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Selen og folkesykdommer
Get PDFSelen er et essensielt sporstoff som mennesket trenger hver dag for å overleve og ikke lide av ulike mangelsykdommer. Den ideelle mengden selen ligger mellom 40 og 400 µg per dag. Selen finnes naturlig i jordskorpen og i ulike matvarer, slik at med en tradisjonell og variert kost skal det ikke være vanskelig å ligge innenfor den anbefalte mengden. Om selenmangel forekommer, kan også kosttilskudd som inneholder selen være et alternativ for å opprettholde nivået.
Om mengden selen ligger under den anbefalte grensen over tid, kan det bli utviklet selenmangel. Dersom inntaket av selen overskrider den anbefalte grenser over tid, kan det også utvikle seg alvorlige sykdommer. Selen har en dokumentert positiv helseeffekt på to endemiske kinesiske sykdommer, Keshan sykdom og Kashin-Beck sykdom. Disse sykdommene utarter seg i selenfattige områder i Kina, og det er dokumentert at tilskudd av selen i kosten kan forebygge sykdommene. Fokuset i denne oppgaven er om selen kan ha en positiv helseeffekt på ulike folkesykdommer i vår del av verden.
Det er i flere år også forsket på sammenhengen mellom selen og hjerte- og karsykdommer og kreft, og det finnes mange ulike studier som omfatter nettopp dette temaet. I lys av pandemien som foregår i verden, er det nå også startet forskning på om selen kan være med på å senke risikoen for å få COVID-19.Selenium is an essential trace element that humans needs every day to survive and tonot suffer from various deficiency diseases. The ideal amount of selenium is between 40 and 400 µg per day. Selenium can be found naturally in the earth's crust and in various foods, so that with a traditional and varied diet, it should not be difficult to stay within the recommended amount. If selenium deficiency is prevalent, dietary supplements containing selenium may also be an option to maintain the levels.
If the amount of selenium is below the recommended limit over time, a selenium deficiency may be developed. If the intake of selenium exceeds the recommended limits over time, serious diseases can also develop. Selenium has a documented positive health effect on two endemic Chinese diseases, Keshan disease and Kashin-Beck disease. These diseases degenerate in selenium-poor areas in China, and it has been documented that supplements of selenium can prevent the diseases. The main focus in this thesis is if selenium can have a positive health effect on various public diseases in our part of the world.
The connection between selenium and cardiovascular disease and cancer has also been researched for several years, and there are many different studies that include this very topic. Due to the pandemic that is taking place in the world, research has now also been started on whether selenium can help to reduce the risk of getting COVID-19
"Periodesystemet er et "kart" over materialer" Ungdomsskoleelevers møte med et undervisningsopplegg om periodesystemet
Get PDFFormålet med denne studien var å undersøke hvordan naturfagelever på niende trinn opplevde et undervisningsopplegg om periodesystemet. Den overordnede problemstillingen satte spesielt søkelyset på opplevelsen av kontekstbasert undervisning og meningsfull læring, og hvordan kjemiens tre dimensjoner kom til uttrykk i undervisningen. I studien ble det gjennomført et undervisningsopplegg om periodesystemet med en historisk vri og fra et makroperspektiv basert på et opplegg først utviklet i STEMkey. Elevene fylte ut et spørreskjema om hva de forstod med periodesystemet, samt at det ble gjennomført gruppeintervjuer for å få innsikt i hvordan elevene opplevde opplegget.
Resultatene viser at elevene så relevansen i den historiske gjennomgangen og aktivitetene som var gjennomført, og følgelig at en historisk kontekst kan være nyttig for læring. Det kom også frem at elevene syntes å introdusere tema med et makroperspektiv var hensiktsmessig.The aim of this study was to explore how 9th grade science students´ experienced a lesson on the periodic table. The research question is focused on the students’ experiences in regard to context-based teaching, meaningful learning and the three learning dimensions in chemistry. The study was based on a lesson plan on the periodic table with a historic twist from a macro perspective, developed as part of the STEMkey-project. The students were given a questionnaire bout their understanding of the periodic table, and students’ interview was conducted.
The results imply that the students perceived the activities within the lesson as relevant to the historic review presented later in the lecture. This can indicate that a historic context could be beneficial for the students. Additionally, introducing a topic through a macro perspective might also be contributory factor of the learning process
Selen og folkesykdommer
No full textSelen er et essensielt sporstoff som mennesket trenger hver dag for å overleve og ikke lide av ulike mangelsykdommer. Den ideelle mengden selen ligger mellom 40 og 400 µg per dag. Selen finnes naturlig i jordskorpen og i ulike matvarer, slik at med en tradisjonell og variert kost skal det ikke være vanskelig å ligge innenfor den anbefalte mengden. Om selenmangel forekommer, kan også kosttilskudd som inneholder selen være et alternativ for å opprettholde nivået.
Om mengden selen ligger under den anbefalte grensen over tid, kan det bli utviklet selenmangel. Dersom inntaket av selen overskrider den anbefalte grenser over tid, kan det også utvikle seg alvorlige sykdommer. Selen har en dokumentert positiv helseeffekt på to endemiske kinesiske sykdommer, Keshan sykdom og Kashin-Beck sykdom. Disse sykdommene utarter seg i selenfattige områder i Kina, og det er dokumentert at tilskudd av selen i kosten kan forebygge sykdommene. Fokuset i denne oppgaven er om selen kan ha en positiv helseeffekt på ulike folkesykdommer i vår del av verden.
Det er i flere år også forsket på sammenhengen mellom selen og hjerte- og karsykdommer og kreft, og det finnes mange ulike studier som omfatter nettopp dette temaet. I lys av pandemien som foregår i verden, er det nå også startet forskning på om selen kan være med på å senke risikoen for å få COVID-19
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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