1,720,961 research outputs found
Mid-trimester amniocentesis and antibiotic prophylaxis.
No full textPrenat Diagn. 2007 Oct;27(10):956-9.
Mid-trimester amniocentesis and antibiotic prophylaxis.
Gramellini D, Fieni S, Casilla G, Raboni S, Nardelli GB.
SourceDepartment of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. [email protected]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: Assuming that the rate of fetal loss after amniocentesis may be reduced in patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis, we conducted a retrospective study on untreated versus treated patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics (amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid or azithromycin) and evaluated the fetal loss rate within the 22nd week of gestation, also with respect to the risk of spontaneous abortion, both preexisting and related to mid-trimester amniocentesis.
RESULTS: Spontaneous abortion occurred in 22 cases out of 1744 (1.26%). The incidence of spontaneous abortion was 1.3% among patients treated with antibiotic prophylaxis and 1.2% among untreated patients. Between patients with risk factors that predated amniocentesis, the spontaneous fetal loss rate was 9.2% in untreated patients versus 2.3% in patients treated (p = 0.10). In patients with procedure-related risk factors at amniocentesis, the spontaneous abortion rate was, respectively, 2.2 and 1.2% (p = 0.72).
CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that antibiotic prophylaxis does not reduce the risk of spontaneous abortion within the 22nd week of gestation. Compared with untreated patients, patients treated with amoxicillin showed the lower fetal loss rate (1.16 vs 0.31%), but the difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio (OR) = 3.68, p = 0.32). The same was true for patients with preexisting risks (OR = 4.25, p = 0.10)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Diagnostic accuracy of IOTA ultrasound morphology in the hands of less experienced sonographers.
No full textAim: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the ability of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis
(IOTA) classification and its impact on the identification of benign and malignant adnexal masses by less
experienced sonographers.
Methods: One hundred and five patients undergoing elective surgical treatment for single adnexal masses at
the University of Parma were enrolled. After the final diagnosis, we had the ultrasound recordings reviewed
retrospectively by a group of three residents, and the features of each adnexal mass were evaluated according
to the morphological score reported by the IOTA Group.
Results: Based solely on the qualitative classification of the IOTA Group unilocular cysts were associated with
a high, significant probability of a benign lesion (odds ratio (OR) = 12.6 (95% CI, 1.61–99.10), P < 0.001).
This probability remained high also with multilocular cysts (OR = 7.9 (95% CI, 1.00–62.38), P < 0.05). By
contrast, multilocular-solid cysts were significantly associated with the probability of malignancy (OR = 6.4
(95% CI, 1.81–22.70), P < 0.001), as were solid masses (OR = 5.5 (95% CI, 1.48–20.92), P < 0.05). None of
the five ultrasound categories of lesions could be significantly correlated with borderline masses.
Conclusions: A simple qualitative classification based solely on the recognition of five different ultrasound
categories may be enough to guide the physician to an accurate identification of the nature of the mass. Our
findings confirm the diagnostic reliability of the IOTA Group classification by less experienced sonographers.
This system is especially helpful because it is capable of discriminating between ovarian masses without further
tests and clinical examinations
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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