1,721,036 research outputs found
Health and living conditions of refugees and asylum-seekers: A survey of informal settlements in Italy
No full textNewspapers and humanitarian organisations have long shown that many asylumseekers and other beneficiaries of international protection are forced to live for months or even years in precarious settlements that have sprung up spontaneously throughout Italy. However, there are no official statistics on how many asylum-seekers and refugees in Italy live this way. Our survey, carried out in 2015, is the first national survey of foreign nationals living in these makeshift camps. It aims to build a complete list of informal settlements in Italy and provide an estimate of the population size, characteristics, and living conditions of these settlements, with a focus on health conditions. The conditions of settlements are often very poor with deficiencies in basic supplies (water, electricity, and/or shelter). The survey reveals that, despite their generally young age, more than 50 per cent of the foreign nationals living in informal settlements have had health problems recently. Binomial logit analysis, using two different health outcomes, reveals that health conditions are associated with both personal and settlement characteristics. The poor living conditions of these foreign nationals, their unsatisfied medical needs, and the precariousness of their housing all demonstrate how the Italian reception system is creaking under the growing volume of migrants
Aspetti demografici
No full textIl VI Rapporto Migrazioni in Sicilia fotografa una situazione radicalmente mutata, non soltanto nella nostra isola, ma in tutto
il paese e a livello sovranazionale. Se da un lato la rinnovata attenzione verso le problematiche legate ai cambiamenti climatici
ha portato alla nascita di un processo dal basso che ha coinvolto milioni di giovani in tanti paesi, dall’altro l’adozione di misure
estreme per bloccare i flussi migratori (sempre più, peraltro, causati nel mondo dagli stessi cambiamenti climatici), ha
avviato in altrettanti paesi un processo inverso, che nega l’efficacia di un approccio globale, anzi, ne teme gli effetti
The effect of education on under-five mortality : individual and community-level effects in Bangladesh
Get PDFThis paper investigates the relationship between parental education and child survival, considering both the influence of the maternal and paternal educational level and the influence of community-level male and female education on under-five mortality. The research is focused on Bangladesh, a country where the impressive decline in the under-five mortality rate between 1990 and 2015 was attributed both to female empowerment and to the increase in the general level of education in the country. Using the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey from 2014, this paper investigates both the effect of individual-level parental education and of community-level education on under-five mortality, through a multilevel logistic regression analysis. Our results confirm the importance of individual-level education, with a stronger effect of the educational level of mothers compared to that of fathers. This last result disappears once we control for educational assortative mating. At the contextual level, the average level of female education in the community only slightly influences under-five survival, whereas male schooling does not at all impact the chances of survival of a child aged under five
Unprotected sex among female Italian uni- versity students: A «Calculated Risk»
No full textContraception is considered a rational strategy to prevent unwanted births. However, beyond the dichotomy of «planned» and «unplanned» pregnancy, behaviours are sometimes ambivalent or contradictory. The present paper inves tigates the reasons beyond the non-use of contraception in Italy by examining a large-scale survey of university students conducted in 2000 and 2017. The findings reveal a small but clearly defined group of young female students,
cohabiting with their partner and residing in the South of the country, who have a high frequency of sexual intercourses and do not deliberately use any contra ceptive method. These findings offer population-based evidence about the ex istence of a part of female Italian university students that, although not actively trying to have a child, are nevertheless fine to run the risk of pregnancy through unprotected sexual intercourses
Correlates of the non-use of contraception among female university students in Italy
No full textThe present paper scrutinizes the correlates of the non-use of contraception among young women in Italy. To this end we consulted two releases of Selfy (Sexual and Emotional LiFe of Youths) survey, which offer information for a nationally sample of university students. The results reveal that the likelihood of non-using contraception is higher among women living in the South and among those with previous experience of unsafe sexual behaviours. The risk of unprotected sex is also higher within a group of students who are relatively older than the others and live in a stable cohabiting union
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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