1,866 research outputs found
High-energy physics progress report, October 1, 1974--September 30, 1975. [Univ. of Massachusetts (October 1, 1974--September 30, 1975)]
No full textMajor efforts of the ERDA-sponsored high-energy group at the University of Massachusetts went toward advancement of programs at the Multi-Particle Spectrometer (MPS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Several sequences of tests took place during the past year in which a large water Cherenkov counter developed by U. Mass. was demonstrated to respond with better than 99 percent efficiency on minimum-ionizing particles and to give near-zero signals on slow protons. This counter was utilized as a primary component of a trigger in a counter/spark-chamber experiment to study high-mass K*'s; this constituted the first full-fledged MPS experiment since the general MPS search for ''Charm,'' which took place from late 1974 to April of 1975. The U. Mass. large time-of-flight (TOF) counter system was developed further; pulse height and time resolution looked excellent in testing alongside the MPS. The entire TOF mechanical structure is complete, and most of the electronics is nearing completion. The polarized target development is nearly finished; and installation of the target for testing at the MPS is anticipated in the near future. Financial support has been given to efforts of other faculty who spent approximately four months at Cornell in studies of proton Compton scattering
Essays on asset market and differential information economies
No full textThe inability of institutions in an economy to accommodate full diversification of risks is the key idea behind the incomplete asset markets and the differential information models. The interface between these classes of models, lies in the fact that both of them limit the degree of risk sharing that can occur in an economy, by placing restrictions on the possible future trades of individuals. In this way fully optimal allocations can be reached only through sequential trades. This thesis is focused on the cooperative approach to incomplete asset markets and differential information economies. In brief, the thesis can be described as the study of sequential cooperative games. It is motivated by the fact that often, contracts and asset trades are the objects of coalitional bargaining (e.g., labor contracts or international trade agreements). We introduce a new core concept, termed the Two Stage Core. This core notion is appropriate for economies with trade in two periods, where trades in the first period (ex ante) are limited so that in the second period (ex post) there is need for recontracting. Briefly, the results in this thesis are as follows. We show that the two stage core always exists under standard continuity and concavity assumptions. We derive the two stage core of an asset markets economy as a specification of the two stage core. In order to capture the case of arbitrary short sales we provide a core existence proof for the case of consumption sets with no lower bound. Further, we show that the two stage core is non empty in the Hart (1975) example where a rational expectations equilibrium fails to exist. Finally, we apply this core concept to differential information economies and show that the two stage core is incentive compatible in the sense that no coalition of agents can misreport the true state and provide improvements to all its members, even by redistributing the benefits from misreporting.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T11:52:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Autonomous cooperation of heterogeneous platforms for sea-based search tasks
No full textThesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-90).Many current methods of search using autonomous marine vehicles do not adapt to changes in mission objectives or the environment. A cellular-decomposition-based framework for cooperative, adaptive search is proposed that allows multiple search platforms to adapt to changes in both mission objectives and environmental parameters. Software modules for the autonomy framework MOOS-IvP are described that implement this framework. Simulated and experimental results show that it is feasible to combine both pre-planned and adaptive behaviors to eectively search a target area.by Andrew J. Shafer.M.Eng
Leak Localization Method for Water-Distribution Networks Using a Data-Driven Model and Dempster-Shafer Reasoning
No full textThis article presents a new data-driven method for leak localization in water-distribution networks (WDNs). The method uses the information provided by a set of pressure sensors installed in some internal network nodes in addition to flow and pressure measurements from inlet nodes. Pressure measurements are recorded under leak-free network operation, and a WDN data-driven model of the pressure at each sensed node is adjusted. The pressure estimation from this model is complemented by a Kriging spatial interpolation technique to estimate the pressure in the nodes that are not sensed, leading to a pressure reference map. Leak localization is based on the comparison of this reference pressure map with the current pressure map that is obtained by applying Kriging directly to the pressure measurements provided by sensors. The key element in this comparison is the use of the Dempster-Shafer theory for reasoning under uncertainty. The successful application of the proposed methodology to two real-data case studies is presented.This work has been funded by the Ministerio de Econom´ıa,
Industria y Competitividad (MEICOMP) of the Spanish Government through the project DEOCS (ref. DPI2016-76493)
and by the Catalan Agency for Management of University
and Research Grants (AGAUR), the European Social Fund
(ESF) and the Secretary of University and Research of the
Department of Companies and Knowledge of the Government
of Catalonia through the grant FI-DGR 2015 (ref. 2015 FI
B 00591). J. Blesa acknowledges the support from the Serra
Hunter program. The third author would like to acknowledge ´
the grant from the Innovation Fund Denmark (IFD) under File
No. 6155-00002B
High diagnostic yield of tuberculosis from screening urine samples from HIV-infected patients with advanced immunodeficiency using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay.
No full text: ABSTRACT:: We determined the diagnostic yield of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for tuberculosis (TB) when testing small volumes of urine from ambulatory HIV-infected patients prior to starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa. Compared to a gold standard of sputum culture, the sensitivity of urine Xpert among those with CD4 cell counts of <50, 50-100 and >100 cells/?L were 44.4%, 25.0% and 2.7% (P=0.001), respectively. Urine Xpert testing provides a means of rapid TB diagnosis in patients with advanced immunodeficiency and poor prognosis. These data are indicative of high rates of TB dissemination and renal involvement in this clinical population
Post trade liberalization policy and institutional challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean
No full textArgentina, Chile, Colombia, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uruguay undertook extensive trade reform at a time of crisis, at which time institutional reform was difficult to undertake. Many of the countries had become members of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in the late 1980s and anticipated institutional reform. Only later did they reform trade policymaking institutions to bring them somewhat in line with trade policy regimes and GATT rules. These countries have all used reference prices and antidumping provisions of GATT, rather than safeguards, to provide relief from import surges. They have all tried to centralize trade policy by moving it from different agencies into a single agency. Despite liberalization, some sectors -- including automobiles, textiles and agriculture -- remain protected. Lessons the author draws from experience in these coutries: 1) the deteriorating macroeconomic situations are the main challenge to maintaining open trade policy; 2) trade policymaking must be constantly reviewed to prevent reversals, and the costs of protection must be communicated to the public at large; 3) There must be short-run measures to help domestic activities adjust to short-run price movements and alleviate pressure for protection. The danger -- such measures (unrelated to long-run price trends) can become permanent. 4) external commitments (through WTO or customs unions) can be used to discourage a return to protection; 5) extending reform (to labor and capital markets and the regulatory framework) will help maintain and extend trade liberalization. Allowing factors of production to move smoothly from one activity to another could help prevent the buildup of pressures that lead to protection; 6) an institution to consider exceptional protection should be advisory (independent of day-to-day trade policymaking), so that it works steadily, free from administrative pressures and exigencies. Requests for protection must be handled openly and transparently, with the findings subject to public scrutiny. Procedures for granting relief through safeguards and similar mechanisms must reflect all interests, including those of consumers, exporters, and users of the product; and 7) the analysis to establish injury must conform to high technical standards. The criteria to consider trade policies must reflect national interests, not those of any particular sector.Economic Theory&Research,Common Carriers Industry,Trade Policy,Environmental Economics&Policies,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Economic Theory&Research,Trade Policy,Environmental Economics&Policies,Transport and Trade Logistics
THE EFFECTIVE HAMILTONIAN FOR THE GROUND STATE OF AND NEW MEASUREMENTS OF THE FINE STRUCTURE SPECTRUM NEAR 1.2 .
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711; Chemistry Department Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 and Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794; Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK; Gottfreid-Wilhelm-Liebniz-Universitat, Institut fur Physikalische Chemie \& Elektrochemie, D-30167 Hannover, GermanyWe have measured rotational transitions in the ground, , electronic state of naturally occuring isotopomers of PbF in a supersonic free jet Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. The data for is particularly interesting because it is a candidate for a future experimental e-EDM measurement. To fit the data for this species to the measurement precision, the nuclear spin-spin dipolar interaction and a second term that can be equivalently viewed as a centrifugal distortion correction to the familiar Frosch and Foley hyperfine coupling terms, or an dependent correction to the nuclear spin-rotational coupling are required, in addition to the standard terms. To characterize the higher component of the ground state of PbF, we are attempting a direct measurement of transitions between the two components in a slit jet-cooled sample using a frequency comb-referenced extended cavity diode laser. This spectrum was originally detected in a hot source by Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy, nderline{\textbf{191}}, 108 1998.} but low transitions were unresolved at that time. Acknowledgments: Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was carried out under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Work by N. E. Shafer-Ray was performed with support from the National Science Foundatation award NSF-0855431. J.-U. Grabow ackonwledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Land Niedersachsen
Observation of the Decay B→J/ψηK and Search for X(3872)→J/ψη
No full textWe report the observation of the B meson decay B±→J/ψηK± and evidence for the decay B0→J/ψηKS0, using 90×106 BB̅ events collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e+e- asymmetric-energy storage ring. We obtain branching fractions of B(B±→J/ψηK±)=[10.8±2.3(stat)±2.4(syst)]×10-5 and B(B0→J/ψηKS0)=[8.4±2.6(stat)±2.7(syst)]×10-5. We search for the new narrow mass state, the X(3872), recently reported by the Belle Collaboration, in the decay B±→X(3872)K±,X(3872)→J/ψη and determine an upper limit of B[B±→X(3872)K±→J/ψηK±]<7.7×10-6 at 90% confidence level
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FINAL STATE IN K"" -p INTERACTIONS AT K-MOMENTA OF 1.22 and 1.51 GeV/c
No full textHigh-resolution optical and SAR image fusion for building database updating
No full textThis paper addresses the issue of cartographic database (DB) creation or updating using high-resolution synthetic aperture radar and optical images. In cartographic applications, objects of interest are mainly buildings and roads. This paper proposes a processing chain to create or update building DBs. The approach is composed of two steps. First, if a DB is available, the presence of each DB object is checked in the images. Then, we verify if objects coming from an image segmentation should be included in the DB. To do those two steps, relevant features are extracted from images in the neighborhood of the considered object. The object removal/inclusion in the DB is based on a score obtained by the fusion of features in the framework of Dempster–Shafer evidence theory
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