1,721,072 research outputs found
What's new in the 'Berlin' definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
No full textA valid operative definition for ARDS is essential for the appropriate institution of a standardized 'best-evidence' treatment and for the identification of subgroups of patients who may benefit from specific adjunctive interventions, as well as to assist with prognostication, resource allocation and the design of new research trials. Here, we will discuss some of the methodology used by the ARDS Definition Task Force to develop the new 'Berlin' definition of ARDS, briefly discussing the rationale for the divergence from the AECC definition. The Berlin definition improves on the predictive validity for mortality of the American-European Consensus Conference's (AECC) definition and clarifies both the conceptual model of ARDS and the definition criteria of the syndrome and of its spectrum of severity. This should facilitate case recognition and more consistent treatment strategies based on severity
Diurnal variation of analgosedation doses in mechanically ventilated patients including ECMO: a single centre observational cohort study
No full textAcute kidney injury as a risk factor of hyperactive delirium: a case control study
No full textPURPOSE: Delirium and acute kidney injury (AKI) are common organ dysfunctions during critical illness. Both conditions are associated with serious short- and long-term complications. We investigated whether AKI is a risk factor for hyperactive delirium.METHODS: This was a single-centre case control study conducted in a 30 bedded mixed Intensive Care Unit in the UK. Hyperactive delirium cases were identified by antipsychotic initiation and confirmation of delirium diagnosis through validated chart review. Cases were compared with non-delirium controls matched by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score and gender. AKI was defined by the KDIGO criteria.RESULTS: 142 cases and 142 matched controls were identified. AKI stage 3 was independently associated with hyperactive delirium [Odds ratio (OR) 5.40 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.33-12.51]. Other independent risk factors were mechanical ventilation [OR 2.70 (95% CI 1.40-5.21)], alcohol use disorder [OR 5.80 (95% CI 1.90-17.72)], and dementia [OR 9.76 (95% CI 1.09-87.56)]. Hospital length of stay was significantly longer in delirium cases (29 versus 20 days; p = .004) but hospital mortality was not different.CONCLUSIONS: AKI stage 3 is independently associated with hyperactive delirium. Further research is required to explore the factors that contribute to this association.</p
La contrazione della muscolatura liscia delle vie aeree: aspetti biochimici e fisiopatologici
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Diurnal variation of analgosedation doses in mechanically ventilated patients including ECMO: a single centre observational cohort study
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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