1,720,988 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Die humane Komplementfaktor H-Genfamilie
Full text linkIm Rahmen der hier vorliegenden Arbeit über die Organisation und Regulation der Faktor HGenfamilie
wurden folgende drei Themenkomplexe bearbeitet:
Zur Aufklärung der genomischen Organisation der HF-Genfamilie wurden humane Mega YACund
BAC-Klone mittels Restriktionsanalyse, Southernblothybridisierung, PCR und Sequenzierung
analysiert. Alle Gene der Faktor H-Familie HF1- 5 konnten auf diesen Klonen lokalisiert werden,
d.h. diese Genfamilie liegt zusammen auf einem DNS-Abschnitt von ca. 400 kb auf Chromosom
1q32. Weitere HF1-verwandte Genabschnitte wurde identifiziert, die in die Nähe von HF3,
HF5 und F13B lokalisiert wurden. Flankierend zur Faktor H-Genfamilie wurden die Gene für
F13B und PCP-2 kartiert. Die Gene können wie folgt von telomer nach zentromer angeordnet
werden: PCP-2, HF1, HF4, HF2, HF5 gefolgt von HF3/HF6/F13B, deren Orientierung nicht
eindeutig festgelegt werden konnte.
Die Häufung der HF-Gene auf einem DNS-Abschnitt und deren Anordnung in Tandem-
Orientierung läßt vermuten, daß diese Genfamilie ihren Ursprung in Genduplikation hat. In
dieser chromosomalen Region werden Rekombinations-Hotspots vermutet, die eine erhöhte
Rekombinationsfrequenz verursachen infolge derer Duplikationen entstehen können. Durch
Fehler bei der Rekombination kann es jedoch auch zum Verlust von genetischem Material
kommen. Vermutlich kann man die Deletion im Bereich des HF2- und HF4-Gens, die bei
4-5% der untersuchten Probanden gefunden werden kann, durch einen solchen Mechanismus
erklären. Diese Deletion, ein genetischer Marker in dieser Region, kann nun mit einem einfachen
PCR-basierenden Test, festgestellt werden.
Die Isolierung und Kartierung des Faktor H-Genkomplexes erleichtert die Suche nach
Kandidatengenen für das hämolytisch urämische Syndrom (HUS), da die Region als
Kandidatenregion für dieses Syndrom identifiziert wurde. Es ist möglich, daß Faktor H oder
die Faktor H-verwandten Proteine eine Rolle bei der Entstehung dieser Krankheit spielen.
Ob die oben erwähnten HF2-Deletion eine Rolle bei der Pathogenese von entzündlichen
Erkrankungen insbesondere rheumatischer Arthritis, spielt, wurde an einem großen
Patientenkollektiv untersucht. Es wurde jedoch keine Korrelation zwischen Deletion und Erkrankung
gefunden.
Zur weiteren Untersuchung der Funktion der Faktor H-verwandten Proteine, wurde deren
Expression auf Protein und mRNS-Ebene untersucht. Faktor H und die Faktor H verwandten
Proteine 1 und 2 wurden im Liquor cerebralis entdeckt. Der Hauptsyntheseort im Gehirn für Faktor H scheint des Endothel des Plexus chorioideus und die Gliazellen zu sein. Die HFverwandten
Transkripte sind nur auf geringem Niveau nachweisbar. Die Transkription von HF1
ist in den allen getesteten Gliomazellinien mit IFNg stimulierbar. Faktor H verhält sich also im
Gehirn, ebenso wie in der Leber, als Akute-Phase-Protein und verhindert eine ungewünschte
Komplementaktivierung im Zuge von Infektionen, Verletzungen und Erkrankungen des Gehirns.
Durch die inflammatorischen Cytokine IL4 und IL6 wird die Transkription von HF1 nicht
beeinflußt.
Die HF1-verwandten Gene HF1- 5 sind in den Gliomazellinien nicht mit IFNg stimulierbar
und auch IL4 und IL6 zeigen keinen Einfluß auf die Expression dieser Gene. Im Gegensatz
zu Faktor H sind diese Proteine wahrscheinlich nicht an der Akute-Phase-Antwort des Gehirns
beteiligt. Welche Aufgabe ihnen zufällt ist offen
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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