2,056 research outputs found
Haci Bektas Veli in oral Turkish culture Sözlü Türk kültüründe Haci Bektaş Velî
No full textWhen Haci Bektas Veli-based literature has been analysed, it has been possible to see that most of the studies about Haci Bektas Veli based on writing resources. Whereas, Haci Bektas Veli had lived in public's pocket and pursued his life as one of the his life as public during during Anatolia was becoming homeland by Oghuz Turks. Thus, a resourceful oral literature has been occupied based on Haci Bektas Veli. Currently, Haci Bektas Veli has an important role in Islamic Turkish sagas, epopees, lullabies and folk songs. Saltik-name, originated in Anatolia, has been icludes important informations about Haci Bektas Veli. The author of the work Ebü'l Hayr-i Rûmî has adapted rumours written in 15th century with rumours about Anatolian saints. Haci Bektas Veli has been mentioned in epopees, too. Most of the epopees are about family education. Thus, Haci Bektas Veli has been accepted as a mentor and a paterfamilias for Turkish people. Haci Bektas Veli is one of the recognized personalities to young generation in Turkish families. Turkish people have been lulling their babies to sleep to sleep with Haci Bektas Veli's spirituals grandfather Haci Bektas Veli. Turkish people familiarize him via folk songs and ballads. All of the above mentioned facts are reflections of the deep down ideas of Turkish public. In oral Turkish culture Haci Bektas Veli has been identified a mentor and stories based on him has been used for identfying his scientific personality, trying to find solution for conflicts in society, exemplfying him and calling for help in hard times. Also, his connection with other Anatolian saints, his students and his perceptions about life and society should have been added, too. Actually, all through his life, he has been living with folk. An important proof of this idea is collected legends from Anatolia. In hard times, people still have been calling him for help
HACI BEKTAS VELI IN ORAL TURKISH CULTURE
No full textWhen Haci Bektas Veli-based literature has been analysed, it has been possible to see that most of the studies about Had Bektas Veli based on writing resources. Whereas, Had Bektas Veli had lived in public's pocket and pursued his life as one of the his life as public during during Anatolia was becoming homeland by Oghuz Turks. Thus, a resourceful oral literature has been occupied based on Haci Bektas Veli. Currently, Haci Bektas Veli has an important role in Islamic Turkish sagas, epopees, lullabies and folk songs. Saltik-name,, originated in Anatolia, has been icludes important informations about Haci Bektas Veli. The author of the work Ebu1 Hayr-i Rumi has adapted rumours written in 15th century with rumours about Anatolian saints. Haci Bektas Veil has been mentioned in epopees, too. Most of the epopees are about family education. Thus, Haci Bektas Veli has been accepted as a mentor and a paterfamilias for Turkish people. Haci Bektas Veli is one of the recognized personalities to young generation in Turkish families. Turkish people have been lulling their babies to sleep to sleep with Haci Bektas Veli's spirituals grandfather Haci Bektas Veil. Turkish people familiarize him via folk songs and ballads. All of the above mentioned facts are reflections of the deep down ideas of Turkish public. In oral Turkish culture Haci Bektas Veli has been identified a mentor and stories based: on him has been used for identfying his scientific personality trying to find solution for conflicts in society, exemplfying him and calling for help in hard times. Also, his connection with other Anatolian saints,, his students and his perceptions about life and society should have been added, too. Actually, all through his life, he has been living with folk. An important proof of this idea is collected legends from Anatolia. In hard times, people still have been calling him for help
"Menaqib-i Ahi Cihan-i Nasreddin Ahi Evrn" the unkown source on ahi evrn's legendary life [Ahi evrn'in menkabevi hayatina dair bilinmeyen bir eser: "Menâkib-i Ahî Cihân-i nasreddîn ahi evrn"]
No full textMystic or epic legends (menqabes) are crucial works in determining the cultural and belief history of a society. The works containing several menakibs are called "menaqib" or "menaqibname". While some menaqibs mention wonders of the legendary personalities, there are also some others containing mostly biographical information about them. As it is known many sources including Haci Bektash Velayetname have addressed the life of Ahi Evran-i Veli who is the founder of futuwwatnamah institution in Anatolia. To date, two primary sources writen in mathnawi genre and mentioning Ahi Evran's legends have been known. However, in this article the third one that contains different legends than the previous ones will be presented. Furthermore, as far as it is determined, this source is never known and used before. This is a 16-page treatise writen in prose form by an unknown author, and it is entitled as Menaqib-i Ahi Cihan-i Nasreddin Ahi Evran. This treatise that contains valuable information cannot be found in other sources such as Ahi Evran's biographical or legendary life but it can be found at the end of the Burgazi Futuwwatnamah registered in Yapi Kredi Bank Library. After touching shortly upon the concept of mankabe and mentioning the secondary sources on the subject, the treatise will be presented and full text of it will be given in this article
The origin of the creedal elements in Haci Bektas Veli's teachings
No full textIt is an undisputedly clear and obvious fact that the creedal elements in the teachings of Hajji Bektash Veli stemmed from Islamic belief. These elements can be summarized as the monotheistic belief of God underlying the religion of Islam, the prophecy indicating the messengerhood of Muhammad who is commissioned by God to preach the Holy Qur'an to the whole humanity, the Hereafter where all people will be resurrected after death and the good people will be rewarded in return for their good deeds while the evil ones will be punished in return for their evil actions. Our paper does not cover the analysis of the tenets of the Holy Qur'an, the angels, and the fate or predestination, which are traditionally listed within the articles of Islamic creed. This is because the tenets of the Holy Qur'an, the reason for Muhammad's mission of prophecy, and the angels whose existence is informed of by the Qur'an can be dealt with in the same category. As for the issue of fate, though it does occur in the Qur'an, it should be taken as the laws of nature set by God, not as fatalism or the lack of human will. A shallow glance at the creedal elements in Hajji Bektash's works reveals that he has a deep knowledge of the Qur'an and bases his exposition of the tenets of Islamic creed on the Qur'an. As long as one relies on the writings attributed to Hajji Bektash, one can see that the doctrinal elements of his teachings are the extension of the Islamic doctrinal and Sufi schools dominant in the region like Maturidism and Yesevism. Another source of the Bektashi doctrine is the trace of pre-Islamic Turkish culture that should be associated mostly with the post-Bektashi tradition. It is not doctrinally correct to describe this traditon as an extension of Ja'farism or Shi'ism. On the contrary, this tradition has a peculiar character, finding its origin in Islamic belief and being tinged with pre-Islamic Turkish culture
KÖK DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN HACI BEKTAŞ VELÎ’NİN ESERLERİ
No full textİnsanlık tarihi boyunca tüm din, dil ve ırklara mensup insan ve toplumlar için kendilerine özgü birtakım
değerler algısı ve bunun üzerine inşa ettiği değerler sistemi söz konusu olmuştur. Aynı zamanda
kişi ve toplumların duyarlılıkları olarak değerlendirilen değerlerin bir kısmı millî özellikler taşırken
önemli bir kısmı da evrensel mahiyettedir.
Son zamanlarda dünyada birtakım olumsuz duygu ve düşüncelerin yaygınlık kazandığı görülmekte;
birey giderek ön plana çıkarken toplumsal dinamiklerin etkisi önemli ölçüde azalmaktadır. Mutsuzluk,
sahip olunanlarla yetinmeme, kendisinden farklı olana karşı tahammülsüzlük vs. dünyanın ortak
sorunu hâlini almaktadır. Maddî bakımdan gelişen insanların manevi yönden bazı huzursuzluklar
yaşaması, toplumları bu huzursuzlukların nasıl giderilebileceğine dair çözüm önerileri aramaya itmiştir.
Bu bağlamda benzer sorunlarla yüz yüze gelen tüm ülkeler bir çözüm olabileceği düşüncesiyle
geçmişlerinde var olan millî değerleriyle farklı kültürler arasında müştereklik arz eden kimi evrensel
değerleri kendi fertlerine kazandırma gayretine girişmişlerdir.
Bu değerlerin kazandırılabileceği en önemli mekân ve vasıta olduğu düşünülen okullarda hiç değilse
bu değerlerle ilgili temelleri atabilmek için öğrencilerde kazandırılması hedeflenen “adalet, dostluk,
dürüstlük, öz denetim, sabır, saygı, sevgi, sorumluluk, vatanseverlik ve yardımseverlik” gibi millî
ve evrensel yönleri olan bazı kök değerler tespit edilerek tüm ders öğretim programlarına dâhil edilmiştir.
Ahmet Yesevî geleneğinden taşıdığı düşünceleri yaymak için 13. yüzyılda Anadolu’ya gelen Hacı
Bektaş Velî’nin eserlerinin ihtiva ettiği mesajlar ile ders öğretim programlarında yer alan kök değerler
büyük oranda örtüşmektedir. Bu düşünceden hareketle çalışmada, Hacı Bektaş Velî’nin eserleri
kök değerler açısından incelenmiştir. Doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle yapılan çalışmanın sonucunda,
programda kök değer olarak yer alan pek çok hususun incelenen eserlerde de bulunduğu ortaya
çıkmıştır. Hacı Bektaş Velî’nin eserlerinden kök değerlerle ilişkili olduğu düşünülen kısımlardan
zaman zaman aynen alıntılar yapılarak oluşturulan bulgular kısmından yola çıkarak önerilerde bulunulmuştur. ]Through the history, there has always been a perception of a set of values and a value system built on
this perception for people and societies of all religions and languages. Although, a part of the values
which can be labelled as societies’ sensitivities has national characteristics, another part has universal
characteristics. Recently, it has been seen that some feelings and thoughts have become widespread;
the individual has gradually become more important and the effects of social dynamics have considerably
decreased all over the world. Such problems as unhappiness, not being satisfied with what
one possesses, and intolerance towards the different have become the world’s common problems.
Since people who have developed financially have moral uneasiness, societies have had the need
to seek solutions to overcome this uneasiness. In this context, all countries facing similar problems have made an effort to make their individuals acquire some universal values which are common both
in their nations’ past and in different cultures as an idea to solve this problem. In schools, considered
as the most important place and mean to foster these values, some core values that have both national
and universal aspects such as “justice, friendship, honesty, self-control, patience, respect, love,
responsibility, patriotism and helpfulness” have been determined and included into teaching programs
in order to establish the fundamentals related to these values. Core values in course programs
and the messages in the works of Hacı Bektaş Velî, who came to Anatolia in the 13th century in order
to spread the ideas of Ahmet Yesevî tradition, overlap considerably. In the light of this thought, we
have studied the works of Hacı Bektaş Velî in terms of core values in the study. Document review
method was used in this study. It was found that most points that exist in the program as core values
also existed in the works that were reviewed. Recommendations were made after findings part which
was formed by exact quoting from the parts considered as in relation to the root values in the works
of Hacı Bektaş Velî.
Haci Bektash Veli and Bektashism in Russian Sources
No full textHaci Bektash Veli (d. 1271[?]), considered to be the founder of the Bektashism, is one of the leading representatives of Turkish-Islamic thought and belief traditions. He is a person whose influence continues today, as in the past, not only in Anatolia, but also in many countries such as Azerbaijan, Iraq, Egypt, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania and even Hungary, both as historical personality and with his mythical aspects, and his teachings. Haci Bektash Veli and his influence in the entire Turkish-Islamic world, especially in Anatolia, have caught the attention of the researchers from the fields of History, Language, Literature, Sociology, etc. Since the first studies on Haci Bektash Veli and Bektashism have been revealed, many works have been written in this field in various societies. Moreover, these studies become an independent research area over time. In particular, orientalists, including many turkologists, historians, philologists and experts in Islamic studies, were involved in this field, wondering about Turkish-Islamic world. In other words, many researches about Haci Bektash Veli and Bektashism have been carried out both in our country and abroad; original works and translations, such as articles, encyclopaedia articles, monographs, journal special issues, tribute books, surveys and publications, annuals, bibliographic studies, etc. were published in this field. These studies also found their own expression in the scientific events, such as special national and international congresses, symposiums and conferences. Russian-Soviet researchers, who mostly include turkologists, historians, philologists, ethnologists and experts in Islamic historical researches and have a large expert staff, have focused on the great role and effects of Haci Bektash Veli in the preservation of Turkish-Islamic thought and culture. Correspondingly, the essence and philosophical foundations of Bektashism have also attracted their attention. As a result of this process, that began with curiosity and turned into academic interest, a significant literature in Russian on Haci Bektash Veli and Bektashism has emerged. The aim of this paper is to identify- within the available possibilities- Russian written sources on Haci Bektash Veli and Bektashism, to reveal the prominent studies among them and to present comments and evaluations of Russian researchers and other authors who have written their academic publications in Russian in this field, by using the method of description and evaluation. We should specify that in the paper we followed a chronological order taking into account the dates on which these studies were conducted. Finally, this paper aims to contribute to the literature in Turkish on Haci Bektash Veli and Bektashism. Thus, the author of the paper hopes that the paper will be useful in terms of the directory of sources and materials for the ongoing and future researches in our country
ALI NIHAI'S VELAYETNAMA OF HACI BEKTAS VELI WRITTEN IN POETRY AND THE HACI BEKTAS VELI EULOGIES IN THE VELAYETNAMA
No full textVelayetnama (books that describe the lives and the deeds of important persons of a religious order) in which Haci Bektas Veli's (Muslim saint) life, his sainthood, his miracles and his sufistic activities present, can also be evaluated as menakipnama (works which tell about the lives and the extraordinary events in the lives of Muslim saints and important religious persons) types of works and they are important sources of Turkish culture and literature. The Velis, who are primarily taken place in oral narrative in public and then are reflected in written narratives such as velayetname and menkibe, can either be the founder or the leading personality who contribute the development of Muslim Orders. Examining menakipnames initially written in Arabic and later on in Persian and Turkish languages beginning with the 11th. Century we can see a rich epic writing tradition is formed in the Eastern literatures. In Turkish literature, a number of velayetnames were written in verse or prose around such important names of Turkish history of mysticism such as Hacim Sultan, Haci Bektas Veli, Kaygusuz Abdal, Abdal Musa, Otman Baba, Sultan Sucauddin Baba, Demir Baba, Ahmed Yesevi, Mevlana, Yunus Emre. Ali Nihani b. Mehmed Tevfik Yozgadi were also velayetname writers who lived in the 19th Century. Nihani wrote a velayetnama in verse due to the request and insistence of Feyzullah Efendi who was in charge of Haci Bekta-i Veli Dergah (a building where all of the dervishes got together and prayed). As it is seen in other examples of this type, each verse has different rhymes in this velayetnama which consisted of approximately 6250 verses. During this work, primarily Ali Nihani b. Mehmed Tevfik Yozgadi's work called "Velayet-name-i Haci Bektas Veli" that was written in 1296 (1878) will be introduced. Only two copies of the book are known to exist. We will dwell on the misconception of Nihani's work as a new copy of Firdevsi-i Tavil's velayetnama which had been written earlier. Later on we will evaluate in form and content, the nine poems written in different verse types included in Nihani's poetic velayetnama and which was used to eulogize Haci Bektas Veli; and finally nine praise texts will be presented
THE ORIGIN OF THE CREEDAL ELEMENTS IN HACI BEKTAS VELI'S TEACHINGS
No full textIt is an undisputedly clear and obvious fact that the creedal elements in the teachings of Hajji Bektash Veli stemmed from Islamic belief. These elements can be summarized as the monotheistic belief of God underlying the religion of Islam, the prophecy indicating the messengerhood of Muhammad who is commissioned by God to preach the Holy Qur'an to the whole humanity, the Hereafter where all people will be resurrected after death and the good people will be rewarded in return for their good deeds while the evil ones will be punished in return for their evil actions. Our paper does not cover the analysis of the tenets of the Holy Qur'an, the angels, and the fate or predestination, which are traditionally listed within the articles of Islamic creed. This is because the tenets of the Holy Qur'an, the reason for Muhammad's mission of prophecy, and the angels whose existence is informed of by the Qur'an can be dealt with in the same category As for the issue of fate, though it does occur in the Qur'an, it should be taken as the laws of nature set by God, not as fatalism or the lack of human will. A shallow glance at the creedal elements in Hajji Bektash's works reveals that he has a deep knowledge of the Qur'an and bases his exposition of the tenets of Islamic creed on the Qur'an. As long as one relies on the writings attributed to Hajji Bektash, one can see that the doctrinal elements of his teachings are the extension of the Islamic doctrinal and Sufi schools dominant in the region like Maturidism and Yesevism. Another source of the Bektashi doctrine is the trace of pre-Islamic Turkish culture that should be associated mostly with the post-Bektashi tradition. It is not doctrinally correct to describe this traditon as an extension of Ja'farism or Shi'ism. On the contrary, this tradition has a peculiar character, finding its origin in Islamic belief and being tinged with pre-Islamic Turkish culture
IMAGES OF HACI BEKTAS VELI AND PIR SULTAN ABDAL IN SOCIALIST TURKISH POETRY AFTER 1940
No full textHaci Bektas Veli and Pir Sultan Abdal who are well-known figures of Turkish folk culture are images that one can sometimes come across in modern Turkish Poetry. In this article, the poems from 1940 to 2010 have been examined in order to find out the inter-textual relations that occur as a result of quotations, reminders, images and styles. It has been found out that modern poets mostly refer to the tranquillity and peace-loving manners of Haci Bektas Veli, and the opposition-loving identity and the hanging event of Pir Sultan in their poems. In the poems it is noticeable that Haci Bektas Veli's and Pir Sultan's historical reality have been slightly changed, and it is also observable that they have been, mentally, separated from their mystic world views and, as a result, they have begun to be recognized as national heroes for peace or fighters for political ideas. It is also possible to claim that especially socialist poets have preferred to refer to Haci Bektas Veli more than Pir Sultan Abdal because of finding his political views more similar to their own although the references have been less than expected in number
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HACI: A Haptic-Audio Code Interface to Improve Educational Outcomes for Visually Impaired Introductory Programming Students
No full textThis thesis introduces the Haptic-Audio Code Interface (HACI), an educational tool designed to enhance programming education for visually impaired (VI) students by integrating haptic and audio feedback to compensate for the absence of visual cues. HACI consists of a non-resource-intensive web application supporting JavaScript program development, execution, and debugging, connected via a cable to an Arduino-powered glove with six integrated haptic motors to provide physical feedback to VI programmers. Motivated by the need to provide equitable educational opportunities in computer science, HACI aims to improve non-visual code navigation, comprehension, summarizing, editing, and debugging for students with visual impairments while minimizing cognitive load. This work details HACI’s design principles, technical implementation, and a preliminary evaluation through a pilot study conducted with undergraduate Computer Science students. Findings indicate that HACI aids in the non-visual navigation and understanding of programming constructs, although challenges remain in refining feedback mechanisms to ensure consistency and reliability, as well as supplementing the current functionality with a more feature-reach and customizable accessible learning experience which will allow visually impaired students to fully utilize interleaved haptic and audio feedback. The study underscores the transformative potential of haptic and audio feedback in educational practices for the visually impaired, setting a foundation for future research and development in accessible programming education. This thesis contributes to the field of accessible technology by demonstrating how tactile and auditory feedback can be effectively integrated into educational tools, thereby broadening accessibility in STEM education
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