closed” grain in a polycrystal behaves like an isolated grain, meanwhile an “open” grain, cut by the surface, will take its state from the surrounding grains [1]. - A new indicator characterizing intrusion/extrusion steps gives information on the initiation sites, and is compared with in-situ test results [2]. - The hydrostatic pressure is an interesting indicator in polycrystal aggregate computations. - A full characterization of the local 3D fields allows us to exhibit the local patterns inside a material element, and to characterize the heterogeneity. The analysis involves surface maps and transparent volumetric views. - The roughness effect is predominant in the first layer of surface grains even if the asperities are small with respect to grain size. A study of the competition between crystallographic influence and roughness effect is quantified by means of a new parameter. The way this parameter decreases gradually under the surface is shown [3]. References: [1] Y. Guilhem, S. Basseville, F. Curtit, J.-M. Stephan, G. Cailletaud, G., Investigation of the effect of grain clusters on fatigue crack initiation in polycrystals, Int. J. Of Fatigue, 32, 2010, pp.1748-1763. [2] Y. Guilhem, S. Basseville, F. Curtit, J.-M. Stephan, G. Cailletaud, Numerical investigations of the free surface effect in three-dimensional polycrystalline aggregates, Computational Materials Science, 70, 2013, pp.150-162. [3] Y. Guilhem, S. Basseville, H. Proudhon, G. Cailletaud, Influence of surface roughness on local mechanical fields in polycrystalline aggregates, Congrès Français de mécanique, CFM 2013, Bordeaux, France, 26-30 août 201
About this researcher blog on Georges Focus
No full textGeorges Focus, who died in 1708, was a French painter who became crazy at the end of his life. He is the author of a bit more than 130 drawings, accompanied by poems, of great technical quality, made while suffering from psychological disorders. These bizarre works are also marked by great erudition and many precise allusions to contemporary personalities and events. They are a source of micro-history for research on 17th century French society, literature and fine arts. Public domain, htt..
William Tarn, Hellenistic Civilisation. Third Edition revised by the Author and G. T. Griffith
No full textNachtergael Georges. William Tarn, Hellenistic Civilisation. Third Edition revised by the Author and G. T. Griffith. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 44, fasc. 2, 1975. p. 782
William Tarn, Hellenistic Civilisation. Third Edition revised by the Author and G. T. Griffith
No full textNachtergael Georges. William Tarn, Hellenistic Civilisation. Third Edition revised by the Author and G. T. Griffith. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 44, fasc. 2, 1975. p. 782
Generalization of the polycrystalline β-model : Finite element assessment and application to softening material behavior
No full textInternational audienceOn the basis of the polycrystalline model of Cailletaud and Pilvin [G. Cailletaud, P. Pilvin, Rev. Eur. EF 3 (1994) 515–541], a generalization of the β-scale transition rule from the macroscopic level to the grain level is developed in this paper. The new proposed model is split into several sub-models. It is shown that the classical Pilvin–Cailletaud model describes correctly the overall mechanical behavior of softening materials. However, the local mechanical behavior at the grain level is not well simulated. A polycrystalline aggregate model is then generated and computed by the finite element technique to select the most accurate sub-model in predicting both the overall stress–strain response and the local stress and strain distributions. The material parameters of each sub-model are evaluated using the results of the finite element computations at two levels: (i) the macroscopic level, using the volume average over all Gauss points and (ii) the phase scale, using the volume average over the Gauss points of the elements having the same orientation. The most accurate model is compared with experiments using available monotonic tensile data for Ti–6Al–4V. The selected model appears also to be capable of correctly evaluating the stress–strain behavior at the grain level and reducing the deviation of phase strains with regards to the mean strain
Saint-Georges, trait d’union entre Orient et Occident
No full textThe StGeorges boarding school as a link between East and West.
The StGeorges boarding school founded in 1921 in Constantinople by Jesuits in order to offer a shelter for young Russian immigrants, was moved to Namur, then Paris and finally Meudon before closing down in 1970. The author of the article, a former resident at Meudon, starts by evoking his personal memories, then he broadens the scope of his article by setting up the Jesuits’ action within the framework of an attempt at bringing together and allowing mutual recognition between Orthodox East and Catholic West that were separated since 1504.Martinowsky Georges. Saint-Georges, trait d’union entre Orient et Occident. In: Revue Russe n°50, 2018. Miscélanées. La Russie de 1869 à nos jours... pp. 179-191
Norma Coverdale, B.A.: the treatment of women in selected works of Henry de Montherlant
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to determine how women are treated in selectedworks of Henry de Montherlant. This is explored by examining their relationshipswith other women as well as with men. Inevitably, this leads to an analysis ofthe multifaceted area of love. Part I researches Montherlant's prose work and included in this section is the investigation of the importance of 'l'ordre male' to the author and the influence this exerts over his early prose work in the areas of tauromachy, war and sport, and where the male adherence to this concept leaves women. The 'syncretisme et alternance' which is central to Montherlant's thinking is explored in this section.Part 2 is concerned with Montherlant's theatre in which the psychological development of the main characters is of great importance. It is in this section that a comparative study is made of the influence of Mme. Elisabeth Zehrfuss' written contribution to La Reine morte. Her unpublished notes are set out in full in the Appendix. The thesis also draws on the unpublished correspondence between Henry de Montherlant and Elisabeth Zehrfuss between the years 1934 and 1945. An investigation is made as to whether or not there are any differences between the way women are treated in Montherlant's prose and in his theatre and the conclusion is drawn that there are
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