1,668 research outputs found
L'impact du déficit public sur la vitesse de convergence des économies européennes
No full textThe Impact of Government Deficits on European Economic Convergence Rates by Isabelle Cadoret and Christophe Tavera
This paper is a theoretical and empirical examination of the consequences of the government deficit criterion contained in the Maastricht Treaty on economic convergence rates in Europe. We use a Solow growth model that explicitly accounts for government deficits. Theoretical analysis shows a multiplicity of equilibria, as well as bifurcation equilibria. A simulation using the model shows that application of the government deficit criterion leads to more rapid and more uniform convergence rates in European countries.Une note sur l'impact du déficit public sur la vitesse de convergence des économies européennes
par Isabelle Cadoret et Christophe Tavera
L'objectif de ce papier est d'examiner à la fois théoriquement et empiriquement les conséquences du critère de déficit public du Traité de Maastricht sur la vitesse de convergence des économies européennes. Nous retenons un modèle de croissance à la Solow dans lequel le déficit public est explicitement pris en compte. L'analyse théorique fait apparaître une multiplicité d'équilibres ainsi que des équilibres de bifurcation. Une simulation du modèle révèle que l'application du critère de déficit public aboutit à une augmentation et à une homogénéisation des vitesses de convergence des pays européens.Cadoret Isabelle, Tavera Christophe. L'impact du déficit public sur la vitesse de convergence des économies européennes. In: Économie & prévision, n°132-133, 1998-1-2. pp. 37-48
Cut-elimination, substitution and normalisation
No full textDate of Acceptance: 01/2015We present a proof (of the main parts of which there is a formal version, checked with the Isabelle proof assistant) that, for a G3-style calculus covering all of intuitionistic zero-order logic, with an associated term calculus, and with a particular strongly normalising and confluent system of cut-reduction rules, every reduction step has, as its natural deduction translation, a sequence of zero or more reduction steps (detour reductions, permutation reductions or simplifications). This complements and (we believe) clarifies earlier work by (e.g.) Zucker and Pottinger on a question raised in 1971 by Kreisel.Peer reviewe
Multiplicité des taux d'endettement d'équilibre et effets d'hystérésis.
No full textIn this article, we analyze the dynamics of the debt-income ratio when the interest rate is an increasing function of this ratio. Within such a framework, we show that the equilibrium debt-income ratios are multiple and that their dynamics can exhbit hysteresis effect. An empirical illustration permits to show how these theoretical results can be used to show that the 60 % debt-income ratio imposed by the Maastricht Treaty may be inadequate.Lorsque la dynamique du taux d'endettement est analysée à partir d'une version linéaire de la contrainte budgétaire de l'état avec taux d'intérêt exogène, le résultat standard est que la dynamique du ratio dette/PIB est stable (resp. instable) lorsque le taux d'intérêt est inférieur (resp. supérieur) au taux de croissance du PIB. Dans cet article, nous proposons de réexaminer la dynamique du taux d'endettement sous l'hypothèse que le taux d'intérêt est une fonction croissante du ratio dette/PIB. Selon la forme de cette fonction, il apparaît alors une multiplicité d'équilibres du taux d'endettement ainsi que la possibilité d'effets d'hystérésis dans la dynamique du taux d'endettement d'équilibre.Tavéra Christophe, Cadoret Isabelle, Jessua Claude. Multiplicité des taux d'endettement d'équilibre et effets d'hystérésis. In: Revue économique, volume 47, n°3, 1996. pp. 499-509
I remember teaching English at Seabrook
No full textIn this "I remember" memoir, Isabell Waugh, a former teacher at Seabrook, compares and constrasts the different groups of students she taught. She remembers that native-born American teenagers tended to be more concerned with athletics and social activities, than academic matters. In comparison, Estonian and Japanese parents did not tolerate low academic performance, so students from the two groups often competed intensely with each other for academic achievement and recognition. Isabelle recalls that the Estonians were, in general, more sophisticated and better educated. Most of the children knew 3-5 languages, and were more advanced in math and science. She sensed that some Estonian parents felt that their homes at Seabrook were temporary, and that they would be returning to Estonia at some point. The Seabrook Educational and Cultural Center has been soliciting current and past residents of Seabrook Farms for an "I remember" project. Residents are asked to create narratives regarding their experiences at Seabrook Farms. These memories help preserve the history and multi-cultural heritage of Seabrook Farms
Explaining the stringency of environmental policies: Domestic determinants or international policy coordination?
No full textInternational audienceThis paper examines how and to what extent spatial interactions among EU national governments affect the stringency of environmental policies (EP). We innovate on the literature along three dimensions: 1) we evaluate the spatial interactions across countries to assess the "interaction dividend" associated with international treaties; 2) we better examine how political and institutional variables shape EP when such interactions are taken into account; 3) we identify the type of EP for which these interactions play a more relevant role by considering for the first time the new EPS21 disaggregated indexes of policy stringency. In a sample of 21 European countries between 2000 and 2018, a benchmark model shows that, among country-specific effects, proxies for the industries' lobbying power, quality of governance, government's ideology, decentralization and the urbanization rate of voters play important roles. When the model consider spatial interactions among countries, the estimates reveal that between 1/3 and more than one-half of a country's commitment to EP can be attributed to positive spillover effects from other countries, depending on the type of policy, with more prominent effects in technology support policies. These results reinforce the need of supranational coordination through international organizations and treaties
Isabelle Bell to Susan Niemcewicz, December 23, 1800
No full textIsabelle Bell wrote to Susan U. Niemcewicz in Elizabethtown, New Jersey. Bell expressed her disappointment in not receiving a line from Susan. She sent Bell Lucretia Rephans subscription epistle, but Susan refrained from writing a letter to her. Bell did not execute any of Susan’s commissions in New York because her time there was short. Miss Resham heard that Mr. B Livingston told his sister, Mrs. J. Livingston that he would offer Bell a salary to live in his house and take charge of his children’s education. Asked if Susan what she thought of her being an author and if Susan would subscribe to a small volume that may have the good fortune to rival the poems of the immortal Scarron.https://digitalcommons.kean.edu/lhc_1800s/1143/thumbnail.jp
Interviews with Carl T. Bode, Isabelle Fritschen, Joseph H. Hirt, Mary G. Hirt, and Minnie Campbell
No full textInterviews with Carl T. Bode, Isabelle Fritschen, Joseph H. Hirt, Mary G. Hirt, and Minnie Campbell. The recording includes a variety of German-language songs. The last half of the recording is dedicated to Minnie Campbell telling about her time working for Mother Bickerdyke. The first few minutes of the recording are missing. 00:00:13 - Song, The Messenger Bird sung by Joseph H. Hirt and translated by Isabelle Fritschen 00:01:35 - Song, Birdie in the Window, sung by Mary Gertrude Hirt 00:02:59 - Story of Peter John Thielen\u27s experience in the Franco-Prussian War told by Joseph Hirt 00:05:27 - Grandfather\u27s experience with wild cattle told by Isabelle Fritschen 00:07:31 - Carl T. Bode introduction 00:08:46 - Nursery rhyme about hands 00:09:09 - The Cuckoo and the Donkey 00:09:42 - Sleep Baby Sleep 00:10:24 - Golden Evening Sun 00:11:00 - Beautiful Moon 00:12:10 - My Homeland 00:13:50 - Minnie Campbell Introduction 00:14:05 - Experiences as Mother Bickerdyke\u27s secretary 00:14:35 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s 81st birthday celebration in Bunker Hill, KS 00:19:59 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s portrait 00:23:55 - How Lydia Foster, Mother Bickerdyke\u27s Black maid came to live with her. 00:26:34 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s death 00:29:34 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s burial in Galesburg, Illinois 00:30:28 - Working for Mother Bickerdyke 00:34:01 - Going to School as a student of James Bickerdyke, Mother Bickerdyke\u27s son 00:35:26 - Decline of Bunker Hill, KS 00:37:15 - Russell stealing the county seat from Bunker Hill 00:38:09 - Closing of the Dorrance, KS bank 00:39:00 - Mother Bickerdyke\u27s personality 00:42:34 - Experience with Nina Brown Baker author of Cyclone in Calico 00:48:24 - Mother Bickerdyke Home for Widows and Children in Ellsworth, KS 00:51:13 - Post scripthttps://scholars.fhsu.edu/sackett/1014/thumbnail.jp
Formalization of Isabelle Meta Logic in NuPRL
No full textNuPRL and Isabelle are two general purpose theorem provers. Both of them are based on a version of Constructive Higher Order Type Theory. In an earlier work the author has proposed an informal semantics of Isabelle Meta Logic in an extension of NuPRL Type Theory. An automated converter, based on this semantics, has been developed, that translates Isabelle theorem statements into NuPRL. This work presents a formalization of the above semantics in NuPRL. It starts with a deep embedding of Isabelle type and term syntax into NuPRL Constructive Type Theory. Next, two internal NuPRL functions are defined. One of them maps Isabelle types into NuPRL types and the other maps Isabelle terms into elements of appropriate NuPRL types. These two functions provide an interpretation of Isabelle in NuPRL. Finally, interpretations of all Isabelle Meta Logic rules are proven as theorems in some classical extension of NuPRL Type Theory. This formalization is aimed to provide a more secure foundation for the interaction between two systems
Energy, environment and growth in the WAEMU
No full textLes pays membres de l’UEMOA (Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine) ont décidé, en 1994, de coordonner leurs actions dans les secteurs de l’environnement et de l’énergie. En s’inspirant de la théorie des Zones Monétaires Optimales (ZMO), qui fonde la formation d’une union monétaire, la thèse examine l’homogénéité des pays en terme de croissance et environnement afin d’établir si les pays de l’union doivent adopter des politiques communes. La première partie étudie la relation croissance – environnement dans des cadres statique et dynamique. Ensuite la seconde partie analyse le lien de causalité entre les variables PIB – énergie - CO2 pour chaque pays, d’une part et la symétrie des chocs entre pays d’autre part. Les résultats montrent que la relation croissance-environnement est plutôt positive et que les chocs sont asymétriques. En définitive, la thèse conclut à une forte hétérogénéité des pays de la zone et qu’il est donc plus approprié pour le moment de mettre en place une stratégie en termes d’objectifs pour la croissance et la limitation de la pollution.The member countries of the WAEMU (West African Economic and Monetary Union) decided in 1994 to coordinate their actions in the areas of environment and energy. Inspired by the theory of Optimal Monetary Area (OMA), which contemplates the formation of a monetary union, the thesis examines the homogeneity of the countries in terms of growth and environment in order to establish whether the WAEMU countries must adopt common policies. The first part examines the relationship between growth and environment in static and dynamic frameworks. Then the second part analyzes the causal relationship between the variables GDP - energy - CO2 for each country on the one hand and the symmetry of shocks between countries on the other. The results show that the growth - environment relationship is quite positive and that the shocks are asymmetric. Ultimately, the thesis concludes with a strong heterogeneity of the countries of the area and it is therefore more appropriate at this time to develop a strategy in terms of objectives for growth and limiting pollution
Security modeling and correctness proof using Specware and Isabelle
No full textSecurity modeling is the foundation to formal verification which is a core requirement for high assurance systems. This thesis explores how security models can be built in a simple and expressive manner using the Metaslang specification language in Specware. The models are subsequently translated, via the Specware to Isabelle Interface, to be proven for correctness in Isabelle which is a generic, interactive theorem proving environment. It is found that the translation between Specware and Isabelle is almost seamless and there is much potential in the use of Isabelle/HOL to discharge proof obligations that arise in developing Specware specifications, although the actual proving requires substantial knowledge and experience in logical calculus.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Outstanding ThesisSingapore ST Electronics Ltd. author (civilian).http://archive.org/details/securitymodeling10945383
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