169,860 research outputs found
Rational and safe dosing of phenprocoumon during loading and maintenance phase
No full textPhenprocoumon is the second most commonly used oral anticoagulant worldwide
and the most common agent in many European countries including Switzerland.
Given its long half-life of about one week, an initial loading-dose is generally applied.
A high loading-dose is helpful to rapidly reach a therapeutic concentration but may be
associated with an increased risk of bleeding if the effect overshoots.
Phenprocoumon has a narrow therapeutic range, and individual dose requirements
are highly variable. In clinical practice the initial dose-finding process for
phenprocoumon is largely empiric and often delegated to inexperienced staff
members. Thus, both a prolonged loading phase and overshooting of anticoagulation
is commonly observed.
Question under study
The general aim of the thesis was to define one or more algorithms for the loading
phase of phenprocoumon-treatment. These algorithms should be easily applicable in
a clinical setting and help to improve the drug safety of phenprocoumon especially
during the initial dose-finding process.
Retrospective study
In a retrospective study, predictors of individual dosing needs for a target-INR of 2.0
to 3.0 in medical and orthopaedic inpatients were determined. Several significant
predictors of the loading dose could be identified. Using these predictors two simple
clinical algorithms for the initial dosing of phenprocoumon in medical and orthopedic
inpatients were developed. One algorithm contains clinical data and, additionally,
serum albumin; the second algorithm contains clinical data only.
Prospective study
The aim of the prospective, randomized interventional study was to validate the efficacy and
safety of the two previously proposed dosing algorithms for the initiation of oral
anticoagulation with phenprocoumon. Additionally, the predictive value of
pharmacogenetic markers was to be studied.
Both algorithms could be validated and were slightly optimized. They proved to be
very safe and effective in hospitalized patients with a high rate of comorbidity. The
algorithm using clinical data can be especially recommended due to its simplicity of
use
Einleitung
No full textPfaff-Czarnecka J. Einleitung. In: Pfaff-Czarnecka J, Caduff C, eds. Rituale Heute: Theorien, Kontroversen, Entwürfe. Berlin: Reimer; 1999: 77-17
Supplemental Material - The Churning of Organizational Learning: A Case Study of District and School Leaders Using Social Network Analysis
No full textSupplemental Material for The Churning of Organizational Learning: A Case Study of District and School Leaders Using Social Network Analysis by Anita Caduff, Alan J. Daly, Kara S. Finnigan, and Christina C. Leal in Journal of School Leadership</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Minor Literature in and of Artistic Reserach
No full textThis contribution asks how we can situate literature’s participation in the artistic research field: is there an advantage to its ‘belatedness’? My thoughts go into three directions: institutional affordances; Marcel Duchamp’s effects; and the notion of mi nor literatures. I refer to Aby Warburg, James Joyce, Marcel Duchamp, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, Dora García, Brian O’Doherty, and others. For literature, I see the artistic research debate as an opportunity to work in and with the ‘minor’: a call for solidarity among those in the margins. Through its ‘belatedness,’ literature can avoid normative elements of the artistic research debate and graduate to describing and valuing the diversity that is being created, recouping the ‘artness’ of this work—and acting on a systemic level
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
A ±25A Versatile Shunt-Based Current Sensor with 10kHz Bandwidth and ±0.25% Gain Error from -40°C to 85°C Using 2-Current Calibration
No full textAccurate current sensing is critical in many industrial applications, such as battery management and motor control. Precise shunt-based current sensors have been reported with gain errors of less than 1% over the industrial temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) [1]–[4]. However, since they are intended for coulomb counting, their bandwidth is limited to a few tens of Hz, making them unsuitable for battery impedance or motor-current sensing. This paper presents a current sensor with a wide (10kHz) bandwidth and a tunable temperature compensation scheme (TCS), which allows it to be flexibly used with different types of shunts while maintaining high accuracy. A low-cost room-temperature calibration scheme is proposed to optimize gain flatness over temperature by exploiting the shunt's self-heating at large currents. Over the industrial temperature range and a ±25A current range, it achieves state-of-the-art gain error (±0.25%) with both low-cost PCB and stable metal-alloy shunts.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
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