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(5(1-2):44-89)Regional test of The Varieties of Sweet-Potato
No full text一、本試驗供試品種計十個，K2,K3,KS,K14,K164,K170,C68,C76及C104九種，係嘉義農業驗分所歷年育成之雜交種，南瑞苕係民國三十六年由美國引進之優良品種，自民國三十九年起至民國四十二年止，在本省臺北、臺中、嘉義、鳳山、臺東五處舉行區域試驗凡三年，每區另加當地栽培最多之優良品種一個作爲對照之用。
二、幼苗期間生育調查：測量各種蔓長及分枝數五處三年平均結果，嘉義種，青藤仔，K5, K2,蔓最長（230公分以上），臺農16號，K170,K164等七種次之（100公分以上），C104,C76，南瑞苕，臺農31號最短（100公分以下），查以上長蔓各種莖直徑多細，生長習性匍匐；而短蔓各種各則莖粗，生長習性多半直立，此爲值得注意之現象，可供將來栽培上行株距規劃時之參考，至於分枝數K3，嘉義種，臺豐16號，青藤仔，K164,K140較多，均在10支以上，其他均不足十支。
三、莖葉產量統計：三年來平均莖葉產量，以K5最重，每公頃可收穫15891公斤之多，K140,K2,K3,K170次之，每公頃在一萬公斤以上，共他較少，尤以上列五種在臺東區與對照種臺農16號均可收穫二萬公斤以上莖葉，故如以甘藷莖葉主要用途作爲青飼料，這幾個品種值相採用的。
四、塊根每個重量大小藷指數及品質調查：
1．每個塊根重量按照等級分類，青藤仔，K140，臺農31號三種列於極大級（320公分以上），K2等八種屬於大級（240-319公分）C68,C76，南瑞苕屬中級（160-239公分），臺農10號屬小級（80-159公分），大藷指數以青藤仔，K140二種最高，在90%左右，K170,K2,K3等七種次之，K5,C104,C68,C76又次之，南瑞苕，臺農10號最低。
2．製簽率及製簽量：製簽率按等級分類南瑞薔，C76,K164屬極多級（36%以上）K3,K140, C68屬多級(31%-35.9%)幼其他K2等四種均屬中級(26%-30.9%)而對照種臺中之青藤仔製簽率極少，僅21.18%，嘉義種稍高(26.94%)故折算製簽量反不如產量較其略低之K2,K140等種，綜觀各種製簽量以K2,K140,K164,C76四種較多，每公頃可得七千公斤以上，對照種以臺農31號較多。
3．食味：綜合各處品評結果：食味佳良屬於上級者有南瑞苕，C76，臺農10號，臺於16號；屬於中級者有C68，K164,K170等九種；食味最差列入下級者爲嘉義種及青藤仔。
五、塊根產量統計分析：
I．個別分析：將各區每年產量及三年綜合成績，經應用變量分析法分析結果歸納如下：
1．臺北區：三年來每年產量K140,K2,K170,K164四種較多，除第三年有差異外，餘多較其他品種爲豐，雙彼此間差異不顯著，惟C76隨土壤肥力而增加，第二年升入第三位，第三年列居首位，故三年綜合，K2,K140,C76,K170四種顯著超越其他各品種，與對照種較產量高出一培以上（指數200%以上）由此可知此四種在臺北區有推廣之體價值。
2．臺中區：按產量比較各品種均少於豐產之對照種青藤仔，惟四十一年度K140產量略高於對照種，K170在兩年相差不顯著，若以製簽量合併比較青藤仔特低，除C104，南瑞者二種外，均高於對照種，K140製簽量指數超過對照種41%，在製簽量及食味兩方面講，K140確爲值得注意之品種。
3．嘉義區：K２三年均極顯著超過對照種（嘉義種）K140二年顯著超過，次爲K3,K170二種，三年平均前三種亦顯著超越，在製簽率製簽量及食味各方面看，此四種均勝對無種一籌，在本區爲有希望品種。
4．鳳山區：本區以嘉義分所育成之臺農31號作對照種，所有品種三年來產量均較對照種爲低，惟K140與其相差不甚顯著，而校其他品種有顯著超越。
5．臺東區：K2三年內產量，在第一年與對照種（臺農十六號）相差不顯者，其除二年都顯著超過對照種，三年綜合分析K2,C76,K170,K140,K164均顯著超過對照種，產量指數較對照種高20%以上，C76第三年產量特豐，隨總產量而增加，情形於臺北區相同。
Ⅱ．綜合分析各區三年產量：K2,K140在各區普遍豐產顯著超過共他品種，平均每公頃產量均在二萬四千七百公斤以上，K170次之，以交感差異觀測其適應性，C76在臺北區似較適合，K140適於臺中區，K2,K3適於嘉義區，鳳山區似以K140,K3較適，K2,C76適於臺東。
六、綜合各方面試驗結果：就莖葉，地根產量，槐根單個重量，大藷指數，製簽率，製簽量及食味等各方面，當以K140列爲首位，K2,K170,K164三種次之，C76在臺東，臺北於民國四十二年塊根產量特高，且其食味佳，製簽率高，姑將來在臺北等都市附近局部推廣，似有希望，設加工脫水試驗成功，擴大實龜，則本品睡推廣，必有共發民前途，南瑞苕食味雖佳，製簽率亦高，懵產量過低，就經濟觀點，似以C76取而代之，較爲今理。
1. In this experiment ten varieties were tested in five different regions namely, Taipei, Taichung, Chiayi, Fengshan, and Taitung for three years; among them, nine were hybridized varieties, improved by Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Station, namely, K2, K3, K5, K140, K164, K170, C68, C76, and C104, Nancy Hall was introduced from U. S. A. by the station. Native variety or the variety is popularly planted was used as the check of the test.
2. In the growth period the length of the stern and number of branches of the varieties were measured. According to the three years record in five regions, Chiayi
（嘉義種）Green-stern （青藤仔）,K5,K2were the longest (above 230cm), Tainung No.16, K164, etc. the longer (above 100cm), and C104, C76, Nancy Hall, Tainung No.31, the shortest (below 100cm). The diameter of the longest stem was small, its growth was creeping, but that of the shortest stem was large, its growth was semi-creeping. we decide the distances of rows and plants by these phenomena. The numbers of branches of KS, Chiayi, Tainung No. 16, Green-stem, K164, K140, were numerous, above ten; the others were few, below ten.
3. The yield of the stem foliage in different regions in three years shows that K5 is the highest, yields 15, 891 kg/ha, the second ones are K140, K2, K3, K 170, yields about tem thousands kg/ha, the others yield fewer, less than tea thousands kg/ha. The above five high foliaged yield varieties in Taitung were all over twenty thousands kg/ha. Therefore they are the best varieties as for green feeds. They are all valuable both for foods and feeds.
4. The weight of each tuber, percentage of large and small tubers, and quality of tubers.
a) By weight of each tuber order of the varieties are ranged as follows, Green stern, K140, Tainung No. 31, the first class (above 320 gm each), K2, etc. eight varieties the second class (240-319gm), C68, C76 and Nancy Hall, the third class. The large percentage of large tubers belongs to Green-stem and K140 (above 90%), K170, K2, K3, etc. seven varieties are the second and K5, C104, C68, C76, the third, Nancy Hall and Tainung No.10 the lowest.
b) According the slicing rate, we can range the order of the varieties as follows, Nancy Hall, C76, and K164, the highest clas3 (all over 36%); K3, K140, C68, higher class (31-35.49%); thd others, the middle class (26-30%); the check, Green-stem, the lowest (only 21.18%). If we count accurate slice yields, K164, K140, C76 and K2 four varieties are the highest which produce over 7,000 kg/ha.
c) According to the tests of table-taste, Nancy Hall, C76, Tainung No.10 and Tainung No.16 belong to high class; C68, K164, K170 etc. nine varieties the middle class; but the native varieties, Chiayi-native and Green-stem, the lower class.
5. Tuber yields
a) Regional yields;-According to the analysis of variance, the rasults are as follows:-
(1)Taipei: By the three-year-test, tuber yields of K140, K2, K170 and K164 are the highest; besides third year, four varieties were higher than the others, and the differences were significant. The yields of the four varieties double that of the check (yield percentage 200%). Therefore the four varieties, K140, K2, K170 and K164 are valuable to be extended in Taipei region.
(2) Taichung: According to the comparison of tuber yields of three-year test, all the varieties were less than the check, native variety Green-stem. Tuber yield of K140 was higher than check at 1952, but it was insignificant. If we compare the accurate slice yields and percentage, Green-stem is the lowest, all the varieties, except C104 and Nancy Hall, are higher than Green-stem. Slice yields of K140 is over 40% higher than that of Green-stem. So K140 is the best variety in Taichung according to its high slice yields and good taste.
(3) Chiayi: Tuber-yields of K2 arc significantly higher than chek, Chiayi native, in three years, ad of K140 are higher in two years. Secordary, K3 and K170, two varieties arc high yield ones in the test. Their average yields are all significat1.y higher than the check. By their tuber yields, slice percentages, slice yields and taste quality these four varieties are better than check, so the four ones are the hopeful vareties in Chiayi,
(4) Fengshan: The check used in the test was Tainung No. 31 which had a high yield was improved by Chiayi station, now it has been the extension variety. All the productivities of testing varieties are lower than the check, that means Tainung No. 31 the most suitable variety in Fengshan, though K140 was higher than check one year. It was insignificant as comparing with the check but significant among the others.
(5) Taitung: Yields of K2 was significantly higher than the check, Tainung No. 16, except in 1st year: According to the analysis result of three-year-test, K2, C76, K170, K140 and T164 are all significantly higher than check, their yield-percentages are 20% higher than, the check.
b) According to tuber-yields of three-year-test in five regions, K2, K140 are the high-productivity varieties, significantly higher than, the check. Their average tuber yields are over 24,700 kg/ha. Using intervariance to test their adoptation, C76 is suitable for Taipei, K140 for Taichung, B2 and K3 for Chiayi, K140, and K3 for Fengshan, and K2 and C76 for Taitung.
6. Comparing all the results of experiments by the yields, tubers, weights of single tuber, percentages of large tubers and slices, yie1ds of slice, and taste quality, K140 is ranged in the first class, K2, K170 and K164, the second. Tuber-yields, taste quality and slice percentage of C76 are the highest in Taipei and Taitung. They can be extended in the region of Taipei. If the dehydration work of sweet-potato has been succeeded, looking forward to the extension of C76 must he hopeful. The taste quality of Nancy Hall is quite well, the percentage of its slice is also high, but its tuber yields are too low. By the eeocmic point, Nancy Hall is not as suitable as C76
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