1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Psychiatric Aspects of Obesity: A Narrative Review of Pathophysiology and Psychopathology
Full text linkIn the last decades, obesity has become a major concern for clinical and public health. Despite the variety of available treatments, the outcomes remain-by and large-still unsatisfactory, owing to high rates of nonresponse and relapse. Interestingly, obesity is being associated with a growing surge of neuropsychiatric problems, certainly related to the pathogenesis of this condition, and likely to be of great consequence as for its treatment and prognosis. In a neurobiologic direction, a sturdy body of evidence has recently shown that the immune-metabolic-endocrine dyscrasias, notoriously attached to excess body weight/adiposity, affect and impair the morpho-functional integrity of the brain, thus possibly contributing to neuroprogressive/degenerative processes and behavioral deviances. Likewise, in a neuropsychiatric perspective, obesity displays complex associations with mood disorders and affective temperamental dimensions (namely cyclothymia), eating disorders characterized by overeating/binge-eating behaviors, ADHD-related executive dysfunctions, emotional dysregulation and motivational-addictive disturbances. With this review, we attempt to provide the clinician a synoptic, yet exhaustive, tool for a more conscious approach to that subset of this condition, which could be reasonably termed "psychiatric" obesity
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Mood disorders comorbidity in obese bariatric patients: the role of the emotional dysregulation
No full textThe prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide in the past 50 years, reaching pandemic proportions. Obesity is a chronic, relapsing, progressive disease process presenting a multifactorial etiopathogenesis with the role of both eating behaviour and psycho(patho)logical factors. Evidence shows an important relationship between metabolic disorders and psychopathological dimensions such as emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, executive dysfunction and affective temperamental instability. In particular obesity and mood disorders are both highly prevalent in the general population and frequently associated.
This study aims to evaluate psychiatric comorbidities, affective temperamental dimensions, emotional dysregulation and deficits of executive functions in a sample of obese bariatric patients. Moreover we explore the differences between obese patients with and without mood disorders, in terms of emotional dysregulation, executive function deficits and their clinical correlates.
Fifty-nine obese patients, candidates for bariatric surgery, were consecutively enrolled between March and November 2019 at the Obesity Centre of the U.O. Endocrinology 1 of the AOUP. Inclusion criteria were: to be candidate for bariatric surgery, age ≥ 18 years, BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 (class II obesity). Patients unable to complete the self-questionnaires or with unstable and/or severe medical or psychiatric condition were excluded from the recruitment. All subjects provided written informed consent for the study participation. In a single consultation, socio-demographic variables along with several clinical variables were recorded by the participating psychiatrists. Current and/or lifetime psychiatric comorbidity according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria was assessed trough the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The assessment of clinical features of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults was carried out through the Wender - Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (WRAADDS). The clinical assessment was conducted by administering the following self-questionnaires: the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-M (Brief TEMPS-M), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11), the Affective Lability Scale - Short Form (ALS-SF), the Reactivity, Intensity, Polarity, Stability Questionnaire (RIPoSt) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Epidemiological and clinical variables, as well as psychometric scale scores, were compared in patients with and without mood disorders (i.e., Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder). Comparisons between the two subgroups were conducted by Student’s t-test for the dimensional variables and chi-square analysis for the categorical ones.
Our obese patients showed low levels of education and employment while the majority of the sample was married. Obese patients portrayed high rates of psychiatric comorbidity (74.6%) and psychiatric treatment (32.2%) in their medical history. Among psychiatric comorbidities, Bipolar disorder (37.3%), Major Depressive Disorder (11.9%), Anxiety Disorders (45.8%), BED (47.5%) and Neurodevelopmental disorders (16.9%) were the most represented. Obese patients also reported high rates of medical comorbidities, in particular of OSAS, hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus.
In the comparison between obese patients with (MD) and without mood disorders (N-MD) emerged that MD patients obtained higher scores in the affective lability and emotional over-reactivity WRAADDS subscales. Regarding the subdimensions of emotional dysregulation, in the affective instability, negative emotionality and emotional impulsivity RIPoSt subscales; in the subscales of the DERS related to the difficulty of engaging in goal-directed cognition and behaviour when distressed (goals), difficulties of impulse control and regulation of behaviour when distressed (impulse), and limited access to emotion regulation strategies for feeling better when distressed (strategies); then in the affective lability measured through ALS-SF. Concerning impulsivity MD patients obtained higher scores in the attentional and motor impulsivity BIS-11 subscales. Regarding the temperaments, in the cyclothymic, depressive and anxious temperaments measured through the Brief TEMPS-M scale. MD-comorbid patients exhibited also higher rates of psychiatric comorbidities.
In our sample, obese individuals present more frequently social impairments along with a significant rate of medical and psychiatric comorbidities. MD-comorbid obesity is associated with more severe psychiatric comorbidity, emotional dysregulation and impulsivity compared to N-MD obesity. Our results indicate that obese people commonly exhibit elevated levels of emotional dysregulation, suggesting it may play a crucial role in the psychopathology of obesity. The correlation, between temperament-related psychopathology and obesity, deserves a deeper investigation, considering that further studies can impact on the clinical interventions, that should take into account the psychiatric aspects
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Lateralizzazione emisferica per il linguaggio in bambini affetti da ipoacusia neurosensoriale grave-profonda e portatori di impianto cocleare: studio neurofunzionale con doppler transcranico.
No full textLo studio dei bambini con ipoacusia neurosensoriale grave-profonda
che ricevono l’impianto cocleare (IC) dopo un periodo variabile di de-
privazione uditiva, costituisce una condizione unica ed eccezionale
che permette di indagare le caratteristiche dello sviluppo neuronale
a seguito del ripristino della stimolazione elettrica del nervo acustico.
Al momento attuale le conoscenze sulla organizzazione e riorganiz-
zazione del sistema uditivo linguistico nei bambini sordi portatori di
impianto cocleare (IC) sono ancora scarse.
Lo studio della riorganizzazione neurofunzionale cerebrale per il pro-
cessamento del linguaggio può permettere la conoscenza dei mec-
canismi che sottostanno allo sviluppo cerebrale e alla plasticità cere-
brale. Inoltre non vi sono dati in letteratura circa la specializzazione
emisferica per il linguaggio nel bambino sordo congenito reafferenta-
to con IC, in particolare data la forte predisposizione da parte del-
l’emisfero sinistro ad assumere il processamento della funzione lin-
guistica fin da un’epoca precoce, non si conosce se anche nel caso
di deafferentazione acustica per sordità congenita bilaterale e suc-
cessivo ripristino della funzione uditiva grazie all’IC, avvenga ugual-
mente una specializzazione emisferica sinistra per il linguaggio. Nei soggetti udenti le afferenze uditive agli emisferi avvengono
preferenzialmente attraverso vie controlaterali (orecchio destro-emisfero sinistro) mentre le afferenze ipsilaterali rivestono minor peso. Nel bambino sordo reafferentato con l’impianto cocleare non si conosce se prevalgono le afferenze contro o ipsilaterali e se vi sia una specializzazione emisferica sinistra per il linguaggio indipendentemente dall’orecchio afferentato. Questo studio si propone pertanto di indagare la specializzazione emisferica per il linguaggio in bambini sordi portatori di IC attraverso la tecnica del doppler funzionale transcranico e di correlare l'indice di laterizzazione ottenuto con i risultati verbali e degli apprendimenti dei soggetti esaminati
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