1,720,956 research outputs found
Psychopharmacological options for adult patients with anorexia nervosa
No full textThe aim of this review was to summarize evidence from research on psychopharmacological options for adult patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Database searches of MEDLINE and PsycINFO (from January 1966 to January 2014) were performed, and original articles published as full papers, brief reports, case reports, or case series were included. Forty-one papers were screened in detail, and salient characteristics of pharmacological options for AN were summarized for drug classes. The body of evidence for the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in AN was unsatisfactory, the quality of observations was questionable (eg, the majority were not blinded), and sample size was often small. More trials are needed, while considering that nonresponse and nonremission are typical of patients with AN
Valutazione del metabolismo basale e dei parametri metabolici in un campione di pazienti in trattamento con antipsicotici atipici
No full textGli antipsicotici di seconda generazione(SGA), rispetto ai tipici,non inducono effetti collaterali di tipo extrapiramidale e si sono dimostrati efficaci nel controllo dei sintomi negativi della Schizofrenia.Parallelamente alla loro crescente diffusione si è osservato un aumento della prevalenza di sovrappeso ed obesità nella popolazione psichiatrica.Inoltre gli SGA possono determinare alterazioni del profilo glucidico e lipidico.I meccanismi alla base di tali effetti collaterali sono poco conosciuti.
Lo scopo della tesi è la valutazione di BMI, circonferenza addome, glicemia a digiuno e lipemia in 34 pazienti in terapia con SGA.Inoltre si è confrontato il metabolismo basale di tali pazienti misurato con la calorimetria indiretta con quello predetto attraverso le equazioni di LARN e HARRIS-BENEDICT allo scopo di valutare se tra le cause dell'aumento di peso vi sia una riduzione della spesa energetica dell'organismo
Impulsivity and decision making in eating disorders
No full textObjective. Decision making is impaired in Eating Disorders (ED). In the current study we aimed to assess the relationship between decision making, impulsiveness and temperamental traits in a sample of patients with ED.
Method. Fifty-one patients with ED, namely 14 anorexic-restricting type patients (AN-R); 13 anorexic-binge/purge type patients (AN-BP); 14 bulimic patients (BN); 10 patients with binge Eating Disorder (BED), and 28 healthy controls (HC) were assessed using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) were used to assess temperamental traits and impulsivity. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) were administered to evaluate depressive symptomatology and integrity of executive functions.
Results. AN-R, AN-BP and BN showed poorer IGT performance than HC, while BED didn’t perform significantly different from HC. In the overall group of patients, performance was correlated with Persistence (P), Novelty Seeking (NS), BIS and ‘Fab go no go’ scores. AN-BP and BN performed similarly, and their results were correlated with P score. AN-R and BED performances were correlated respectively with ‘Fab go no go’ and NS scores. Furthermore, AN-BP and BN patients showed similar profiles both on impulsiveness and temperamental scales.
Conclusions. Our results confirm a specific deficit in decision making for AN-R, AN-BP and BN. Impaired decision making might be explained by different mechanisms in AN-R patients on one hand and AN-BP and BN patients on the other. Poor decision making in AN-R patients seems to be related to a cognitive style characterized by rigidness, scarce abilities in set shifting and attentional impulsivity. This profile seems to be confirmed by our findings with TCI and BIS such as high persistence, low reward dependence and high attentional impulsiveness. In AN-BP and BN patients poor decision making correlates with novelty seeking, attentional impulsiveness, motor impulsiveness and non planning impulsiveness. Furthermore, our study shows how AN-BP present intermediate scores between AN-R and BN regarding temperamental assessment; impulsivity and decision making strategies are very similar in AN-BN and BN.
Our study fail to highlight differences between BED and HC in decision making and impulsivity except for one of the two dimension of Novelty Seeking (NS2), that is correlated with higher temperamental impulsivity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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