127 research outputs found
Insight into physico-chemical properties of oxalatoborate-based ionic liquids through combined experimental-theoretical characterization
No full textIonic liquids (ILs) including oxalatoborate anions, like bis(oxalato)borate (BOB) and difluoro(oxalato)borate (DFOB) are extensively used in the battery sector as additives to promote the formation of protective layers on the surface of high-voltage cathode materials. In this work four ILs have been synthesized: N-ethoxyethyl-N-methylpiperidinium bis(oxalato)borate (PIP1,2O2BOB), N-ethoxyethyl-N-methylpiperidinium difluoro(oxalato)borate (PIP1,2O2DFOB), N-propyl-N-methylpiperidinium bis(oxalato)borate (PIP1,3BOB) and N-propyl-N-methylpiperidinium difluoro(oxalato)borate (PIP1,3DFOB) and their thermal properties have been linked to their structure. The presence of an oxygen atom in the PIP1,2O2 lateral chain suppresses crystallization of the ILs. Furthermore, PIP1,2O2DFOB shows a lower glass transition temperature than PIP1,2O2BOB. These observations have been explained using a combined molecular dynamics and density functional theory approach and an increase in the degree of freedom of the lateral chain of the cation due to the ether oxygen has been found. Comparing PIP1,2O2DFOB and PIP1,2O2BOB, a notable interaction between different domains of the anions is observed and is stronger in the DFOB case due to the charge-delocalization induced by the fluorine atoms, which generates a relatively positive charge on the boron atom. This is correlated to the weaker cation-anion attraction which hinders the glass transition of PIP1,2O2DFOB
IL DIRITTO DEL LAVORO NELLE IMPRESE SOCIALMENTE RESPONSABILI
No full textThe author starts from CSR definition as it is set by the Green Paper of the European Commission, where great importance is given to labour issures, in order to examine how it affects labour law and if, how and how much labour relationships may change in companiers voluntarily involvede in it. The expert in labour law is conscious of the importance of the change takin place, especially when the tespect of rules is connected to social and environmental sustainability targets, but he/she is also conscious of the risk of bargaining a lowe workers' protection
Growth performance and meat quality of buffalo young bulls: 2: effect of dietary level of maize silage
No full textGrowth performance and meat quality of buffalo
young bulls: 2. Effect of dietary level of maize silage
Felicia Masucci1, Carmela Maria Assunta Barone1, Fabio
Napolitano2, Maria Luisa Varricchio1, Antonio Zullo1, Antonio Di
Francia1
1Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, dell’Ambiente e
delle Produzioni Animali Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
2Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Animali, Università
della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Aim of this study was to evaluate growth performance and meat
quality of buffalo bulls fed two diets with different maize silage
contents. Compositions (kg/head/d) of low (LS) and high silage
diets (HS) were the following: maize silage 3.0 vs 10.5; alfalfa hay 0 vs 2.0; barley 0.25 vs 0.75; wheat flour middlings 1.0 vs 1.0; wheat straw 3.0 vs 0; commercial concentrate for lactating buffalo cows 0 vs 2.5; commercial concentrate for young buffalo bulls 4.5 vs 0. The diets were approximately isoenergetic [0.92 vs 0.91 Milk FU/kg dry matter (DM)] and isonitrogenous (14.7 vs 14.7 CP% DM).
Fourteen young buffalo bulls (316±70 days of age and 436±67 kglive weight) were assigned into the two dietary groups. Average
daily gain (ADG) was calculated every 2 weeks, along with DM
intake (DMI), calculated on pen basis. On a subgroup of 4 individuals per groups, carcass traits were recorded at slaughter. Meat quality (hardness, cohesion, chewiness, WB shear force) and
meat colour (L*, a*, b*) were evaluated on 7-day aged muscles
(Longissimus dorsi, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus). DMI
and carcass traits were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. ADG and
meat quality parameters were analyzed by a linear mixed model
for repeated measures. No differences were observed for diet DMI (8.41 vs 8.64 kg DM/day for LS and HS diets, respectively; SE 0.44), as a consequence ADG did not differ between the groups (0.92 vs 0.89 kg/day; SE 0.04). All carcasses had the same carcass conformation (O) and fatness (4) scores. No differences were observed for carcass traits (carcass weight 250 vs 249 kg; SE 8.13; dressing percentages 52.1 vs 50.6%; SE 1.1) and any meat quality parameters.
Therefore, maize silage can be either used as the primary
source of roughage or in combination with other forages without
affecting growth performance and meat quality
"Vuoti" e "pieni": la retribuzione e la parità di trattamento nell'ordinamento dell'Unione europea
No full textThe Author envisages the topic of pay from an Eu perspective by verifying how the exclusion of competence, which is still stated by the Treaties, combines with the principle of equal pay for women and men, which was already enshrined in the Treaty of Rome. The analyseis leads to interesting considerations. Firsto of all, the issue seems to run the blind track of competence exclusion not only beacause of a choice of non interfering with its determination, except for the equality principle, but also because the issue reaches an European dimension when referring to trans-national phenomena (such as, posting of workers and right to minimum wage). Most of all, this highlights the key role of equal tratment and of the prohibitions of discriminations, which have been progressively extended to a plurality of factors protected by the legal system and to the so called atypical jobs. The analysis of the proposal for a directive on GPG raises the critical aspects that collective bargaining implies. In fact, if pay is the typical subject of collective bargaining and if the systems of classification and professional placement are ones of its closest corollaries, the GPG is its direct outcome. This perspective necessarily implies the topic of the limits to contractual autonomy stemming from fundamental principles. The general rehearsals on this matter can be found in the "contracto on inserimento", as the law itself permits an exemption from the equal treatment principle. The point of arrival, at the moment, is represented by the omnivorous exception of art. 8 of the financial act of September 2011
Hades as the ruler of the Damned in the mosaic complex on the west wall of Basilica Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello, Italy
No full textThe aim of this article is to show the figure of the ancient god Hades as an important part of Byzantine symbolic representations of the Last Judgement, using the example of the mosaic from the west wall of Basilica Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello, Italy. The article is divided into three main parts. The first part briefly introduces the mosaic complex from Torcello, providing a description of the place, the Basilica, and the mosaic. In the second part, the author focuses on the fragment of the mosaic presenting the figure of Hades in hell. In an effort to show the iconographical and cultural continuity between ancient and early medieval representations, the author compares this figure to its ancient prototype. The last part of the article portrays the development of the motif of the Last Judgment by looking at other chosen representations. In conclusion, the author proposes a possible meaning of the presence of Hades in the mosaic of Torcello
Analysis of the pharmaceutical assistance cycle in Romelândia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
No full textThe Pharmaceutical Assistance Cycle (PA) is the basis for healthcare services through which pharmaceutical assistance and expertise can be implemented in a functional and structured way to meet public health demands, adhere to the Brazilian Ministry of Health vision, and strike a balance in the contemporary struggle for health equity. The aim of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of the PA cycle in the city of Romelândia (SC), through a study conducted at a Primary Healthcare Unit in the municipality. For the study, 120 patients (service users) and seven healthcare professionals were interviewed. The majority of patients confirmed that they were given advice and instruction on dosage during the dispensing process, as well as advice on the recommended use of medicines and course duration. A small number of service users, 4.1%, said that they received instructions on adverse drug interactions; 36.6% commented on a lack of access to medicines available in the municipal pharmacy, and 71.4% of the health professionals interviewed, identified non-availability of medicines in the pharmacy as the most pressing and telling problem facing the service. There is also no local Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee, and the only selection criteria is the Ministry of Health essential medicines list. Our study has therefore identified several weaknesses facing the city healthcare service, namely: the shortage of medicines; a lack of resolute professional communication between pharmacist and service user; a lack of patient counseling during the dispensing process, and a lack of communication regarding patient follow-up treatment and wellbeing.</jats:p
Epidemiología de la leishmaniosis tegumentaria en el municipio Quilombo oeste del estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
No full textA partir de una prospección inicial en sueros del banco de sangre del hospital Regional de Chapecó se definió el umbral de positividad de la técnica de ELISa para los estudios seroepidemiológicos. Se detecta un 4,5% de sueros seropositivos al antígeno de Leishmania y, junto a una encuesta retrospectiva realizada con la Secretaría de Salud y los médicos de la zona se localiza un posible foco de la enfermedad en el municipio de Quilombo donde se realizó el estudio epidemiológico. Fue aplicado el test de intradermorreacción de Montenegro a 444 personas. A través de la técnica de ELISA fueron analizados 337 perros y se realizó capturas de flebotomineos con trampas luminosas tipo Shannon y CDC y trampas de papel adhesivo. De las personas analizadas 63,9% presentaron reacción positiva frente a la leishmanina (Leishmania amazonensis) y 8,3% de los perros presentaron serología positiva. Nueve especies de Lutzomyia y una de Brumptomyia fueron identificadas. Lu.migonei y Lu.neivai fueron las mas abundantes representando 82,9% de las capturas. Entre las especies identificadas Lu.migonei es conocida como vectora de Leishmania braziliensis y de Lu.neivai, Lu.fischeri y Lu.shannoni se sospecha su capacidad vectorial. A partir de los resultados obtenidos entre la población humana y canina y la presencia de lutzomías vectoras en el municipio de Quilombo, se considera la posibilidad de un foco activo del parásito de carácter subendémico
Using moral dilemmas to evaluate adolescents’ moral reasoning: an experience with the structured dilemma
No full textOur research was developed with two different purposes, the first being the theoretical interest in the moral reasoning and judgment processes, and whether the development of these processes can be influenced by social and cultural variables; the second being a methodological issue concerning the possibility of finding a different way of obtaining quantitative measures of individual differences in moral development. We therefore built a 65-item questionnaire based on a moral dilemma with a lower level of abstractness compared to the Kohlberg and Rest dilemmas, and we tested it on a group of 51 adolescents involved in social care activities and on another group of non-social volunteer adolescents. Results show a significative difference in 6 items of the questionnaire concerning different areas.
The goals of this work are twofold: first, attention is given to the study of the development of moral reasoning processes; secondly, we construed a moral dilemma test used on a group of teenagers engaged in social care, compared to a control group.
We assume that the experimental group may reach higher score levels in the areas investigated by the test regarding the moral approach to the presented dilemma, and we also assume that a more concrete dilemma, as the chosen one in our questionnaire, may be more appropriate to test adolescents’ level of moral reasoning.
Following Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory (Kolberg & Lickona. 1976), moral reasoning can be explained in terms of development of moral stages during the life span. Kohlberg developed a peculiar technique to test and evaluate these stages with structured interviews based on moral dilemmas. For the author this methodology was a valid way to take a valuable measure of the moral reasoning level. Kohlberg’s research was mainly carried out with children and adolescents. A relevant complement of this theory was developed by Rest (Rest, 1987), who built a moral dilemma based test (DIT) with the purpose to obtain more accurate measures of moral development from adolescence to adulthood. This test is also implemented on moral dilemmas and uses a 5-point Likert scale to obtain quantitative scores of moral reasoning.
The Kohlberg and Rest’s theorethical and methodological perspectives were criticized by Siegal (1982) regarding the difficoult to put subjects in just one stage of reasoning and also the problem to clarly define the moral stage boundaries.
Another relevant point of view was addressed by Gick (2003) in relationship with the moral relativity that is deeply influenced by the society in general and by the specific situation in witch the subject plays a main role with his actions and perceptions.
We tried to build a bridge between the classic assumptions and these new suggestions. We implemented our background with the Theory of Planned Behavior/Reasoned action originally developed by Ajzen (1991) and adapted to social and group contexts, in relation with social norm violations by Terry et al. (1999) and the complex relationship between moral reasoning and moral behaviour (Birch, 1997).
We also considered the Social-Cognitive Theory of Albert Bandura and particularly the construct of “moral disengagement” ( Bandura; 1986, 1989, 1999).
The aim was the necessity to reduce the abstract level of the moral dilemmas from a never-experienced situation to a more concrete and experience-based situation that can be encountered by a high-school student in everyday life. Furthermore we took in account the Eisenberg approach (Eisenberg, 1987; Eisemberh & Fabes, 1991) to select the questionnaire dimensions, highlighting the aspects linked to pro-social behaviour, and the role-taking skills
Igiene delle mani e teoria del comportamento pianificato: adattamento cross culturale e validazione linguistica della versione italiana dell’Hand Hygiene Questionnaire
No full textIntroduzione L’igiene delle mani, pur essendo la procedura principale per il controllo delle infezioni, sembra
avere un tasso di adesione scarso. Sono state sviluppate molte teorie per definire la natura e la relazione
dei fattori che influenzano alcuni comportamenti. La teoria del comportamento pianificato è stata utilizzata
in altri due paesi per identificare negli infermieri i predittori dell’intenzione a praticare l’igiene delle mani
(pratica innata e pratica elettiva) in ospedale, attraverso l’Hand Hygiene Questionnaire.
Obiettivo Descrivere il processo di validazione linguistico culturale dell’Hand Hygiene Questionnaire per
identificare negli infermieri, attraverso la teoria del comportamento pianificato, i predittori significativi
dell’igiene delle mani associata ai contatti elettivi (puliti) e innati (sporchi) in ospedale.
Materiali e metodi Studio metodologico di traduzione e validazione culturale. La traduzione e l’adattamento
culturale di tale strumento ha seguito le fasi del modello proposto dall’Organizzazione Mondiale della
Sanità. E’ stato effettuato uno studio pilota per valutare il questionario negli infermieri che hanno approvato
l’adattamento culturale. E’ stata seguita una validazione qualitativa e quantitativa di contenuto.
Risultati Tutte le fasi del processo di validazione linguistico culturale sono state realizzate in modo soddisfacente.
Conclusioni Il processo ha seguito le raccomandazioni presenti nella letteratura internazionale. La versione
finale è stata approvata dall’autrice dello strumento originale.Introduction Although the importance of hand hygiene on the control and reduction of infections is widely
internationally recognized, the rate of adherence to this practice by health professionals has proved to be
very low. Many theories have been developed to define the nature and relationship of factors that influence
some behaviors. The Theory of Planned Behavior was used in two others country to identify significant
predictors of hand hygiene associated with hospital elective and hospital inherent contacts among nurses,
through the Hand Hygiene Questionnaire.
Objective Culturally and linguistically validation in Italian language of the Hand Hygiene Questionnaire to
identify significant predictors of hand hygiene associated with hospital elective (clean) and hospital inherent
(dirty) contacts among nurses, through the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).
Materials and methods Translation and cultural validation study. The translation and adaptation of this
instrument followed the phases of the model proposed by the World Health Organization. A pilot study was conducted to test the questionnaire in nurses who approved cultural adaptation. A qualitative and quantitative
content validity was performed.
Results All phases of the cultural-linguistic validation process was carried out in a satisfactory manner.
Conclusions The process meticulously followed the recommendations of the international literature. The
final version has been approved by the author of the original instrument
Apresentação ao dossiê Hidrelétricas nas Américas: dimensões sociopolíticas da interface saúde-ambiente
No full textPresentation to the Hydroelectric dossier in the Americas: sociopolitical dimensions of the health-environment interfacePresentación al dossier Hidroeléctrica en las Américas: dimensiones sociopolíticas de la interfaz salud-ambienteApresentação ao dossiê Hidrelétricas nas Américas: dimensões sociopolíticas da interface saúde-ambient
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