435 research outputs found
Differenze di genere e misconcezioni nell’operare con le percentuali: evidenze dalle prove INVALSI
No full textInternational standardized assessments highlight the existence of gender differences in mathematics performances: male outperform female in many countries and in Italy this gap is remarkable. The results of Italian standardized assessment, called INVALSI test, confirm the existence and the importance of this gap. In this paper we examine three INVALSI items for Grade 10, similar in terms of mathematical content, item type and question intent. The quantitative analysis of each item, based on the Rasch Model, shows that male and female answers have distinctly different response behaviors, and these differences are similar in the three items. A pedagogical interpretation of the quantitative results led us to explain this gap in terms of a different influence of a specific misconception on males and females
A Teacher Training Project to Promote Mathematics Laboratory During the COVID-19 Health Crisis in Italy
No full textThe [email protected] project supported Italian teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic period, proposing activities based on the mathematics laboratory teaching method which are suitable for distance learning situations. The project resulted in the establishment of an online community of 1,500 teachers. In this paper we present an exploratory study based on an open-ended questionnaire assigned to teachers involved in the project, with the aim of analyzing the results of this training project in terms of mathematics teacher’s specialized knowledge. Results show that the project enriched teachers’ knowledge not only in terms of pedagogical content knowledge but also in mathematical knowledge
Anomalies and absence of local equilibrium, and universality, in one-dimensional particle systems
No full textOne-dimensional systems are under intense investigation, both from theoretical and experimental points ofview, since they have rather peculiar characteristics which are of both conceptual and technological interest.We analyze the dependence of the behavior of one-dimensional, time-reversal invariant, nonequilibrium systemson the parameters defining their microscopic dynamics. In particular, we consider chains of identical oscillatorsinteracting via hard-core elastic collisions and harmonic potentials, driven by boundary Nos ́e-Hoover thermostats.Their behavior mirrors qualitatively that of stochastically driven systems, showing that anomalous properties aretypical of physics in one dimension. Chaos, by itself, does not lead to standard behavior, since it does not guaranteelocal thermodynamic equilibrium.Alinear relation is found between density fluctuations and temperature profiles.This link and the temporal asymmetry of fluctuations of the main observables are robust against modifications ofthermostat parameters and against perturbations of the dynamics
[email protected] 2020 PROJECT: A TEACHER TRAINING PATHWAY DURING THE COVID-19 HEALTH CRISIS IN ITALY
No full textElectrical and spectroscopic analysis in nanostructured SnO2: "long-term" resistance drift is due to in-diffusion
No full textA model for conductance in n-type non-degenerate semiconductors is proposed and applied to polycrystalline SnO2 used as a gas sensor. Particular attention is devoted to the fundamental mechanism of Schottky barrier formation due to surface states in nanostructured grains. Electrical and absorption infra-red spectroscopic analysis constitutes strong evidence for oxygen diffusion into the tin oxide grains. The model is then extended to include oxygen in- and out-diffusion. Thus, it is possible to explain the “long-term” resistance drift in oxygen for fully depleted grained samples in terms of tunneling through the double barrier.Fil: Malagù, Cesare. Universita Di Ferrara; Italia. Istituto di Acustica e Sensoristica “O. M. Corbino”; ItaliaFil: Giberti, Alessio. Universita Di Ferrara; ItaliaFil: Morandi, Sara. Universita di Torino; ItaliaFil: Aldao, Celso Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentin
Beyond text comprehension: exploring items’ characteristics and their effect on foreign students’ disadvantage in mathematics
No full textNational and International standardized assessments have shown sharp differences between native and foreign students’ performance in both text comprehension and mathematics. Based on the data gathered yearly by the INVALSI (Italian National Institute for the Evaluation of Educational Systems) at the national level, we performed a two-step analysis: (1) a regression analysis was first performed to quantify the effect of students’ abilities in reading and text comprehension (and their interaction with students’ citizenship status) on mathematical ability, given a set of covariates; then, (2) a differential item functioning (DIF) analysis was performed to explore the differences between the students depending on their citizenship status. The analysis, performed from a pseudo-longitudinal perspective to account for possible variations in the relationship between citizenship and mathematical performance by age, involved students in grades five (primary school), six, and eight (lower-secondary school). The regression analysis confirmed the relationship between text comprehension and mathematical ability, but the differential item functioning (DIF) analysis individuated additional items, showing statistically significant differential functioning by citizenship status regardless of whether high or low reading demands were placed on students
Horacio C. E. Giberti: the pen as a weapon (1918-2009)
No full textSemblanza de Horacio C. E. Giberti, ingeniero agrónomo, docente, funcionarioCentro de Estudios Históricos Rurale
Role of intragrain oxygen diffusion in polycrystalline tin oxide conductivity
No full textResistivity transients of tin oxide films at step isothermal changes in oxygen pressure are investigated. It is expected that, after exposing the samples to oxygen, the resistivity would increase monotonically as barriers become higher to finally reach a plateau at steady state. Here we present experimental results showing a nonmonotonic resistivity transient response that cannot be explained by only considering changes in the Schottky barrier heights. We provide an explanation based on the effects of intragrain oxygen diffusion that accounts for the observed main features of conduction in this polycrystalline material. Oxygen diffuses into the grains annihilating vacancies; the donor concentration is then reduced affecting the sample conductivity.Fil: Aldao, Celso Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones En Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Mirabella, D. A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones En Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Ponce, Miguel Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones En Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Giberti, A.. Universita Di Ferrara; ItaliaFil: Malagu, C.. Universita Di Ferrara; Itali
Temporal asymmetry offluctuations in the nonequilibrium FPU model
No full textThe large deviation theory recently developed by Bertini, De Sole, Gabrielli, Jona-Lasinio and Landim is meant to extend the Onsager–Machlup theory to nonequilibrium phenomena, and predicts that the fluctuations of densities and currents in certain stochastic processes are not symmetric with respect to the time reversal operation. In this paper, several notions of fluctuations are introduced for deterministic systems, and it is observed that temporally asymmetric (not necessarily large) fluctuations are ubiquitous, even in the context of time reversal invariant dynamics of particle systems, in nonequilibrium states. To illustrate these ideas, the nonequilibrium FPU chain devised by Lepri, Livi and Politi is studied in detail
“Ci deve essere qualche proprietà!” Proprietà delle potenze: contratto didattico e gender gap
No full textLe rilevazioni su larga scala nazionali e internazionali hanno mostrato che nella maggior parte delle nazioni i maschi ottengono risultati superiori rispetto alle femmine in matematica e, in Italia, si osserva uno dei divari maggiori. Nella presente ricerca vengono analizzati due quesiti INVALSI di grado 10 in cui vengono richieste manipolazioni algebriche di potenze con ugual base. L’analisi quantitativa, basata sul modello di Rasch, evidenzia un gap nella scelta di diverse opzioni; le interviste condotte in seguito in due classi dello stesso grado hanno fornito una chiave di lettura del fenomeno emerso in termini di contratto didattico
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