1,720,961 research outputs found
Industrial Transformation and Sustainable Urban Planning in the Pearl River Delta: A Landscape-based Approach
No full textIndustrialization in the PRD has brought about great economic growth and contributed to the rise and consolidation of this deltaic region as a key global player. However, it also generated severe environmental imbalances and pollution of vital and non-renewable resources, such as soil, water and air. Nowadays, the increasing shift towards service-oriented and innovation-driven sectors makes abandoned and decommissioned industrial areas available for transformation. However, to make the most of the potential of these areas to achieve sustainable urban development, novel approaches in planning and design practise are needed to tackle the complexity arising from the challenges posed by climate change and urbanization. This contribution provides a landscape-based approach to adaptive industrial transformation that looks at the spatio-temporal dimension, leveraging the intrinsic and relational qualities of these sites. The approach is tested through two applications in the Chancheng district (Foshan) and Haizhou (Guangzhou).Urban Data Scienc
Venezia da città con porto a città-porto: proposta di rigenerazione urbana della Marittima
No full textThe city of Venice, which takes part and is highly connected to the complex lagoon system it surrounds itself in, constitutes an interesting case of study with regard to the balance achieved in time between man and water, specifically, between anthropogenic processes and environmental dynamics. The traditional construction techniques in Venice are one of the obvious examples of how human genius has overcome the challenge of water, turning a hostile environment into a place with favorable conditions for life and economic development, mainly commercial one. This balance was based on the deep knowledge of the natural processes which characterize the lagoon. They derived from the constructive knowledge generated by continuous experimentation in the search of suitable backdrops, appropriate materials and techniques. These techniques meet with increasingly complex needs according to an extreme attention to the territory and its resources. With the rise of the industrial age, in the nineteenth century, Venice reformulates its development strategies focusing on the construction of a new industrial site connected to the port and the touristic promotion of the island. The exceeding of the carrying capacity is definitely one of the most consistent break points of the weak balance that characterizes the city since its inception. The paper explains a project proposal of the reconfiguration of the Venice Marittima based on the redistribution of touristic flows and on the growth of resilience in the economic, social and environmental city system, focusing on the port as an important strategic resource for the territory
Multidimensional Spatial Decision-Making Process: Local Shared Values in Action
Get PDFThis paper is about developing a methodological framework for a multidimensional spatial decision-making process oriented to the identification of a territorial transformation strategy reflecting shared values. Through the empirical investigation in an operative case study, the Avellino-Rocchetta S. Antonio railway line, in the South of Italy, an integrated evaluative approach implemented in a SDSS can make us go beyond space and hierarchical limits. Taking into account the different multidimensional components of decision-making process, making clear the weights and recognizing the different priorities, fit and situated strategies have been identified, according to an interactive and dynamic dialogue among expertise and local communities
Climate Change and Transformability Scenario Evaluation for Venice (Italy) Port-City Through ANP Method
No full textThe paper explores the consequences of resilience loss in some social-ecological components of Venice port-city in Italy and suggests integrated sustainable strategies on increasing their stress response capability. The urban model of Venice depends on two influential factors: the natural balance between land and water, and the social-economic dependence between mainland and islands. The authors adopt a broad framework of urban spaces and water environment, considering Venice as a complex regional unit, highly dynamic and sensitive. The adaptive balance historically reached by population and nature in Venice has been altered, because of a non-sustainable economic expansion, and tourism policy. The paper adopts a multi-dimensional approach, integrating the cognitive and evaluative dimensions with the technical and economic ones, in order to define possible strategies of action through Multi-Criteria Analysis and ANP method, able to play a strategic role in enhancing resilience at various scale
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Adapting to Uncertainty: Re-thinking Critical Infrastructural Systems
No full textThere are several prevailing issues regarding major altered states of extreme weather events. For instance, storm surges, sea-level rise, and droughts have all resulted in many regions left with critical systems and interdependencies exposed. The impact and risk of modern disasters have caused substantial adverse socio-economic impacts by damaging and disrupting infrastructure services that modern societies have become heavily reliant upon. Long-lasting disruptions can result in complete losses of essential services such as water, energy supplies, transportation and community networks. The frequency of these extremities should now be considered as the new norm. Critical infrastructures play a crucial role in supporting society, and if major systems were to fail by a sudden shock, a ripple effect would be felt. A single failure in the system can easily cascade across a network of critical infrastructure (CI) that would render otherwise unaffected sectors inoperable. Presently, there are a myriad of issues in the UK governmental system, as there is little action being done to ensure service continuity and security of supply. Nor is there an agency that has an overall responsibility for defense against system failure. Within the UK government, a long-term capital program has been launched to provide greater certainty and efficient planning in response to water defense infrastructure. However, the current model has no clear long-term objective for the level of flood resilience that the government is seeking to achieve. Although it will be impossible to prevent all types of flooding, the current planning system is too piecemeal, reactive and disjointed. Thus, this translates to the main research question: how to develop dynamic and adaptable strategies for vulnerable critical systems to address deep uncertainty and flood risk for the Thames Estuary Region?The thesis aims to address several key elements:•To develop a methodology and framework to understand how to assess and develop resilient critical infrastructure and services.•Translating a spatial contingency plan while improving safety and living standards.•To develop a set of propositions based on research-by-design with insight on up-scaling or replicability of the project.The design interventions have the intent to increase safety parameters that encourages a faster response and recovery time while improving livability. However, the pitfall of designing without considering an extreme option of how we plan or develop cities can result in more risks compounding in the future. Economic hubs like London will continue to grow dependent on critical infrastructure and this will continue to stress the existing system. Not only will this remain to put pressure on the floodplain, but it will also create higher forms of exposure and risk. The concluding propositions involves a series of safety parameters, states of isolation, a trans-scalar feedback loop and the creation of emergency backbone services. The mindset of the project is not only to achieve physical integrity in assets but to also maintain essential services and operating performance. It is crucial that critical infrastructure systems should continue to grow, learn and adapt as time persists.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Science
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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