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Women's involvement in the process of their own childbirth in the Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka : research
No full textSvjetska zdravstvena organizacija (SZO) je 2018. godine propisala smjernice pod nazivom Intrapartalna skrb za pozitivno iskustvo porođaja (engl. WHO recommendations: Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience). Ključni elementi smjernica su skrb za rodilje s poštovanjem, učinkovita komunikacija, mogućnost pratnje za vrijeme porođaja te kontinuitet skrbi. Kroz smjernice se želi naglasiti važnost uključivanja rodilja u proces vlastitog porođaja što podrazumijeva pružanje jasnih i razumljivih informacija o tijeku porođaja i aktivno sudjelovanje rodilja u donošenju odluka tijekom procesa vlastitog porođaja.
Glavni cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati uključenost rodilja u proces vlastitog porođaja u rodilištu Kliničkog bolničkog centra Rijeka (KBC Rijeka). Ispitana je provedba međunarodnih smjernica SZO, povezanost između uključenosti rodilja u proces porođaja kroz informiranje i donošenje odluka sa zadovoljstvom cjelokupnog iskustva porođaja te mogući razlozi neuključenosti u donošenje odluka u procesu vlastitog porođaja.
Prikupljanje podataka provedeno je u razdoblju od 1. ožujka do 30. travnja 2025. godine putem online anonimnog upitnika distribuiranog na Facebook stranicama koji je izrađen za potrebe ovog istraživanja na temelju smjernica SZO. Uzorak čini 185 ispitanica odabranih metodom prigodnog uzorkovanja. Nisu uključene rodilje koje nisu govornice hrvatskog jezika te rodilje koje su rodile elektivnim carskim rezom.
Prema prikupljenim podacima, provedba smjernica prema smjernicama SZO za intrapartalnu skrb u rodilištu KBC-a Rijeka iznosi 68,29%. Utvrđena je pozitivna i statistički značajna umjerena korelacija između razine uključenosti rodilje u proces vlastitog porođaja i razine zadovoljstva cjelokupnim iskustvom porođaja (ρ = 0,53; p<0,001). Najčešći razlozi neuključenosti u donošenje odluka tijekom procesa vlastitog porođaja su nedovoljna vjera u vlastito tijelo i njegove mogućnosti te iscrpljenost.
Zaključno, unatoč naizgled pozitivnim rezultatima provedenog istraživanja, detaljnom analizom prikupljenih podataka može se uočiti model skrbi za rodilju koji nije potpunosti u skladu sa propisanim međunarodnim smjernicama.In 2018, the World Health Organization issued recommendations for intrapartum care entitled WHO recommendations: Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. The key elements of the recommendations include respectful care of the birthing woman, effective communication, the possibility of companionship during labor, and continuity of care. The recommendations emphasize the importance of involving the birthing woman in the process of her own childbirth, which entails providing clear and understandable information about the course of labor and actively involving the woman in decision-making throughout her childbirth process.
The main objective of the research was to examine the involvement of birthing women in the process of their own childbirth at the maternity ward of the Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka (KBC Rijeka). The implementation of the WHO international recommendations was examined, as well as the association between the involvement of women through information and decision-making during childbirth and their satisfaction with the overall childbirth experience and possible reasons for non-involvement in decision-making during their own childbirth process.
Data were collected from March 1 to April 30, 2025, through an anonymous online questionnaire distributed on Facebook pages. The sample consisted of 185 respondents selected by convenience sampling. Exclusion criteria included women who were not Croatian speakers, as well as women who delivered by elective cesarean section.
According to the collected data, the implementation of the WHO intrapartum care recommendations at the KBC Rijeka maternity ward stands at 68.3%. A positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the level of involvement of the birthing woman in her childbirth process and the level of satisfaction with the overall childbirth experience (ρ = 0.53; p<0.001). The most frequently reported reasons for non-involvement in decision-making during childbirth were insufficient trust in their own body and its capabilities, as well as physical exhaustion.
In conclusion, although the findings initially appear positive, a more in-depth analysis of the data indicates that the current model of care is not fully aligned with the prescribed international recommendations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
RELATION BETWEEN POPULATION MORTALITY AND INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION FROM 1960 – 2008 IN THE LABIN REGION WITH THE APPLICATION OF BIOETHICAL STANDARDS
No full textCilj istraživanja. Glavni ciljevi: istražiti povezanost smrtnosti stanovništva i
industrijskog onečišćenja na području Labinštine u razdoblju 1960. – 2008.; utvrditi
primjenjivost bioetičkih standarda u istraživanom području. Specifični ciljevi: utvrditi
obilježja smrtnosti na Labinštini u navedenom razdoblju; reklasificirati uzroke smrti
populacije na Labinštini za istraživano razdoblje prema MKB-10; usporediti
kvalitativna obilježja smrtnosti primarno istraživanog područja Labinštine sa
područjima Bakra i Malog Lošinja; usporediti primjenjivost specifičnih bioetičkih
standarda na temelju tiskanog medija.
Materijal i metode. Analizirani su sociodemografski podaci i uzroci smrti iz primarnih
izvora za Labinštinu te isti podaci iz digitalne baze podataka za Bakar i Mali Lošinj.
Ekološkim istraživanjem analizirani su i uspoređeni uzroci smrti u tri lokalne zajednice
za razdoblje 1960. – 2008. Za usporedbu uzroka smrti određena je dobno
standardizirana stopa smrtnosti. Uspoređeno je ekološki narušeno područje
(Labinština) i nenarušeno (Mali Lošinj) te oba ekološki narušena područja (Labinština
i Bakar). Pluriperspektivnom metodologijom i metodom deskripcije analizirane su
najtiražnije novine na području Istre za detekciju i primjenjivost bioetičkih standarda.
Rezultati. Statistički značajnu razliku prema udjelu pokazali su uzroci smrti iz
skupine Bolesti dišnog sustava na ekološki nenarušenom području Malog Lošinja u
odnosu na Labinštinu te uzroci smrti iz skupine Novotvorine na ekološki narušenom
području Labinštine u odnosu na Mali Lošinj. Usporedbom dobno standardiziranih
stopa smrtnosti prema skupinama bolesti nema statistički značajnih razlika u
uzrocima smrti između Labinštine i Malog Lošinja. Dobno standardizirane stope
smrtnosti skupina Bolesti cirkulacijskog sustava i Novotvorina značajno su više za
područje Bakra u odnosu na Labinštinu, dok su na području Labinštine više dobno
standardizirane stope smrtnosti skupina Bolesti dišnog sustava u odnosu na Bakar.
Zaključak. Uzroke smrti iz skupina Bolesti probavnog sustava, Bolesti dišnog
sustava i Mentalnih poremećaja na ekološki narušenom području potrebno je
dodatno istražiti te nastaviti kontinuirano pratiti usporedno sa studijama procjene
rizika i okolišnog monitoringa. Analizom novinskih članaka o ekološki narušenom području Labinštine primjetan je izraženiji bioetički senzibilitet na temelju
primjenjivosti bioetičkih standarda.Objectives. The main objectives: explore the connection between population
mortality rates and industrial pollution in the Labin region in the period 1960-2008;
determine the applicability of bioethical standards in the researched area. The
specific objectives: determine the characteristics of mortality in the Labin region
during the stated period; reclassify the causes of death in the population of the Labin
region for the research period according to the ICD-10; compare the qualitative
characteristics of mortality of the primary researched Labin region with the secondary
regions of the cities of Bakar and Mali Lošinj; compare the applicability of the specific
bioethical standards based on the newspapers.
Material and Methods. The socio-demographic data and causes of death from the
primary sources for the Labin region and the same data from the digital database for
Bakar and Mali Lošinj were analysed. The ecological study was used for the analysis
and comparison of data on the causes of death in the three local communities for the
period 1960-2008. The age-standardised mortality rate was determined for the
comparison of the causes of death. The ecologically disturbed area (the Labin
region) and the undisturbed area (Mali Lošinj) were compared as well as both
ecologically disturbed areas (the Labin region and Bakar). The newspapers with the
highest circulation in Istria were analysed using the pluriperspective methodology and
the descriptive research method for the purposes of detection and applicability of
bioethical standards.
Results. A statistically significant difference in the share was shown by the causes of
death from the group Respiratory system diseases in the ecologically undisturbed
area of Mali Lošinj compared to the Labin region and the causes of death from the
group Neoplasms in the ecologically disturbed area of the Labin region compared to
Mali Lošinj. By comparing age-standardised mortality rates according to disease
groups, there are no statistically significant differences in the causes of death
between the Labin region and Mali Lošinj. The age-standardised mortality rates of
the groups Circulatory system diseases and Neoplasms are significantly higher for
the Bakar area compared to the Labin region, while the age-standardised mortality
rates of the group Respiratory system diseases are higher in the Labin region
compared to Bakar
Conclusion. The causes of death from the groups of Digestive system diseases,
Respiratory system diseases, and Mental disorders in ecologically disturbed areas
need to be further investigated and continuously monitored in parallel with risk
assessment studies and environmental monitoring. The analysis of newspaper
articles about the ecologically disturbed area of the Labin region indicates a more
evident bioethical sensibility based on the applicability of bioethical standards
Zvonimir Maretić : život i djelo pionira proučavanja latrodektizma
No full textOvaj rad predstavlja lik i djelo internista i infektologa Zvonimira Maretića u svim područjima njegova predanog rada. Od klasičnog gimnazijalca preko medicinskog fakulteta do liječnika specijalista širokih svjetonazora i ideologija, uspeo se na najviše grane i sam vrh hrvatske i svjetske medicine čime je zaslužio najveće epitete medicinske i zdravstvene struke, istražujući izvan okvira svih mogućnosti te pretvaravši hobije u seriozan posao s tendencijom liječenja i brige za zdravlje čovjeka i njegove okoline, otkrivanje novih lijekova i općeniti napredak. Putovao je mnogo. Više poslom nego privatno, prenosio je svoje bogato iskustvo i znanje u mnogim dijelovima svijeta. U hrvatskom školstvu zapaženu ulogu ima kao profesor medicinskog fakulteta u Zagrebu i Rijeci. U mnogočemu je volio biti prvi. Otkrivati i stvarati. Proučavati, evidentirati i dokumentirati. Jednostavno svojom stručnošću i znanstvenim radom pisati povijest. Premda načelno cijenjeno, djelo Zvonimira Maretića, pionira infektologije i turističke medicine u Hrvatskoj, nedovoljno je proučeno i poznato. Ovaj rad, temeljeći se na analizi objavljene oskudne literature, ali prvenstveno na dosad neiskorištenoj obiteljskoj arhivi i razgovorima s članovima obitelji, nastoji ispraviti neopravdanu zanemarenost znanstvenika koji je prvi u Europi pripremio serum protiv ugriza crne udovice te time, kao i pripravom seruma protiv uboda morskog pauka i drugim svojim radovima, stekao svjetski ugled i priznanja. Ponekad se čini kako se ljudi doslovno zatvaraju unutar okvira svojih mogućnosti, znanja pa tako i struke, no Zvonimir Maretić bio je avanturist željan penjanja iznad svih granica znanosti.This paper presents the person and the work of Zvonimir Maretić, Doctor of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, in all the areas of his dedicated work. From classical grammar school through medical school, to a medical specialist of a broad worldview and ideology, he climbed to the highest branches and the top of both, Croatian and international medicine, which has earned him the highest epithets of both the medical and the health professions, exploring beyond the scope of possibilities and turning his hobbies into serious work with the tendency of treatment and concern for the health of man and his environment, the discovery of new drugs and progress in general. He has travelled extensively. More due to his work than privately, conveyed his vast experience and knowledge in many parts of the world. In the Croatian educational system he holds a prominent role as a lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine in Zagreb and Rijeka. In many ways he has liked to be the first. To discover and to create. To explore, record and to document. Putting it in simple terms, he has liked to write history with his expertise and scientific work. Although generally appreciated, the work of Zvonimir Maretića, the pioneer of infectious diseases and tourist medicine in Croatia, has been insufficiently studied and known. This paper, based on the analysis of the scarcely published literature, and primarily on the previously unused family archives and interviews with family members, seeks to correct an unjustifiable neglect of the scientist who was the first in Europe to prepare a serum against the bite of the black widow and with it, as well as preparing a serum against weever fish bites and his other works, he gained international reputation and recognition. Sometimes it seems that people are literally closing themselves within the framework of their capabilities, knowledge and their profession, but Zvonimir Maretić was an adventurer eager to climb beyond all the limits of science
Megaureter
No full textMegaureter je deskriptivni pojam koji označuje dilatirani mokraćovod. Definira se kao svaki retrovezikalni promjer uretera jednak ili veći od 7 milimetara, od 30.tjedna trudnoće na dalje. Klasifikacija se temelji na prisutnosti opstrukcije ili refluksa te prema uzroku. Četiri su kategorije megauretera: refluksni, opstruktivni, refluksni s opstrukcijom i nerefluksni/neopstruktivni, a svaki od njih s obzirom na uzrok može biti primarni i sekundarni. Megaureter se javlja nešto češće kod dječaka i to više na lijevoj strani. Primarni megaureter je drugi najčešći uzrok hidronefroze. Megaureter se obično detektira prenatalno kao slučajan nalaz. Djeca obično nemaju simptoma, a ako oni postoje onda su to obično rekurentne urinarne infekcije, bolovi u trbuhu, neobjašnjive temperature itd. Dijagnoza se obično potvrđuje ultrazvukom, a danas postoji i novija UZV metoda nazvana ceVUS koja je slična MCUG samo ne koristi ionizirajuće zračenje. Ako je potrebna daljnja obrada onda se rade još također i dinamička scintigrafija bubrega, MRU i fMRU. Inicijalno liječenje svih vrsta megauretera je konzervativno. Indikacije za kirurško liječenje su masivna hidroureteronefroza, progresivni gubitak bubrežne funkcije i neuspješno konzervativno liječenje. Postoje brojne metode kirurškog liječenja. Kod djece starije od jedne godine, reimplantacija uretera je metoda izbora liječenja. U početku se ona radila otvorenim pristupom koji je tehnički bio teško izvediv. S vremenom se razvijaju manje invazivne metode s boljim postoperativnim ishodima i smanjenom stopom komplikacija. Te metode uključuju laparoskopsku reimplantaciju uretera transvezikalnim pristupom i endoskopsku dilataciju balon kateterom. Od privremenih kirurških metoda tu su insercija dvostruke J-proteze, refluksna reimplantacija i postavljanje ureterostome.Megaureter is a descriptive term denoting dilated ureter. It is defined as any retrovesical diameter of the ureter equal to or greater than 7 millimeters, from the 30th week of pregnancy onwards. Classification is based on the cause and presence of obstruction or reflux. There are four categories of megaureters: reflux, obstructive, obstructive with reflux, and non-reflux / non-obstructive, and each of them can be primary or secondary, depending on the cause. Megaureter occurs more often in boys and is more commonly located on the left side. The primary megaureter is the second most common cause of hydronephrosis. Megaureter is usually detected prenatally as a random finding. Children are usually asymptomatic, and if symptoms exist, the patients usually present with recurrent urinary tract infections, abdominal pain, unexplained fever etc. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by ultrasound. Today there is a newer ultrasound method called ceVUS, which is similar to MCUG, but it does not use ionizing radiation. If further diagnosis is needed, then dynamic renal scintigraphy, MRU and fMRU are also performed. Initial treatment of all types of megaureters is conservative. Indications for surgical treatment are massive ureterohydronephrosis , progressive loss of renal function, and unsuccessful conservative treatment. There are numerous methods of surgical treatment. In children older than one year, ureteral reimplantation is the method of choice. Initially, it was done with an open approach that was technically difficult to perform. Over time, less invasive methods were developed with better postoperative outcomes and a reduced complication rate. These methods include laparoscopic reimplantation of the ureter by transvesical approach and endoscopic balloon dilatation. Temporary surgical methods include double J-stent insertion, reflux reimplantation, and ureterostomy placement
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Jelena Lužina, Milan Rakovac i Josip Šiklić, Čakavski sabor 1970. – 2020., Čakavski sabor Žminj – Istarski ogranak Društva hrvatskih književnika Pula, Žminj – Pula, 2020., 496 str. ISBN: 978-953-6858-92-7.
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Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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