1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Children’s earwitness memory : The influence of age and emotionality
No full textThe present study investigated children’s abilities as earwitnesses, and examined the influence of age, individual differences, and the emotionality of the auditive stimuli on memory for environmental sound events. Sixty children participated in the study. Twenty-five children aged 7-8 years and 35 children aged 9-11 years were presented two environmental sound events: a car crashing and someone brushing their teeth. The car crash event was postulated to be emotional, and the teeth brushing event neutral. The sound events compiled six individual environmental sounds each, and the participants passively listened to the sound events through a headset. Participants subsequently completed the WASI. After a two week delay, children performed a cued recall, recognition and memory source monitoring task. Children in both age groups recalled and recognized significantly more sounds from the emotional sound event than the neutral sound event. The oldest children recalled significantly more sounds than the youngest children, but no significant age differences were evident in the recognition and source monitoring tasks. In addition, a correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between Full Scale IQ and performance in the cued recall task. Results generally complied with previous literature examining memory in the visual modality, and indicated that children were moderately accurate earwitnesses
Psykososiale vansker etter tap av foreldre i barndom og ungdomstid
No full textAt en forelder dør grunnet ytre årsaker slik som selvmord, ulykker og drap er en av de mest traumatiske hendelser et barn eller ungdom kan oppleve. Tidligere forskning har vist at de som har opplevd slikt tap har økt risiko for psykososiale vanskersammenlignet med de som ikke har opplevd slikt tap. Det er derimot mye vi fortsatt ikke vet omsammenhengen mellom tap av foreldre og psykososiale vansker. Denne artikkelen sammenfatter en rekke studier vi har gjort for å kartlegge hvorvidt personer som har mistet en forelder grunnet ytre dødsårsaker i barndom eller ungdomstid har øktlangvarig risiko for å få lavere utdannelse, psykiske lidelser, psykiatrisk komorbiditet, sykehusbehandlet villet egenskade, selvmord eller flere av disse problemene samtidig. Vi ønsket også å identifisere viktige faktorer ved dødsfallet som kan påvirkeetterlattes risiko. For å gjennomføre disse studiene ekstraherte vi data på individnivå fra fire norske longitudinelle registre, og gjennomførte flere studier med store, representative populasjonsutvalg. Studiene som sammenfattes her utgjør den mestomfattende undersøkelsen av psykososiale vansker hos etterlatte barn i Norge.
Tap av foreldre grunnet ytre årsaker var assosiert med en signifikant høyere risiko for å ikke fullføre utdannelse på alle utdanningsnivåer, bli diagnostisert med en psykisk lidelse, motta sykehusbehandling for villet egenskade og dø iselvmord. Etterlatte hadde også en signifikant høyere sannsynlighet for psykiatrisk komorbiditet og å ha flere psykososiale problemer samtidig. I kombinasjon viste resultatene at tap grunnet selvmord var assosiert med den høyeste risikoen. Somde første innen forskningsfeltet viste også studiene at etterlatte etter fall- og forgiftningsulykker harstørre risiko for psykiske lidelser og sykehusbehandlet villet egenskade enn etterlatte etter transportulykker. Det var derimot små forskjeller knyttet til kjønnet til den avdøde forelderen, barnas alder ved dødsfallet og kjønnet til det etterlatte barnet. Ilys av disse resultatene anbefaler vi at alle etterlatte barn og ungdommer rutinemessig tilbys oppfølgingi primærhelsetjenesten og skolesystemet, og at etterlatte ved selvmord rutinemessig tilbys tettereoppfølging innen psykisk helsevern for barn og unge. De omfattende og langvarige psykososialeproblemene som etterfølger tap av foreldre fremhever viktigheten av en mangefasettert, omfattendeog langvarig oppfølging av denne sårbare gruppen
Parental death by external causes and psychosocial sequelae in bereaved offspring
No full textChildren who have lost a parent due to external causes of death have increased risks of long-term psychosocial sequelae.
Losing a parent to external causes of death such as suicide, accidents and homicide is one of the most significant life events that children and adolescents can experience. There is still limited knowledge regarding the long-term risks of psychosocial problems associated with bereavement, and potential differences between different aspects of the death specifically needs investigation.
The aim of the thesis was to investigate the long-term risks of several psychosocial problems in people who had experienced parental death by external causes in childhood compared to people who had not experienced parental bereavement due to external causes. Register data from four national registers were combined, and children were studied from birth and into adulthood.
Compared to people who had not experienced parental death by external causes, people who had experienced such loss had significantly increased risks of lower educational attainment at all levels, needing hospital treatment for deliberate self-harm (DSH), being diagnosed with a range of psychiatric disorder and psychiatric comorbidity.
Parental suicide was associated with higher risks of DSH hospitalization and psychiatric disorders compared to other external causes of death. In addition, this thesis is the first to study bereavement from different accidents and found that parental death by accidental falls and poisonings are associated with higher risks in the bereaved offspring compared to parental death by transport accidents.
Increased risks of psychosocial problems were found in both daughters and sons, after losing a mother and father and following loss throughout childhood and adolescence.
The extensive and long-lasting sequelae following parental bereavement emphasise the importance of a multi-faceted, comprehensive, and long-term follow-up of this vulnerable group
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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