116 research outputs found
The daily life experiences of obese Adolescents : a descriptive literature review
No full textBackground: With the consisting increase in global adolescent obesity rates, this phenomenon has become a major public health issue. Obesity not only affects adolescents' physical health but may also lead to psychosocial problems such as low self-esteem and social isolation.Aim: This study aims to describe the experiences of obese adolescents in their daily lives.Methods: This was a descriptive literature review; we reviewed relevant studies published between 2014 and 2024. The study designs included qualitative study. We selected relevant literature from PubMed and CINAHL databases and selected 10 articles for analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Obese adolescents have many different life experiences in terms of physiology and psychology compared to normal adolescents. This article aims to explore the contents of these life experiences, including the life experiences of obese adolescents in terms of personal health behaviors and attitudes, psychology and self-awareness, social and environmental factors, and health promotion needs.Conclusion: At present, obese adolescents have certain adverse psychological and physical experiences in their daily life. To improve the quality of life for obese adolescents, effective health intervention measures are needed. Interventions based on motivational interviewing and self-determination theory have shown some effectiveness. Future research should explore more personalized intervention programs and conduct long-term follow-up investigations
The daily life experiences of obese Adolescents : a descriptive literature review
No full textBackground: With the consisting increase in global adolescent obesity rates, this phenomenon has become a major public health issue. Obesity not only affects adolescents' physical health but may also lead to psychosocial problems such as low self-esteem and social isolation.Aim: This study aims to describe the experiences of obese adolescents in their daily lives.Methods: This was a descriptive literature review; we reviewed relevant studies published between 2014 and 2024. The study designs included qualitative study. We selected relevant literature from PubMed and CINAHL databases and selected 10 articles for analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Obese adolescents have many different life experiences in terms of physiology and psychology compared to normal adolescents. This article aims to explore the contents of these life experiences, including the life experiences of obese adolescents in terms of personal health behaviors and attitudes, psychology and self-awareness, social and environmental factors, and health promotion needs.Conclusion: At present, obese adolescents have certain adverse psychological and physical experiences in their daily life. To improve the quality of life for obese adolescents, effective health intervention measures are needed. Interventions based on motivational interviewing and self-determination theory have shown some effectiveness. Future research should explore more personalized intervention programs and conduct long-term follow-up investigations
Effects of water quality on the hatching of rapa whelk (<em>Rapana venosa</em>) eggs and larvae
No full textTo detect the effects of water quality factors on the hatching of Rapana venosa eggs, the eggs were exposed to controlled conditions with different concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite and different pH values respectively, for 60 days. The hatching rate, larval release time, and initial larvae sizes after hatching were documented and analyzed. Egg capsules had 100% mortality at pH ranges of 6.0-7.00 and 9.00-10.00, and the mortality rate was relatively low between pH of 7.50-8.50. With an increase in pH within this range, mortality decreased. Larval release times were also significantly affected by pH. Within the pH range of 7.50-8.50, the shortest larval release occurred at a pH of 8.5 and the longest at a pH of 7.5. Ammonia nitrogen had significant effects on larval body length and length to width ratio, with larval length increasing with decreasing ammonia nitrogen concentrations, whereas the ratio of length to width increased with decreasing ammonia nitrogen concentrations. Nitrite concentration had significant effects on the larval body length and ratio of length to width. In addition, pH had significant effects on larval body width and the length to width ratio. With increasing pH, larval body width decreased, whereas the ratio of length to width increased. This study explores the optimal growth conditions for the Rapana venosa, providing theoretical guidance for its industrial aquaculture and the conservation of wild resources
Surface Protection Technology for Metallic Materials in Marine Environments
No full textAs the demand for the development and utilization of marine resources continues to strengthen, the service requirements for advanced marine equipment are rapidly increasing. Surface protection technology has become an important way of solving the tribological problems of extreme operating conditions and improving the safety performance of equipment by imparting certain special properties to the surface of the material through physical, chemical or mechanical processes to enhance the ability of the material to withstand external environmental factors. Combined with the extremely complex characteristics of the marine environment, this paper describes the commonly used surface protection technologies for metal materials in the marine environment. Research on surface texture was summarized under different surface reshaping technologies, as well as processes and coating materials under different surface modification technologies. Combined with the existing research progress and development trends of marine metallic materials, the surfaces of metal materials under the marine environment protection technology foreground are prospected and provide a reference for the improvement of equipment performance in extreme marine environments
Enhanced Self-supervised Learning for Multi-modality MRI Segmentation and Classification: A Novel Approach Avoiding Model Collapse
No full textMulti-modality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide complementary
information for computer-aided diagnosis. Traditional deep learning algorithms
are suitable for identifying specific anatomical structures segmenting lesions
and classifying diseases with magnetic resonance images. However, manual labels
are limited due to high expense, which hinders further improvement of model
accuracy. Self-supervised learning (SSL) can effectively learn feature
representations from unlabeled data by pre-training and is demonstrated to be
effective in natural image analysis. Most SSL methods ignore the similarity of
multi-modality MRI, leading to model collapse. This limits the efficiency of
pre-training, causing low accuracy in downstream segmentation and
classification tasks. To solve this challenge, we establish and validate a
multi-modality MRI masked autoencoder consisting of hybrid mask pattern (HMP)
and pyramid barlow twin (PBT) module for SSL on multi-modality MRI analysis.
The HMP concatenates three masking steps forcing the SSL to learn the semantic
connections of multi-modality images by reconstructing the masking patches. We
have proved that the proposed HMP can avoid model collapse. The PBT module
exploits the pyramidal hierarchy of the network to construct barlow twin loss
between masked and original views, aligning the semantic representations of
image patches at different vision scales in latent space. Experiments on
BraTS2023, PI-CAI, and lung gas MRI datasets further demonstrate the
superiority of our framework over the state-of-the-art. The performance of the
segmentation and classification is substantially enhanced, supporting the
accurate detection of small lesion areas. The code is available at
https://github.com/LinxuanHan/M2-MAE
The evolutionary history and ecological adaptation of Capulus danieli (Littorinimorpha, Capulidae)
No full textCapulus danieli, a distinct member of Capulidae, with a limpet-shaped shell, exhibits a unique ecological behaviour by attaching and drilling onto the shells of scallops, distinguishing itself from other members of the gastropod class, offering a compelling case for evolutionary and ecological study. This study initially obtained the complete mitochondrial genome of C. danieli through second-generation sequencing. In addition, 25 species closely related to C. danieli were selected to establish phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods. Furthermore, a divergence time tree of Capulidae was constructed based on the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of 11 Capulidae species.The results showed that the mitochondrial genome of C. danieli is similar to most known neogastropods, confirming the first record of this species in China. The phylogenetic analysis also revealed a close evolutionary relationship between C. danieli (Family Capulidae) and Ficus subintermedia, Ficus variegata (Family Ficidae) within the Order Littorinimorpha. The divergence time estimation suggested that C. danieli diverged approximately 52.29 million years ago. The genus Capulus of mollusks exhibits morphological plasticity, adapting their form to better suit their parasitic lifestyle. This adaptability may aid in their survival and reproduction on various hosts. The adaptive changes in the shell morphology of Capulus species in response to the morphology of their host shells can be considered an example of co-evolution
Morphological Trait Correlations and Nutrient Compositions of the Japanese Moon Scallop Ylistrum japonicum in China
No full textThe Ylistrum japonicum is a scallop of commercial significance, renowned for its capacity to undertake long-distance swimming. A total of 150 individuals were collected to explore the connections between morphological traits and quality traits and to determine the nutritional components of the adductor muscle. The results showed a robust positive correlation between morphological traits and quality traits, with certain variations in the intensity of the correlation depending on gender. For both female and male individuals, the most significant factor directly influencing the quality traits was shell width, and shell length had the greatest indirect influence on the individual quality traits. The nutritional results of the adductor muscle of Y. japonicum showed that the moisture content was 80.17%, the ash content was 1.43%, the protein content was 16.93%, the fat content was 0.67%, and the carbohydrate content was 0.80%. Furthermore, a total of 17 amino acids and a total of 23 fatty acids were detected. The study’s findings contribute to the understanding of the quality traits and nutritional value of Y. japonicum, laying a basis for the development of selective breeding strategies aimed at boosting the species’ aquaculture potential
Bidirectional Propagation Properties of Partially Coherent Laguerre–Gaussian Beams in Atmospheric Turbulence and Plasma
No full textThe bidirectional propagation properties of partially coherent Laguerre–Gaussian (PCLG) beams under atmospheric turbulence and plasma were numerically investigated. The corresponding analytical formulas for the intensity distribution, effective beam width, and M2 factor of PCLG beams were derived by utilizing the generalized Collins integral formula, atmospheric turbulence theory, and second-order moments theory of the Wigner distribution function. The intensity distribution of the PCLG beams ultimately evolved into a Gaussian-like intensity distribution. Additionally, the effective beam width and M2 factor could be less affected by selecting appropriate parameter values for the beam order, transverse coherence width, and wavelength of the PCLG beam. The impact of parameters such as the beam order, transverse coherence width, and wavelength for reverse transmission on the PCLG beam propagation properties was greater than that for forward transmission. These results are beneficial for applications in free-space optical communications
Regulating Intermediate 3D Features for Vision-Centric Autonomous Driving
No full textMulti-camera perception tasks have gained significant attention in the field of autonomous driving. However, existing frameworks based on Lift-Splat-Shoot (LSS) in the multi-camera setting cannot produce suitable dense 3D features due to the projection nature and uncontrollable densification process. To resolve this problem, we propose to regulate intermediate dense 3D features with the help of volume rendering. Specifically, we employ volume rendering to process the dense 3D features to obtain corresponding 2D features (e.g., depth maps, semantic maps), which are supervised by associated labels in the training. This manner regulates the generation of dense 3D features on the feature level, providing appropriate dense and unified features for multiple perception tasks. Therefore, our approach is termed Vampire, stands for ``Volume rendering As Multi-camera Perception Intermediate feature REgulator''. Experimental results on the Occ3D and nuScenes datasets demonstrate that Vampire facilitates fine-grained and appropriate extraction of dense 3D features, and is competitive with existing SOTA methods across diverse downstream perception tasks like 3D occupancy prediction, LiDAR segmentation and 3D objection detection, while utilizing moderate GPU resources. We provide a video demonstration in the supplementary materials and Codes are available at github.com/cskkxjk/Vampire
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