1,721,263 research outputs found
Mango production in Tainan district
No full text芒果於三百多年前荷蘭據臺期間自東南亞引進後，開始在臺灣生根落地，依據「重修臺灣府志」(1747年)記載，芒果為臺灣主要稅收來源，說明當時芒果已是臺灣重要經濟生產作物。到了日治時期，殖民政府又先後自印度及南洋等地引進若干品種。1954、1961年自美國引進愛文、海頓、凱特等品種，並於1962年開始在玉井、關廟、仁德等十一個地區試種，經過數年後由玉井鄭罕池先生試種成功，愛文成為主要栽培品種，使玉井成為芒果的故鄉，也奠定臺南芒果產業的基礎。1970年代芒果產業蓬勃發展，短短10年間栽培面積由不到1,000公頃，在1974年衝破10,000公頃，臺南地區即占了近70%。然而3年後(1977年)卻發生芒果「開花不結果」的問題，嚴重打擊臺南地區芒果產業發展，反觀屏東地區栽培面積卻是急速增加。此事件促使各界對芒果產業的重視，開始就芒果基礎生理進行研究，有學術界的「黃金十年」之稱；同時也促進芒果品種選育工作的發展，如台農1號、金煌、玉文、金興等品種就是在這一期間出現；最後在1987年由林宗賢與吳文哲二位教授發現芒果授粉方式，解決了單位面積產量不彰的問題，於是芒果熱銷、農民搶種，5年之後(1992年)臺灣芒果栽培種面積突破20,000公頃，臺南地區即占10,000公頃，造成了產銷問題，當時芒果每公斤不到5元，即謂「曾文溪事件」。此後為了解決臺南地區芒果產銷問題，政府先後成立「降低生產成本與提昇品質」、「坡地果園自動化」、「芒果策略聯盟」等輔導措施。並在2004年成立「外銷供果園」計畫，配合產銷履歷制度，在2005年10月由林聰明班長領軍的南化區果樹產銷班第二十班率先通過「EUREGAP」國際驗證與授證，開啟臺南地區芒果產業發展史的新紀元。
Mango is introduced into Taiwan from southern Asia in 1 600s. According to the record, mango production became one of major revenue of tax in 1747, which means mango was ecnomically important production to government in that time. in the period of ‘Japanese occupation’, from 1895 to 1945, the government introduced some varieties of mango from southern Asia and India to Taiwan. In 1954 and 1961, the government introduced some mango varieties again, including ‘Irwin’, ‘Haden’ and ‘Keitt’ etc., from U. S. A., and planted them in 11 local district of Tainan. Since then, ‘Irwin’ became the major mango variety and Yujing Township, one of 1 L area, also became ‘the hometown of mango’ in Taiwan. But from 1974 on, production area increased sharply to 10,000 ha and more concentrated in Tainan district which count to 80% of the mango production area, the mango yield was low because the fruit set was bad. In 1987, Dr. Lin and Dr. Wu found the pollination insects was the cause for the mango fruit-setting problem. Meanwhile, someone who hopes to solute the mango fruit-setting problem began to breed or select the mango varieties, and then many local varieties were turn up during this period. When the mango production area grow up to 20,000 ha in 1992, the balance between the production and marketing and the production costs were two major problem of mango industry, which force the government make strategic plan to solute those problems. One of most important strategic is to set up global certification polices for mango industry to make up global marketing streaming. Due to some organizations had passed the ‘EUREGAP’ certification in 2005, the mango production in Tainan district became the logo of fruit industry in Taiwan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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