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Processo ibrido di pirolisi e gassificazione per la conversione di un generico rifiuto in un combustibile gassoso (un particolare combustibile da rifiuto - cdr) a basso impatto ambientale
No full textIl processo ideato appartiene al settore ingegneristico-impiantistico relativo alla trasformazione ed allo smaltimento dei rifiuti. L’invenzione consente di trasformare un generico rifiuto in un combustibile gassoso “pulito”, ossia senza le sostanze più inquinanti, quali: il cloro, lo zolfo, il fluoro ed i metalli pesanti. Il sistema ideato contribuisce in misura ottimale a risolvere la problematica tecnica relativa allo smaltimento di qualsiasi tipo di rifiuto (rifiuti solidi urbani ed industriali, biomasse rifiuto della potatura, biomasse rifiuto di aziende conserviere, biomasse prodotto delle cosiddette coltiva-zioni energetiche, etc...) senza consumi energetici aggiuntivi se non l’energia elettrica che serve per azionare il forno rotante del pirolizzatore e gli ausiliari (ventilatori, valvole ad azionamento elettrico, etc...). I caratteri essenziali ed innovativi della soluzione proposta consistono: 1. nell’utilizzo in serie ed in loop di un pirolizzatore e di un gassificatore; 2. vengono gassificati con priorità i due prodotti della pirolisi più nocivi per l’ambiente: il tar (catrame condensabile) ed il char (una sorta di carboncino). Quest’ultimo prima della gassificazione subirà particolari processi di lavaggio meccanici, chimici ed elettrici che separano e sta-bilizzano parte delle sostanze più inquinanti, tra le quali i metalli pe-santi (ferro, acciaio, alluminio, rame, etc...); per cui il sistema proposto è a tutti gli effetti anche un metodo per il recupero dei metalli dai rifiu-ti; 3. non ci sono emissioni inquinanti in ambiente; infatti il rifiuto, l’aria ed eventualmente l’acqua, insieme con alcuni additivi ed un combustibile ausiliario, entrando nel sistema, sono completamente convertiti in un combustibile gassoso “pulito” ed in un materiale inerte che conterrà, opportunamente stabilizzate, le sostanze più nocive per l’ambiente e gli eventuali metalli contenuti nel rifiuto. In conclusione risulta chiaro che l’utilizzo finale del processo è la trasfor-mazione di qualsiasi rifiuto in un combustibile gassoso facilmente utilizza-bile in un moderno sistema di combustione
A simple on-board electric generator for road electric vehicles based on single-cylinder engine and PM-brushless generator
No full text
Performance and Emissions of a Natural Gas Fueled Two-Stroke SI Engine
No full textThis paper presents the results of an experimental activity carried out on a two-stroke SI engine for moped (with a displacement 50 cm3) fueled alternatively by gasoline and natural gas. The effect of the fuel on engine performance and efficiency was evaluated comparing both instantaneous (pressure signal in the crankcase, cylinder and exhaust pipe) and overall data (torque, power, fuel consumption, emissions). Cylinder pressure was measured in order to evaluate the effect of fuel on the optimum ignition timing angle and on cyclic dispersion. Engine emissions were measured by means of a gas analyzer and a gas-chromatograph. Moreover this experimental analysis has been carried out also to validate the 1D-3D numerical model for the simulation of the scavenging and combustion processes in a small-size spark-ignition two-stroke engine
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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