1,720,992 research outputs found
Godparenthood and social networks in an Italian rural community: Nonantola in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
No full textThe article analyzes the use of godparenthood in the rural town of Nonantola in Northern Italy by making use of formal network analysis methods. Nonantola is a particularly interesting case for study given that it is characterized by the presence of vast common lands established since the Middle Ages, which at the end of 16th century became ‘semi-common’. In fact, at that time the community decided that the right to use of such lands was to be limited to ‘originary’ families, thus excluding immigrants. The right became transmissible from parents to sons and daughters, but the latter lost it if they married outside the group composed by the descendants of the original families. Immediately after the introduction of this new rule, marriage strategies became inward-orientated. The article analyzes the implications of this for the shape of social networks. It considers both selection of marriage partners and godparents, as selection of the latter could compensate a forced reorganization of kinship ties due to the closure of the marriage strategies
Microfisica del matrimonio: condizioni familiari, organizzazione domestica, reti parentali, fattori economici e sociali
No full textBone marrow stromal cells response to nanorough titanium surfaces
No full textObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nanorough titanium implant surfaces on the response of human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in terms of adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
Methods: 10x10 mm machined (M) and nano-roughened (Nano) titanium samples (P.H.I. s.r.l., San Vittore Olona, Milano, Italy) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Primary cultures of BMSCs, obtained from bone marrow samples of healthy donors, were seeded on the titanium samples and cell morphology, adhesion and proliferation were evaluated. Furthermore, the osteogenic differentiation, in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin synthesis and extracellular mineralization, was also analysed.
Results: M samples appeared grooved, whereas Nano surfaces showed a peculiar nanoscaled topography at the SEM analysis. Cells appeared intimately spread on both surface types. 6-h cell adhesion was enhanced by Nano surfaces (p<0.05) with respect to machined ones, whereas the 7-d proliferation remained unmodified. Osteogenic parameters were increased (p<0.05 at least) by Nano samples compared to control machined ones.
Conclusions: Nano-roughening treatment seems to enhance the adhesion of BMSCs onto titanium implant surfaces as well as their differentiation toward the osteoblastic phenotype. Further studies are needed to investigate the possible in vivo and clinical implications of such encouraging preliminary results
Between constraints and coercion. Marriage and social reproduction in Northern and Central Italy, 18th and 19th centuries
No full textIn this paper we review the main theories of household and marriage systems, highlighting their inability to account for the astonishing variety of family and marriage patterns that characterized modern Italy. We propose a new interpretative framework, where social reproduction is given pride of place as the main factor shaping marital behavior and household formation in the past. We test our theory analyzing five populations in northern and central Italy, characterized by different ecological, economic, and social conditions. We use an event history analysis approach to model the timing of marriage in the populations under study. The results confirm that coercion mattered much more than Malthusian economic constraints. We conclude suggesting a more general application of our approach to the study of marital behavior, family formation, and residential patterns in the past
Politiche di integrazione dei servizi e reti sociali
No full textCon la riforma costituzione del 2001 il sistema dei servizi socio-assistenziali e sociali in generale si muove nella direzione dell’ampliamento delle
competenze delle regioni e delle autonomie locali, in una logica che chiama
a farsi carico delle responsabilità concernenti l’implementazione della rete
di servizi del welfare locale tutti gli attori del territorio che, sulla base del
metodo della pianificazione, della programmazione e della valutazione, partecipano alla costruzione del sistema
L'invecchiamento sano e attivo nelle politiche sociali
No full textLa rappresentazione demografica della struttura della popolazione evidenzia in modo chiaro e netto che l’invecchiamento della popolazione è un
fenomeno in continua espansione a cui sono connesse sia dimensioni macro
che incidono sull’intero assetto dell’organizzazione sociale, economica e politica dei sistemi nazionali sia dimensioni micro che possono modificare il corso della vita degli individui.
Questo “nuovo” scenario, o la cosiddetta galassia anziani riguarda ormai la maggior parte dei Paesi del nostro globo
Contesto e risultati generali della ricerca
No full textNegli anziani, che crescono di numero, si presenta sempre più una somma
di condizioni ciascuna delle quali non sarebbe in grado, da sola, di provocare
la perdita dell’autonomia. Condizioni che sembrano mettere in crisi
l’approccio clinico tradizionale e che richiedono nuovi modelli interpretativi
e operativi, a partire dai servizi dei Comuni – singoli e costituiti in Ambiti
territoriali – e dei Distretti Socio-Sanitari (DSS). Emerge, quindi, un cambiamento non solo quantitativo ma anche qualitativo dei bisogni della popolazione anziana, che richiede un cambiamento sia del modello “clinico” sia di quello “sociale” per fronteggiare i problemi degli anziani
VERSO UNA METODOLOGIA PER LA FORMAZIONE SULL'INVECCHIAMENTO SANO E ATTIVO
No full textLa realtà dell’invecchiamento sano e attivo si prospetta come un campo
che impegnerà, sempre più nel futuro, lo sviluppo di conoscenze e competenze adeguate. Sarà importante passare dagli elementi di conoscenza e riflessione teorica alla necessità di potersi calare nella realtà professionale,
utilizzando adeguatamente gli strumenti dell’integrazione dei servizi. Le
buone pratiche chiudono questa ipotesi metodologica verso una formazione
completa: esse testimoniano forme innovative di cambiamento e la rilevanza
del ruolo che il Terzo settore svolge nell’attuazione piena del principio di
sussidiarietà
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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