182 research outputs found
Comparability of the video-, text-based and control condition regarding demographics, baseline values of outcomes and health-care-related costs over the last three months (N = 2099).
No full texta<p>Fagerstroem Test for Cigarette Dependence (0 = not addicted, 10 = highly addicted),</p>b<p>based on the Dutch algorithm for the EQ-5D-3L scores,</p>c<p>costs for prior three month,</p>d<p>OTC: over-the-counter.</p><p>Comparability of the video-, text-based and control condition regarding demographics, baseline values of outcomes and health-care-related costs over the last three months (N = 2099).</p
High performance computing development for the next decade, and its implications for molecular modelling applications
No full textSearch for contact interactions in deep inelastic e(+)p -> e(+)X scattering at HERA
No full textIn a search for signatures of physics processes beyond the Standard Model, various eeqq vector contact-interaction hypotheses have been tested using the high-Q(2) deep inelastic neutral-current e(+)p scattering data collected with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 47.7pb(-1) of e(+)p interactions at 300 GeV center-of-mass energy. No significant evidence of a contact-interaction signal has been found. Limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the contact-interaction amplitudes. The effective mass scales Lambda corresponding to these limits range from 1.7 TeV to 5 TeV for the contact-interaction scenarios considered
MEASUREMENT OF THE DIFFRACTIVE STRUCTURE-FUNCTION IN DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING AT HERA RID B-9165-2008 RID C-5889-2009 RID A-4818-2008 RID C-1693-2008
No full textThis paper presents an analysis of the inclusive properties of diffractive deep inelastic scattering events produced in ep interactions at HERA. The events are characterised by a rapidity gap between the outgoing proton system and the remaining hadronic system. Inclusive distributions are presented and compared with Monte Carlo models for diffractive processes. The data are consistent with models where the pomeron structure function has a hard and a soft contribution. The diffractive structure function is measured as a function of x(p), the momentum fraction lost by the proton, of beta, the momentum fraction of the struck quark with respect to x(p), and of Q(2) in the range 6.3 10(-4) < x(p) < 10(-2), 0.1 < .beta < 0.8 and 8 < Q(2) < 100 GeV2. The x(p) dependence is consistent with the form (1/x(p))(alpha) where alpha = 1.30 +/- 0.08 (stat)(-0.14)(+0.08) (sys) in all bins of beta and Q(2). In the measured Q(2) range, the diffractive structure function approximately scales with Q(2) at fixed beta. In an Ingelman-Schlein type model where commonly used pomeron flux factor normalisations are assumed, it is found that the quarks within the pomeron do not saturate the momentum sum rule
randomized controlled trial
No full textHintergrund: Der Tabakkonsum bei traumatisierten Patienten ist höher als in
der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Rettungsstellen sind daher geeignete Orte, um
mittels Screeningmaßnahmen eine hohe Anzahl von Rauchern zu erreichen. Im
Rahmen der Raucheranamnese kann die Motivation zur Änderungsbereitschaft und
der Grad der Nikotinabhängigkeit erhoben werden. Raucher in Rettungsstellen
sind überwiegend jung und befinden sich in einem frühen Stadium ihrer
Raucherkarriere mit einem geringen Grad der Nikotinabhängigkeit. Zielstellung:
Da zum Zeitpunkt der Studiendurchführung wenig Evidenz für die Wirksamkeit von
Tabakentwöhnungsmaßnahmen in Rettungsstellen vorhanden war, wurde die Tobacco
Control in an urban Emergency Department Studie (ToCuED-Studie) durchgeführt.
Ziel der ToCuED-Studie war es die Wirksamkeit einer Tabakentwöhnungsmaßnahme
in einem Rettungsstellensetting zu prüfen. Weiterhin sollten Prädiktoren für
eine erfolgreiche 7-Tage-Tabakabstinenz 12 Monate nach einer Raucherentwöhnung
evaluiert werden. Zusätzlich sollte zum Zeitpunkt der Basiserhebung die
Assoziation der Motivation zur Änderungsbereitschaft zum Rauchstopp und dem
Grad der Nikotinabhängigkeit analysiert werden. Methode: Im Zeitraum von 15
Monaten wurden 1044 Raucher in der Rettungsstelle der Charité Berlin Mitte,
mit Hilfe einer computerisierten Befragung zu ihrem Rauchverhalten befragt.
Insgesamt waren 1012 Datensätze auswertbar. Die Motivation zur
Änderungsbereitschaft für einen Rauchstopp wurde über einen Algorithmus zu den
Stadien der Veränderungsbereitschaft erfasst. Probanden die zu keinem
Rauchstopp bereit waren, wurden dem Stadium der Absichtslosigkeit
(Precontemplation) zugeordnet. Bei einer Rauchstoppbereitschaft innerhalb der
nächsten sechs Monate wurde man dem Stadium der Absichtsbildung
(Contemplation), und bei einer Rauchstoppbereitschaft innerhalb von vier
Wochen der Handlungsphase (Action) zugeordnet. Der Grad der
Nikotinabhängigkeit wurde über den „Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence“
(FTND) bestimmt. Es erfolgte eine Randomisierung stratifiziert nach Alter,
Geschlecht und Motivation. Die telefonische Nachbefragung zur Erfassung der 7
-Tage-Punktabstinenz erfolgte 1, 3, 6, und 12 Monaten nach Studieneinschluss.
Ergebnisse: Es ließ sich, zum Zeitpunkt der Basiserhebung, keine Assoziation
zwischen der Motivation zur Änderungsbereitschaft und dem Grad der
Nikotinabhängigkeit nachweisen. Bei der Mehrheit der Raucher lag bei einem
Altersmedian von 30 (Spannweite 18-78) Jahren ein geringer Grad der
Nikotinabhängigkeit vor. Insgesamt war die Motivation für einen Rauchstopp
gering, lediglich 12.6% waren für einen Rauchstopp innerhalb von vier Wochen
motiviert. Die Motivation der Änderungsbereitschaft (OR = 2.985, KI = 1.795 -
4.962) und ein geringer Grad der Nikotinabhängigkeit (OR = 0.491, KI = 0.305 –
0.790) waren Prädiktoren für eine erfolgreiche 7-Tage-Tabakabstinenz nach 12
Monaten. Schlussfolgerung: Raucher in Rettungsstellen sind jünger als in der
Normalbevölkerung und häufiger leicht nikotinabhängig. Eine hohe Motivation
zur Änderungsbereitschaft und ein geringer Grad der Nikotinabhängigkeit sind
mit einer erfolgreichen 7-Tage-Tabakabstinenz assoziiert. Eine Intervention
zum Rauchstopp führte gegenüber der Vergleichsgruppe nicht zu einer
signifikanten Tabakabstinenz. In Zukunft sollten sich
Raucherentwöhnungsprogramme vor allem an junge leicht abhängige Raucher
richten, um die Effektivität einer Intervention zu steigern.Objectives: Emergency department (ED) patients show higher smoking rates than
the general population. EDs allow to reach young smokers with a low degree of
nicotine dependence and at an early stage of their smoking history. Aim of
this investigation was to investigate the efficacy of ED-initiated tobacco
control on 7-day abstinence at 12 month. We further studied predictors for a
successful 7-day abstinence at 12 month, and at baseline the association
between motivation to change smoking behavior and the degree of nicotine
dependence. Methods: A randomized controlled intention-to-treat trial was
conducted with 1044 patients in the ED of the Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
Campus Charité Mitte. Overall, 1012 participants with complete data-sets at
baseline were evaluated. The computerized screening using a question on
motivation to change smoking behavior according to the Transtheoretical Model
of behavior change: “When do you wish to stop smoking?”. Those answering “Not
within the next 6 months” were considered unmotivated smokers, those answering
“Within the next 6 months but not within the next 4 weeks“ were considered
ambivalent smokers and those answering “Within the next 4 weeks” were
considered to be motivated smokers. The degree of nicotine dependence was
measured with the German version of the Fagerstroem test for nicotine
dependence. Study participants were randomly assigned to intervention or
control condition, stratified for age, gender and motivation to change smoking
behavior. The intervention group consisted of onsite counseling with a
motivational interviewing plus up to four telephone booster sessions. Results:
The median age was 30 years, 60.7% were males and the majority of study
participants (65.7%) was low nicotine dependent. At baseline, there were no
association between the motivation to change smoking behavior and the degree
of nicotine dependence. Overall 12.6 % were motivated smokers. While the
intervention showed overall no effect, predictors for a 7-day abstinence at 12
month were the motivation to change smoking behavior (motivated vs.
unmotivated smokers): OR = 2.96 (CI 1.79 to 4.96) and the degree of nicotine
dependence (per Fagerstroem point): OR = 0.49 (CI = 0.31 to 0.79).
Conclusions: ED patients are young and the majority is low nicotine dependent.
A high motivation to change smoking behavior and a low degree of nicotine
dependence are positively associated with 7-day nicotine abstinence at follow-
up. ED-initiated tobacco control showed overall no effect on tobacco
abstinence after 12 months
Search for resonances decaying to e+ jet in e+ p interactions at HERA
No full textThe e(+)-jet invariant mass spectrum produced in the reaction e(+)p → e(+)X has been studied at a center-of-mass energy of 300 GeV. The data were collected. using the ZEUS detector operating at the HERA collider, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 47.7 pb(-1). The observed mass spectrum is in good agreement with Standard Model expectations up to an e(+)- jet mass of 210 GeV. Above this mass. some excess is seen. The angular distribution of these events is typical of high-Q(2) neutral current events and does not give convincing evidence for the presence of a narrow scalar or vector state. Limits are presented on the product of cross section and branching ratio for such a slate and are interpreted as limits on leptoquark or R-parity-violating squark production. Specific leptoquark types are ruled out at 95% confidence level for coupling strength lambda = 0.3 for masses between 150 and 280 GeV
INCLUSIVE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS OF CHARGED-PARTICLES IN DIFFRACTIVE AND NON-DIFFRACTIVE PHOTOPRODUCTION AT HERA RID B-9165-2008 RID C-5889-2009 RID A-4818-2008 RID C-1693-2008
No full textInclusive transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in photoproduction events in the laboratory pseudorapidity range -1.2 < eta < 1.4 have been measured up to P-T = 8 GeV using the ZEUS detector. Diffractive and non-diffractive reactions have been selected with an average gamma p centre of mass (c.m.) energy of (W) = 180 GeV. For diffractive reactions, the p(T) spectra of the photon dissociation events have been measured in two intervals of the dissociated photon mass with mean values (M(X)) = 5 GeV and 10 GeV. The inclusive transverse momentum spectra fall exponentially in the low p(T) region. The non-diffractive data p show a pronounced high p(T) tail departing from the exponential shape. The p(T) distributions are compared to lower energy photoproduction data and to hadron-hadron collisions at a similar c.m. energy. The data are also compared to the results of a next-to-leading order QCD calculation
Measurement of high Q**2 neutral current e+ p deep inelastic scattering cross-sections at HERA
No full textThe e(+)p neutral-current deep inelastic scattering differential cross-sections d sigma/dQ(2), for Q(2) gt 400 GeV2, d sigma/dx and d sigma/dy, for Q(2) gt 400, 2500 and 10000 GeV2, have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The data sample of 47.7 pb(-1) was collected at a center-of-mass energy of 300 GeV. The cross-section, d sigma/dQ(2), falls by six orders of magnitude between Q(2) = 400 and 40000 GeV2. The predictions of the Standard Model are in very good agreement with the data. Complementing the observations of time-like Z(0) contributions to fermion-antifermion annihilation! the data provide direct evidence for the presence of Z(0) exchange in the space-like region explored by deep inelastic scattering
Search for contact interactions in deep inelastic e+ p ---> e+ X scattering at HERA
No full textIn a search for signatures of physics processes beyond the Standard Model, various eeqq vector contact-interaction hypotheses have been tested using the high-Q2 deep inelastic neutral-current e+p scattering data collected with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity
of 47:7pb−1 of e+p interactions at 300 GeV center-of-mass energy. No signicant evidence of a contact-interaction signal has been found. Limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the contact-interaction amplitudes. The effective mass scales Lambda corresponding to these limits range from 1:7TeV to 5TeV for the contact-interaction scenarios considered
Measurement of the reaction gamma* p --> phi p in deep inelastic e+ p scattering at HERA
No full textThe production of φ mesons in the reaction e+p → e+φp (φ → K+K-), for 7 < Q2 < 25 GeV2 and for virtual photon-proton centre of mass energies (W) in the range 42-134 GeV, has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA. When compared to lower energy data at similar Q2, the results show that the γp → p0p cross section rises strongly with W. This behaviour is similar to that previously found for the γ*p → p0p cross section. This strong dependence cannot be explained by production through soft pomeron exchange. It is, however, consistent with perturbative QCD expectations, where it reflects the rise of the gluon momentum density in the proton at small x. The ratio of σ(φ)/σ(p0), which has previously been determined by ZEUS to be 0.065 ± 0.013 (stat.) in photoproduction at a mean W of 70 GeV, is measured to be 0.18 ± 0.05 (stat.) ± 0.03 (syst.) at a mean Q2 of 12.3 GeV2 and mean W of ≈ 100 GeV and is thus approaching at large Q2 the value of 2/9 predicted from the quark charges of the vector mesons and a flavour independent production mechanism
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