16,709 research outputs found
Ciência Sem Fronteiras na UFSC: A Mobilidade Estudantil Em Perspectiva Sociológica
No full textTCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Curso de Ciências Sociais.O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo o Programa Ciência Sem Fronteiras – CsF – e sua implementação na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC – no campus da Trindade. O estudo tem como objetivo verificar o gerenciamento deste programa analisando como efetuam a validação de disciplinas, tradução dos históricos escolares, a seleção dos alunos, e a comunicação entre os departamentos de ensino da UFSC e Secretaria de Relações Internacionais – SINTER – com relação ao CsF. Partimos do referencial de Pierre Bourdieu para pensar o CsF como um campo em construção e analisar quais as estratégias em jogo. Esta pesquisa pretendeu descrever e avaliar a implementação deste programa através dos atores envolvidos no CsF neste campus. Com este intuito, foram realizadas dez entrevistas com os coordenadores dos cursos de graduação. A análise das entrevistas mostra que mesmo o programa CsF sendo uma oportunidade única, existe a necessidade de maior organização, principalmente interna às universidades brasileiras que enviam alunos para universidades no exterior. Os desafios citados pelos coordenadores vão desde a falta de conhecimento de quantos de seus alunos praticam ou praticaram essa mobilidade até as limitações jurídicas para o procedimento de validação, mesmo que ela não surja como questão chave
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
Eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells: a novel mathematical model predicts no therapeutic benefit of adding G-CSF to imatinib
No full textImatinib mesylate induces complete cytogenetic responses in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), yet many patients have detectable BCR-ABL transcripts in peripheral blood even after prolonged therapy. Bone marrow studies have shown that this residual disease resides within the stem cell compartment. Quiescence of leukemic stem cells has been suggested as a mechanism conferring insensitivity to imatinib, and exposure to the Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF), together with imatinib, has led to a significant reduction in leukemic stem cells in vitro. In this paper, we design a novel mathematical model of stem cell quiescence to investigate the treatment response to imatinib and G-CSF. We find that the addition of G-CSF to an imatinib treatment protocol leads to observable effects only if the majority of leukemic stem cells are quiescent; otherwise it does not modulate the leukemic cell burden. The latter scenario is in agreement with clinical findings in a pilot study administering imatinib continuously or intermittently, with or without G-CSF (GIMI trial). Furthermore, our model predicts that the addition of G-CSF leads to a higher risk of resistance since it increases the production of cycling leukemic stem cells. Although the pilot study did not include enough patients to draw any conclusion with statistical significance, there were more cases of progression in the experimental arms as compared to continuous imatinib. Our results suggest that the additional use of G-CSF may be detrimental to patients in the clinic
Differentiation and activation of functionally distinct macrophage populations by CSF-1 and GM-CSF
No full textMacrophages derived in vitro from bone marrow progenitor cells (BMDM) under the influence of CSF-1 or GM-CSF were compared for immune function. CSF-1- and GM-CSF-derived BMDM did not differ in their ability to kill L929 tumor targets or produce IL-6 and LTC\sb4 in response to IFN- and LPS. CSF-1-derived BMDM secreted more TNF- and PGE\sb2 at early stages of culture than did GM-CSF-derived BMDM and required only LPS stimulation to produce NO\sb2\sp-. In contrast, GM-CSF-derived BMDM secreted NO\sb2\sp- only following treatment with IFN- plus LPS. When P815 tumor targets were used, GM-CSF-derived BMDM displayed higher basal and inducible levels of killing than CSF-1-derived BMDM and required only LPS treatment to reach full cytolytic capacity. Additionally, GM-CSF-derived BMDM showed greater listeriacidal capacity than did CSF-1-derived BMDM, particularly following IFN- plus LPS treatment. To assess immunocompetence under conditions resembling those of inflammatory sites, BMDM function was examined following treatment with PGE\sb2 or in conditions of reduced L-arginine concentration. PGE\sb2 (10\sp{-6}-10\sp{-8} M) had no effect on BMDM ability to cytolyze L929 cells, kill intracellular Listeria, or produce NO\sb2\sp-, but GM-CSF-derived BMDM were inhibited 33% for cytolysis of K562 tumor cells. Interestingly, GM-CSF-derived BMDM were much less sensitive than CSF-1-derived BMDM for PGE\sb2, but not cAMP-mediated inhibition of TNF-. Arginine depletion blocked NO\sb2\sp- production by both BMDM populations and the listeriacidal activity induced by IFN- plus LPS was abolished.Macrophages were elicited in CB-17 and scid mice by repeated injection of GM-CSF. Following challenge with Listeria, scid mice which had been pretreated with GM-CSF showed reduced numbers of bacteria in the liver and spleens. CB-17 mice were unaffected by GM-CSF administration.When used alone, neither CSF-1 nor GM-CSF elicited TNF-, NO\sb2\sp-, or PGE\sb2 secretion. GM-CSF primed CSF-1-derived BMDM for enhanced LPS-induced TNF-, NO\sb2\sp-, and PGE\sb2 secretion, and for augmented cytolysis of P815, but not K562 tumor cells. Thus, GM-CSF elicits a macrophage population with functional signal requirements distinct from those of CSF-1-derived BMDM and is a more effective biological response modifier for macrophage function than is CSF-1.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:35:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Abstract P4-07-23: Results of a Phase 2 Trial of Combination Immunotherapy with Concurrent Nelipepimut-S + GM-CSF and Trastuzumab in High-risk HER2+ Breast Cancer Patients
No full textAbstract INTRODUCTION: The HER2-targeted peptide vaccine nelipepimut-S + GM-CSF (NeuVax) has been shown to be safe, immunogenic, and potentially synergistic with trastuzumab. Here we present the results of a randomized phase 2 trial assessing the ability of nelipepimut-S/GM-CSF versus GM-CSF alone, added to the standard adjuvant Trastuzumab, to prevent recurrences in high-risk HER2-positive breast cancer patients. METHODS: The study was a multi-center, prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blinded, phase 2 trial. Enrolled patients had high risk HER2+ breast cancer defined by the presence of residual disease post neoadjuvant therapy or by the presence of positive lymph nodes after upfront surgery. Eligible patients had completed an approved trastuzumab-chemotherapy containing regimen and they were receiving adjuvant Trastuzumab monotherapy. Enrollment was limited to patients with HLA-A2, A3, A24, and/or A26 alleles. Patients received intradermal injections of nelipepimut-S + GM-CSF or placebo + GM-CSF every three weeks for six total vaccinations with concurrent, standard monotherapy with iv trastuzumab. After completion of the primary vaccine series, booster inoculations were administered every six months for four doses. The primary outcome measure was invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) at 36 months. Secondary outcome measures were distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS), toxicity assessment, and evaluation of immune response. RESULTS: 100 patients were enrolled and randomized 1:1 to nelipepimut-S/GM-CSF or GM-CSF alone. There were no significant clinicopathologic differences between the groups. There was no difference in related local (p=0.49) or systemic toxicities (p=0.41). Kaplan-Meier estimates of iDFS at 36 months were 79% in the nelipepimut-S arm and 92% in the placebo arm (log rank, p=0.11). DRFS at 36 months was estimated to be 90% in the nelipepimut-S arm and 95% in the placebo arm (log rank, p=0.40). Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to nelipepimut-S was measured and considered positive if there was more than 5 mm induration after 48 hours. DTH response converted from negative to positive in 11% of patients in the vaccine group versus 5% of patients in the placebo group (p=0.36). In both groups, iDFS at 36 months was 100% for those with a positive DTH response post-inoculation and 88% for those with a negative DTH response post-inoculation (log rank, p=0.29). CONCLUSION: Combination immunotherapy with concurrent nelipepimut-S + GM-CSF and trastuzumab is safe, however there was no difference in iDFS or DRFS among high-risk HER2+ breast cancer patients who received nelipepimut-S + GM-CSF compared to GM-CSF alone. We observed a trend towards improved iDFS in patients with a positive DTH response to nelipepimut-S, though it was not statistically significant. Citation Format: Ankur Tiwari, Guy Clifton, Carmen Calfa, Gheath Alatrash, Jarrod Holmes, Isabelle Bedrosian, George Peoples, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf. Results of a Phase 2 Trial of Combination Immunotherapy with Concurrent Nelipepimut-S + GM-CSF and Trastuzumab in High-risk HER2+ Breast Cancer Patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-23
Ets-2 is a target for an Akt (protein kinase B)/Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway in macrophages of motheaten-viable mutant mice
No full textThe transcription factor ets-2 was phosphorylated at residue threonine 72 in a colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1)- and mitogen-activated protein kinase-independent manner in macrophages isolated from motheaten-viable (me-v) mice. The CSF-1 and ets-2 target genes coding for Bcl-x, urokinase plasminogen activator, and scavenger receptor were also expressed at high levels independent of CSF-1 addition to me-v cells. Akt (protein kinase B) was constitutively active in me-v macrophages, and an Akt immunoprecipitate catalyzed phosphorylation of ets-2 at threonine 72. The p54 isoform of c-jun N-terminal kinase-stress-activated kinase (JNK-SAPK) coimmunoprecipitated with Akt from me-v macrophages, and treatment of mc-v cells with the specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 decreased cell survival, Akt and JNK kinase activities, ets-2 phosphorylation, and Bcl-x mRNA expression. Therefore, ets-2 is a target for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-JNK action. and the JNK p54 isoform is an ets-2 kinase in macrophages. Constitutive ets-2 activity may contribute to the pathology of me-v mice by increasing expression of genes like the Bcl-x gene that promote macrophage survival
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Studies on the epidemiology of classical swine fever in the republic of Korea
No full textClassical swine fever (CSF) is a serious and highly infectious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar, which is caused by a single stranded RNA pestivirus. A study was undertaken to further understand the disease in pigs in the Republic of Korea. This study was designed to describe the history of outbreaks and risk factors for the disease in the Republic of Korea and to conduct a risk assessment for the introduction of CSF into Jeju Island, which is currently free from the disease.
The pig industry has an important role in the Republic of Korea due to the preference by Koreans for the consumption of meat from freshly killed pigs. Historical data, collected as part of active disease surveillance, were examined to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies and antigen to CSF. Only 0.03% (95% CI: 0.03 – 0.04) of samples tested from 2004 to 2010 were positive for CSF antigen. There was no significant difference in the prevalence between years. In contrast the average seroprevalence (antibody) for this period was 89.25% (95% CI: 89.20 – 89.29). The level of antibody in piglets was lower than in older pigs, most likely due to maternal antibody interference. There were no consistent differences in the prevalence from samples collected from different provinces or cities. It is suggested that these inconsistencies arose from differences in the efficacy of vaccine due to variation in the cold chain, method of vaccination and cross-reactions from other pathogens.
After the declaration that the Republic of Korea was a CSF-free country in December 2001, the disease was again reported in 2002. It was hypothesised that the disease was reintroduced through indirect means from other countries and subsequently 72 outbreaks originated from one infected breeding farm. This finding highlights the importance of biosecurity on farms. Subsequently sporadic cases of CSF have been reported and may indicate spread through wild boars.
Four major factors were identified in the risk assessment for the introduction of CSF into the free area of Jeju Island: the prevalence of CSF on the mainland; the smuggling of pork into Jeju; the heat treatment of swill; and the rate of transmission between farms.
It is concluded that CSF will only be eradicated from the Republic of Korea if there is full cooperation between the government and the livestock industry. However, the disease has the potential to reenter via pork smuggled from infected neighbouring countries or through the inadequate treatment of swill. Since the eradication of CSF is the ultimate goal of the Republic of Korea, it is recommended that material be developed to improve the education of farmers about the disease, and a cost benefit analysis is undertaken to evaluate the benefit in stopping the vaccination of pigs
MARC 21 para recursos contínuos.
No full textTradução e adaptação de MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data e MARC 21 Format for Holdings Data, da Network Development and MARC Standards Office, da Library of Congress, USA, por Angela Salles
MARC 21 para recursos contínuos
No full textTranslation and adaptation of the MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data, and MARC 21 Format for Holdings Data, Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress, USA, by Angela Salles. Rio de Janeiro, 2010. 2 v. V.1 MARC 21 format for bibliographic data (updated until October 2010). V.2 MARC 21 format for data collection (Holdings) (updated until October 2008)
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