1,720,961 research outputs found
Relationship-based Business in Changing European Financial Scenarios: The Case of Parent Schaken et Compagnie (1835-1866)
No full textIn a time when formal (impersonal) markets for credit were embryonic, the role of social relationships in raising funds for new ventures was crucial. “Investment tended to be cumulative social process” where trust and reputation played a role. Strong kinship and business ties linking partnership members were therefore critical in facilitating the flow of capital into new ventures. The way the diversified and broad-ranging businesses (railways, mines, public utilities) undertaken by the Paris-based partnership Parent Schaken et C.ie (P&S) were funded illustrates an important point about this topic. By making use of the basic tools of the Social Network Analysis, the paper shows how the P&S network of interpersonal relationships evolved and just how it mattered in facing the changing European financial scenarios when long-term investment developed and impersonal money markets took shape
Networks of power and networks of capital: evidence from a peripheral area of the first globalisation. The energy sector in Naples: from gas to electricity (1862–1919)
Full text linkAt the moment of Italian political unification, the Mezzogiorno (i.e. Southern Italy) was affected by a deep institutional change and it
entered the wave of financial market openness, attracting all forms of investments from international capital markets. Naples – after
having lost its previous role as the Bourbon kingdom’s capital city – enabled projects of large scale urban planning, beginning with basic public utilities. In this process, public and private lighting was chronologically the first area of interest – parallel with railway development planning – where international finance played a role. As evidence of the dynamics which brought this peripheral European area into the orbit of the first globalisation, this article addresses the complex business of energy supply in Naples – between 1862 and World War I – both from the point of view of its financial dynamics and the parallel evolution and organisational characteristics of the business actors involved. The Social Network Analysis (SNA) will support the reconstruction of the diversified and transnational businesses which the Neapolitan energy business was integrated in, at the same time giving evidence of both the bindings linking legally independent companies and the multiple relations between the actors involved. The transition from gas to electricity during this time marked the transition from weak to strong corporate ties according to the evolutionary trends both of technology and international financial markets
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Le reti delle industrie culturali e creative in Campania: il contributo delle politiche pubbliche
No full textFinancial and Business Relationships in Naples during the First Globalization Era (1860-1913). A Network Analysis perspective
No full textSince 1860, European business world experienced massive international capital flows moving from the
core area to peripheral countries, this way progressively realizing a process of integration, historically
known as “first globalization”. The case of Naples well exemplifies this process. Grown untidily and
completely lacking efficient services, it became a catalyst for broad-ranging investment projects. Groups
of international business and financial actors came massively to Naples over the period of the Italian
political unification, pushing such a peripheral area in the first wave of globalization. We aim to show the
changing chains of relations that these groups set up around the business opportunities, arising from the
city modernization projects: infrastructures (railways, harbour), urban public utilities (gas
enlightenment, water supply) and urban space expansion, both in the eastern area (industrial area) and
in the western one (residential quarters: Chaia, Posillipo). Naples became the hub of a complex network
of relations within a space beyond the geographical and economic borders, thus being embedded in the
wider process of the “first globalization”. The work is based on a unique and original database covering
the whole amount of enterprises and companies operating in Naples between 1808 and 1913 (source:
IFESMez). We deal with a relational approach that emphasizes both institutional, political, economic, and cultural connections between international agents and the host place. The main goal is to witness how the network of such multiple and interdependent relationships shaped during the time, how it worked and whether and how it enabled actors to continue to raise finance to foster their wide-ranging business and to cope with temporary crises
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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