1,721,044 research outputs found
Rôle des graphismes dans l'enseignement scientifique et technologique
Full text linkButy Christian, Peterfalvi Brigitte. Introduction. Rôle des graphismes dans l’enseignement scientifique et technologique. In: Aster, n°48, 2009. Mesure et instrumentation dans l'enseignement scientifique. pp. 7-14
Évaluer et comprendre les effets de l’enseignement sur les apprentissages des élèves : problématiques et méthodes en didactique des mathématiques et des sciences
No full textAlain Mercier, Christian Buty. Assessing and understanding the effects of teaching on student learning: problematics and methods in the pedagogy of mathematics and of sciences The studies on the effects of teaching on student learning that have been carried out in the teaching of sciences fall into 3 categories: the a priori studies which describe what has already been taught and consequently what can be learned, then the studies which deal with the way to teach a specific field; the studies which propose to describe the ways of teaching in order to deduct what can possibly be learned in the conditions created by a method of teaching. Some examples are given, in order to show the methods and the reasoning in each case.Les études des effets de l’enseignement sur les apprentissages des élèves conduites en didactique des sciences sont présentées selon trois types: les études a priori qui décrivent ce qui est réellement enseigné et peut donc être appris, les études relatives à la manière d’enseigner un savoir déterminé, et les études qui cherchent à décrire les manières d’enseigner pour en déduire ce qu’il est possible d’apprendre dans les conditions créées par un enseignement donné. Des exemples sont donnés, afin de montrer les méthodes et les raisonnements dans chacun des cas.Mercier Alain, Buty Christian. Évaluer et comprendre les effets de l’enseignement sur les apprentissages des élèves : problématiques et méthodes en didactique des mathématiques et des sciences. In: Revue française de pédagogie, volume 148, 2004. pp. 47-59
Énergies
No full textL’énergie est un thème mobilisé en biologie, en chimie, en géologie, en physique et en technologie. En outre, l’énergie intéresse également les champs investis par les questions socialement vives (la consommation et les économies d’énergie, etc.) ainsi que les domaines de l’éducation à la santé (avec les notions de calories, d’effort physique, de bilan, etc.), au développement durable (ressource énergétique, réchauffement climatique, énergie renouvelable ou non-renouvelable, etc.). Cependant, il y a fort à parier que derrière un même terme, se cachent des concepts différents selon les disciplines, les questions posées, les phénomènes étudiés. Par ailleurs l’énergie est un des grands objectifs d’enseignement des sciences (thème de convergence au collège, Enseignement Intégré de Science et de Technologie). Cette importance donnée à l’énergie a connu des variations au fil des changements de programme. Parallèlement les études didactiques sur l’enseignement du concept de l’énergie ont connu aussi des évolutions, tant dans leur quantité que dans leur angle d’attaque. L’objet de ce numéro est de faire l’inventaire des recherches actuelles, et de comparer les significations attachées à ce terme dans les champs disciplinaires scientifiques ou dans les « éducations à » qui le mobilisent, ainsi que les modes d’approche didactique. Nous espérons ainsi élargir les horizons des différentes disciplines et améliorer la cohérence des modes de présentation des concepts en jeu, dans le parcours scolaire des élèves. Energy is a topic very frequently used in the fields of biology, chemistry, geology, physics and technology. Moreover, energy also concerns many domains in the area of socio-scientific issues (energy uses and economies, etc.), as well as health education (with the notions of calories, physical effort, balance, etc.) or sustainable development (energy resources, global heating, renewable or not-renewable energy, etc.). Nevertheless, you can be sure that behind the same term, are hidden different concepts depending on the disciplines, the questions, and the phenomena that are studied. Moreover, energy is a major teaching objective in science instruction (‘themes de convergence’ at lower secondary school, Science and Technology Integrated Instruction). This importance devoted to energy teaching has varied throughout the changes in curricula. Similarly, science education studies about energy teaching have also evolved, both concerning their number and their approach. The aim of this issue is to inventory the current trend of research, and to compare the meanings linked to this term ‘energy’ in the scientific disciplinary fields or in the ‘education to’ that use it, together with the didactical approaches. We hope in this manner widen the scopes of different disciplines, and strengthen the coherence of the presentation of these concepts, in the student school pathways
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Le territoire comme composante de l'identification nationale dans l'argumentation des élèves du secondaire
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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