351 research outputs found
Helene Fourment
No full textPostal que reproduce una pintura del año 1630-1640 de Peter Paul Rubens. Representa a Helena Fourment, segunda esposa del pintor. Aparece vestida elegantemente, con adorno en el pelo y engalanada. https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken/objecten?q=rubens&p=1&ps=12&st=Objects&ii=4#/SK-C-295,4En la postal aparece el siguiente texto: Amsterda
Compatibility between electrical energy transmission lines and new railway infrastructures
No full textThe paper deals with the possibility of installing a 1000 MW power link inside a railway tunnel infrastructure. In particular, the power link should be installed in a train running tunnel, which induces specific constraints like limited available space, limited time access for operation and maintenance of the transmission line due to the railway traffic. The possibility of using a separate emergency tunnel or a pilot one [1, 2] was not in the scope of the project. The actual challenge was to include the cable system whereas the tunnel was originally designed for railway operation only.
The paper envisages several technical choices namely AC and DC technologies and demonstrates that the HVDC solution is the only possibility owing to space requirements inside the proper railway tunnel: two poles and a metallic return have been considered for HVDC. The paper highlights only some of the numerous technical issues that have been addressed, in particular:
the electro-magnetic field (EMF) impact considering the possibility of installing both poles in the same tunnel or one pole per tunnel;
the electro-magnetic compatibility between the high-speed railway supply and the DC link considering the possibility of harmonic contents in the DC-side and the screening effect provided by the metallic pole cable sheath;
the safety in case of a pole short-circuit inside the tunnel: theoretical approach and short circuit experimental tests on 300 kV and 450 kV specimens;
the transmission line fire behaviour inside the railway tunnel from a theoretical standpoint.
This study has been financially supported by the European Community in the framework of TEN-ENERGY Programme:
Decisions C(2006)2928&C(2007)3521 – 2005 – E204/05 – TREN/05/TEN-E-S07.59331
Seqotron: A user-friendly sequence editor for Mac OS X
No full text© 2016 Fourment and Holmes. Background: Accurate multiple sequence alignment is central to bioinformatics and molecular evolutionary analyses. Although sophisticated sequence alignment programs are available, manual adjustments are often required to improve alignment quality. Unfortunately, few programs offer a simple and intuitive way to edit sequence alignments. Results: We present Seqotron, a sequence editor that reads and writes files in a wide variety of sequence formats. Sequences can be easily aligned and manually edited using the mouse and keyboard. The program also allows the user to estimate both phylogenetic trees and distance matrices. Conclusions: Seqotron will benefit researchers who need to manipulate and align complex sequence data. Seqotron is a Mac OS X compatible open source project and is available from Github https://github.com/4ment/seqotron/
Novel non-parametric models to estimate evolutionary rates and divergence times from heterochronous sequence data
No full textBackground: Early methods for estimating divergence times from gene sequence data relied on the assumption of a molecular clock. More sophisticated methods were created to model rate variation and used auto-correlation of rates, local clocks, or the so called "uncorrelated relaxed clock" where substitution rates are assumed to be drawn from a parametric distribution. In the case of Bayesian inference methods the impact of the prior on branching times is not clearly understood, and if the amount of data is limited the posterior could be strongly influenced by the prior. Results: We develop a maximum likelihood method - Physher - that uses local or discrete clocks to estimate evolutionary rates and divergence times from heterochronous sequence data. Using two empirical data sets we show that our discrete clock estimates are similar to those obtained by other methods, and that Physher outperformed some methods in the estimation of the root age of an influenza virus data set. A simulation analysis suggests that Physher can outperform a Bayesian method when the real topology contains two long branches below the root node, even when evolution is strongly clock-like. Conclusions: These results suggest it is advisable to use a variety of methods to estimate evolutionary rates and divergence times from heterochronous sequence data. Physher and the associated data sets used here are available online at. © 2014 Fourment and Holmes; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
Cannabis, antisémitisme, folie meurtrière et irresponsabilité pénale
No full textInternational audience(Crim. 14 avr. 2021, n° 20-80.135, D. 2021. 875, note Y. Mayaud ; JCP 2021 Édito, P. Spinosi ; JCP 2021, 521 note F. Rousseau ; JCP 2021, 522 note E. Dreyer ; Lexbase Pénal, 20 mai 2021, n° 38, note J-C. Saint-Pau ; Gaz. Pal. 2021, n° 18, Editorial F. Fourment
Error estimation and accurate mapping based ALE formulation for 3D simulation of friction stir welding
No full textReprinted with permission from AIP Conf. Proc. May 17, 2007 -- Volume 908, pp. 185-190 MATERIALS PROCESSING AND DESIGN; Modeling, Simulation and Applications; NUMIFORM '07; Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes; doi:10.1063/1.2740809 Copyright 2007 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of PhysicsInternational audienceAn Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation is developed to simulate the different stages of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process with the FORGE3® F.E. software. A splitting method is utilized: a) the material velocity/pressure and temperature fields are calculated, b) the mesh velocity is derived from the domain boundary evolution and an adaptive refinement criterion provided by error estimation, c) P1 and P0 variables are remapped. Different velocity computation and remap techniques have been investigated, providing significant improvement with respect to more standard approaches. The proposed ALE formulation is applied to FSW simulation. Steady state welding, but also transient phases are simulated, showing good robustness and accuracy of the developed formulation. Friction parameters are identified for an Eulerian steady state simulation by comparison with experimental results. Void formation can be simulated. Simulations of the transient plunge and welding phases help to better understand the deposition process that occurs at the trailing edge of the probe. Flexibility and robustness of the model finally allows investigating the influence of new tooling designs on the deposition process
A comparison of common programming languages used in bioinformatics
No full textAbstract Background The performance of different programming languages has previously been benchmarked using abstract mathematical algorithms, but not using standard bioinformatics algorithms. We compared the memory usage and speed of execution for three standard bioinformatics methods, implemented in programs using one of six different programming languages. Programs for the Sellers algorithm, the Neighbor-Joining tree construction algorithm and an algorithm for parsing BLAST file outputs were implemented in C, C++, C#, Java, Perl and Python. Results Implementations in C and C++ were fastest and used the least memory. Programs in these languages generally contained more lines of code. Java and C# appeared to be a compromise between the flexibility of Perl and Python and the fast performance of C and C++. The relative performance of the tested languages did not change from Windows to Linux and no clear evidence of a faster operating system was found. Source code and additional information are available from http://www.bioinformatics.org/benchmark/ Conclusion This benchmark provides a comparison of six commonly used programming languages under two different operating systems. The overall comparison shows that a developer should choose an appropriate language carefully, taking into account the performance expected and the library availability for each language.</p
Analysis of the conform process: a specific form of aluminium extrusion.
No full textSince the Conform process was patented 30 years ago, there have only been approximately 200 machines sold worldwide. Given that Conform competes economically with conventional extrusion and is also reported to be a more energy
efficient process, it is surprising that the use of Conform is not more widespread in today's increasingly environmentally conscious and high-production focussed world. One explanation for this is likely to be due to the fact that there is still limited knowledge of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the workpiece during extrusion.
Furthermore, for the aluminium industry, there are still issues remaining regarding the production of flash and the quality of the extrudate in terms of mechanical properties. This study provides the reader with the findings of the research and experimental work undertaken by the author, his co-workers and fellow specialists, in the field of aluminium extrusion including Conform. The experimental work includes both laboratory experiments performed with a direct extrusion press and an experimental machine set up to replicate the Conform process. The experimental work is also simulated using finite element modelling techniques. The results from these analyses are then validated by comparing industrial and experimental data. The finite element analyses are enhanced by using parallel processing technology and user sub-routines. The author proposes new models to allow for the study of the different sub-processes in Conform. These include the coining of the feedstock, formation of the upset zone, extrusion of the flash, the filling-up of the expansion chamber / feeder plate and the extrusion of the extrudate. The author also investigates methods which predict microstructure and surface cracks in the extrudate. The author suggests innovative techniques to improve the efficiency of finite element analysis in metal forming. Finally the author recommends procedures for the study of structural integrity and the optimisation of the tooling used in Conform
Gradient, non-gradient and hybrid algorithms for optimizing 3D forging sequences with uncertainties
No full textReprinted with permission from AIP Conf. Proc May 17, 2007 Volume 908, pp. 475-480 MATERIALS PROCESSING AND DESIGN; Modeling, Simulation and Applications; NUMIFORM '07; Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes; doi:10.1063/1.2740856. Copyright 2007 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of PhysicsInternational audienceIn the frame of computationally expensive 3D metal forming simulations, optimization algorithms are studied in order to find satisfactory solutions within less than 50 simulations and to handle complex optimizations problems with several extrema. Two types of algorithms are selected, which both utilize a meta-model to approximate the objective function and so reduce computational cost. This model either supports standard Evolutionary Algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithms, or is sequentially improved until finding a satisfactory and well approximated solution. The Meshless Finite Difference Method is the utilized meta-model, without (standard algorithm) or with (hybrid algorithm) the gradient information. This meta-model approach allows taking into account uncertainties on optimization parameters in an inexpensive way. The optimization procedure is modified accordingly. The proposed algorithms are first evaluated and compared on standard analytic functions, and then applied to a 3D forging benchmark, the shape optimization of preform tool in order to minimize the potential of fold formation
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