1,720,973 research outputs found
Current perspectives in atrophic gastritis
No full textPurpose of the Review: Atrophic gastritis is a complex syndrome with gastric atrophy as a common trait. Helicobacter pylori infection and autoimmunity are the two main contexts in which it develops. It is slightly symptomatic, affects various aspects of general health, and remains a predisposing factor for gastric cancer. This review will update current knowledge and progress on atrophic gastritis. Recent Findings: Atrophic gastritis affects mostly adults with persistent dyspepsia, deficient anemia, autoimmunity disease, long-term proton pump inhibitor use, and a family history of gastric cancer. Gastric biopsies, expressed as Sydney system grade and OLGA/OLGIM classifications, represent the gold standard for diagnosis and cancer risk stage, respectively. Recently, electronic chromoendoscopy has allowed “targeted biopsies” of intestinal metaplasia. The associated hypochlorhydria affects the gastric microbiota composition suggesting that non-Helicobacter pylori microbiota may participate in the development of gastric cancer. Summary: Physicians should be aware of multifaceted clinical presentation of atrophic gastritis. It should be endoscopically monitored by targeted gastric biopsies. Autoimmune and Helicobacter pylori-induced atrophic gastritis are associated with different gastric microbial profiles playing different roles in gastric tumorigenesis
EFFECT OF SOMATOSTATIN ON NEUTRAL AMINO ACID TRANSPORT IN ISOLATED BOVINE BRAIN MICROVESSELS
No full textSingle photon computed tomography procedure improves accuracy of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in gastro-entero pancreatic tumours
No full textItal J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999 Oct;31 Suppl 2:S186-9.
Single photon emission computed tomography procedure improves accuracy of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in gastro-entero pancreatic tumours.
Schillaci O, Corleto VD, Annibale B, Scopinaro F, Delle Fave G.
SourceUniversity of L'Aquila, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
In patients with gastro-enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours the localization of all the neoplastic lesions and an accurate staging of the diseases have important therapeutic implications. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with In-111 pentatreotide has proved to be useful in detecting gastro-enteropancreatic tumours; however, the role of abdominal single photon emission computed tomography has not yet been definitively established. In a series of 52 patients with gastro-enteropancreatic tumours (9 non-functioning islet cell carcinomas, 4 insulinomas, 3 somatostatinomas, 2 VIPomas, 1 glucagonoma and 33 carcinoids) we compared somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with the results of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging performed within one month. Four and 24-hour total body planar images and 4-hour abdominal single photon emission computed tomography were acquired after the i.v. injection of approximately 250 MBq of In-111 pentatreotide. Only abdominal localizations were considered: planar scans detected 16 extrahepatic lesions in 13 patients and 54 liver sites in 21 patients; single photon emission computed tomography visualized 31 extrahepatic lesions and 89 liver metastases in 27 and 28 patients, respectively; computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging detected 11 extrahepatic lesions in 10 patients and 73 liver sites in 21 patients. In-111 pentatreotide single photon emission computed tomography was the only imaging method able to localize tumoural lesions in 13 patients; all these localizations were then histologically verified. The scintigraphic positivity did not depend on the site or on the presence of hormonal hypersecretions. In conclusion, our results indicate that single photon emission computed tomography is more sensitive than planar images and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in detecting abdominal gastro-enteropancreatic tumours and their metastases; it is able to increase both the number of visualized lesions and that of patients with positive findings. Single photon emission computed tomography is particularly useful in patients in whom tumoural lesions have not been already localized; it should be the first imaging modality in patients with gastro-enteropancreatic tumours: its initial use will result in more information and proper management.
PMID:10604127[PubMed - indexed for MEDLIN
Who comes first. rescheduling endoscopic activity after the acute phase of the Covid 19 pandemic
Full text linkThe current health emergency caused by the COVID19 pandemic
has caused an abrupt reduction in all ordinary endoscopic activities [1]. Our endoscopy unit, usually overloaded with procedures,
has reduced its activities to immediate urgencies only, as recommended by position statements of many scientific societies [2–4].
After the most critical phase of the emergency, the need to
evaluate the relative urgency of the endoscopic procedures was addressed.
In our endoscopic academic tertiary referral unit, about 300
endoscopic procedures from March 16 to May 2 were suspended.
According to local (hospital) and regional health department
indications, outpatient services have been reorganised, by remodulating time slots for procedures, controlling and filtering patients’
access to the unit and reviewing the indications for each single
endoscopic procedure programmed but not performed. Procedures
initially classified as urgent (by 48 hours, n. 77) and short (by 10
days, n. 68) were directly rescheduled and performed.
Furthermore, we decided to interview all the patients of postponed endoscopic procedures by phone calls carried out by
trainees, tutored by a senior component of the endoscopy unit.
A systematic questionnaire was developed based on the following items: demographic and clinical patient characteristics, current
conditions, gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, exam indications
and priority classes assigned by the general practitioner or other
physicians, time and results of previous endoscopic examinations,
laboratory tests, ongoing treatments. Results of the phone interview and any additional clinical documentation e-mailed by the
patient was evaluated and archived including date and time of the
interview with the patient’s informed consent. Based on the results of the reassessment, patients were rescheduled stratifing the
procedures in the following 4 priority cl
COLONIC SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS POSSESS A DIFFERENT SUBTYPE OF SOMATOSTATIN RECEPTOR THAN GASTRIC SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS.
No full textFrog skin-derived peptides against corynebacterium jeikeium: correlation between antibacterial and cytotoxic activities
Full text linkCorynebacterium jeikeium is a commensal bacterium that colonizes human skin, and it is part of the normal bacterial flora. In non-risk subjects, it can be the cause of bad body smell due to the generation of volatile odorous metabolites, especially in the wet parts of the body that this bacterium often colonizes (i.e., groin and axillary regions). Importantly, in the last few decades, there have been increasing cases of serious infections provoked by this bacterium, especially in immunocompromised or hospitalized patients who have undergone installation of prostheses or catheters. The ease in developing resistance to commonly-used antibiotics (i.e., glycopeptides) has made the search for new antimicrobial compounds of clinical importance. Here, for the first time, we characterize the antimicrobial activity of some selected frog skin-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against C. jeikeium by determining their minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) by a microdilution method. The results highlight esculentin-1b(1-18) [Esc(1-18)] and esculentin-1a(1-21) [Esc(1-21)] as the most active AMPs with MIC and MBC of 4–8 and 0.125–0.25 μM, respectively, along with a non-toxic profile after a short-and long-term (40 min and 24 h) treatment of mammalian cells. Overall, these findings indicate the high potentiality of Esc(1-18) and Esc(1-21) as (i) alternative antimicrobials against C. jeikeium infections and/or as (ii) additives in cosmetic products (creams, deodorants) to reduce the production of bad body odor
The antral mucosa as a new site for endocrine tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type-1 and Zollinger Ellison syndromes
No full textAtrophic body gastriris patients with enterochromaffin-like cell dysplasia are at increased risk for development of type I gastric carcinoid
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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