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Propuesta de localización de ambulancias para la atención oportuna de accidentes de tránsito en la ciudad de Cúcuta, empleando modelos de localización
No full textEste proyecto se basó en la propuesta de localización de ambulancias para la atención oportuna de accidentes de tránsito en la ciudad de Cúcuta. Para ello, se realizó una investigación tipo descriptiva de carácter mixta. La información se obtuvo mediante entrevistas aplicadas a las entidades regulatorias y sancionatorias. La población y muestra correspondió a las 16 ambulancias privadas dispuestas por el SEM para la atención de accidentes. Se logró, diagnosticar el estado actual del sistema de ubicación de las ambulancias para la atención de accidentes de tránsito. Posteriormente, se estimó la localización estratégica de ambulancias en la ciudad de Cúcuta utilizando modelos cuantitativos de localización. Finalmente, se evaluaron las localizaciones propuestas utilizando modelos cualitativos y cuantitativos para hallar la(s) ubicación(es) estratégica(s).Introducción 19
1. Problema 21
1.1 Titulo 21
1.2 Planteamiento del Problema 21
1.3 Formulación del Problema 25
1.4 Justificación 25
1.5 Objetivos 26
1.5.1 Objetivo general 26
1.5.2 Objetivos específicos 26
1.6 Alcances y Delimitaciones 27
1.6.1 Alcances 27
1.6.2 Limitaciones 27
2. Marco Referencial 28
2.1 Antecedentes 28
2.1.1 Antecedentes internacionales 28
2.1.2 Antecedentes nacionales 30
2.2 Marco Teórico 31
2.2.1 Herramientas de diagnóstico 32
2.2.1.1 Diagrama de afinidad 32
2.2.1.2 Diagrama de relaciones 32
2.2.1.3 Diagrama de Ishikawa 32
2.2.1.4 Diagrama de árbol 33
2.2.2 Centro de gravedad 33
2.2.3 Programación lineal (PL) 33
2.2.4 Sistemas de calificación de factores 36
2.3 Marco Conceptual 36
2.3.1 Accidentes de tránsito 36
2.3.2 Atención prehospitalaria 37
2.3.3 Logística 37
2.3.4 Logística urbana 37
2.3.5 Plataformas urbanas 37
2.3.6 Macro localización 37
2.3.7 Modelos matemáticos 38
2.3.8 Programación lineal 38
2.4 Marco Contextual 38
2.5 Marco Legal 40
3. Diseño Metodológico 42
3.1 Tipo de Investigación 42
3.2 Desarrollo Metodológico 43
3.3 Población y Muestra 44
3.4. Instrumentos o Técnicas para la Recolección de Información 45
3.4.1 Fuentes primarias 45
3.4.2 Fuentes secundarias 45
3.4.3 Instrumentos 45
3.5 Análisis de la Información 45
4. Desarrollo de la Propuesta 50
4.1 Diagnóstico del Estado Actual del Sistema de Atención de Accidentes y de
Accidentes de Tránsito en la Ciudad de Cúcuta 50
4.1.1 Generalidades de accidentalidad 50
4.1.1.1 Tipos de Accidentes 52
4.1.1.2 Condición de las víctimas de accidentes de tránsito 53
4.1.1.3 Género 54
4.1.1.4 Edad 55
4.1.1.5 Vehículos o medio de desplazamiento 56
4.1.1.6 Tipo de lesiones 57
4.1.1.7 Hora de los accidentes de tránsito 58
4.1.1.8 Día de ocurrencia de los accidentes de tránsito 59
4.1.1.9 Zonas con mayor índice de accidentalidad en la ciudad 61
4.1.2 Proceso logístico de atención de los SEM para accidentes de tránsito 62
4.1.2.1 Sistemas de emergencias médicas 67
4.1.3 Diagnóstico de la situación actual 68
4.2 Método de Localización para la Generación de Estaciones 73
4.2.1 Centro de gravedad general en la ciudad 73
4.2.2 Centros de gravedad de los escenarios propuestos 76
4.2.2.1 Centro de gravedad por cuadrantes 76
4.2.2.2 Centro de gravedad por subcuadrantes cartesianos 78
4.2.3 Microlocalización 79
4.2.3.1 Generación de alternativas de decisión 80
4.2.3.2 Modelo de calificación por factores 82
4.3 Estimación del Planteamiento de la Propuesta 86
4.3.1 Estadístico de prueba t-Student 87
4.3.2 Prueba de asignación de siniestros del subcuadrante CG3-1 (zona del terminal) 90
4.3.3 Formulación del modelo matemático 91
4.3.3.1 Definición de las variables de decisión 92
4.3.3.2 Función objetivo 93
4.3.3.3 Definición de las restricciones 93
4.3.3.4 Propuesta 1 94
4.3.3.5 Propuesta 2 97
4.3.3.6 Propuesta 3 101
4.3.3.7 Propuesta 4 104
5. Conclusiones 107
6. Recomendaciones 111
Referencias Bibliográficas 113
Anexos 117PregradoIngeniero(a) Industria
Seleção de hospitais em sistemas de serviços médicos de emergência: uma revisão da literatura
No full textEmergency medical service (EMS) systems play a fundamental role in society by providing a vital service in initial
emergency care. The purpose of this research is to present the first literature review of hospital selection operational
decision within the context of the EMS system. The main findings were the following: The hospital selection problem
is integrated with the location, dispatch, routing, and size of the ambulance fleet. The main selection criteria were
closeness, hospital care capacities and the shortest queue or greatest number of free beds. The most used performance
measures were the shortest transport and waiting time. Solution techniques include discrete event simulation, queuing
models, mixed linear integer programming, and CPLEX and Arena software. The application of metaheuristics is
scarce; mobile applications and Internet information systems have been implemented for real-time decision making.
It is recommended that the design of hospital selection methods be implemented as well as the technological
developments, considering the participation of the actors of the EMS system.Los sistemas de servicios médicos de emergencia (SME) desempeñan una función fundamental en la sociedad al
prestar un servicio vital en la atención inicial de urgencias. La investigación presenta la primera revisión de la
literatura que estudia el problema de selección de hospital en los sistemas de SME. Los principales hallazgos fueron:
la integración de la decisión de selección del hospital con la localización y el número de ambulancias, el despacho o el
enrutamiento de las ambulancias. Los principales criterios de selección fueron la cercanía, las capacidades de atención
del hospital y la fila más corta o mayor número de camas libres. Las medidas de desempeño más usadas fueron el
menor tiempo de traslado y de espera. Las metodologías cuantitativas más aplicadas fueron la simulación de eventos
discretos, los modelos de colas y la programación lineal entera mixta y los software CPLEX y Arena. La aplicación de
metaheurísticas es escasa, se han implementado aplicaciones móviles y sistemas de información por internet para la
selección del hospital en tiempo real. Se recomienda implementar el diseño de los métodos de selección de hospitales
y los desarrollos tecnológicos, considerando la participación de los actores del sistema SME.Os sistemas de atendimento médico de emergência (AME) desempenham um papel fundamental na sociedade por
fornecer um serviço vital no atendimento inicial de emergência. O objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar a primeira
revisão da literatura sobre a decisão operacional de seleção de hospitais no contexto dos sistemas de AME. As
principais conclusões foram as seguintes: o problema de seleção do hospital está integrado à localização, envio, rota
e tamanho da frota de ambulâncias. Os principais critérios de seleção foram proximidade, capacidade de atendimento
hospitalar e menor fila ou maior número de leitos livres. As medidas de desempenho mais utilizadas foram o
menor tempo de transporte e de espera. As técnicas de solução incluem simulação de eventos discretos, modelos
de enfileiramento, programação inteira linear mista e software CPLEX e Arena. A aplicação de metaheurísticas é
escassa; aplicativos móveis e sistemas de informação da Internet foram implementados para a tomada de decisões
em tempo real. Recomenda-se que seja implementado o desenho de métodos de seleção de hospitais e também os
desenvolvimentos tecnológicos, considerando a participação dos atores do sistema AME
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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