156,409 research outputs found
Caregivers Burden: Risk and Related Psychological Factors in Caregivers of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
No full textIntroduction
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of
autonomy which undoubtedly has a significant impact on the quality
of life of caregivers and parents are the main informal caregivers.
Caring for a person with PD is associated with an increased risk of
psychiatric morbidity and persistent anxiety-depressive distress. The
aim of the study is to investigate the burden on caregivers of patients
with PD, through the use of multidimensional scales and to identify
their personological and environmental determinants.
Methods
The study has been approved by the Ethic Committee of the University
of Salerno and informed consent for participation to the study was
obtained from patients and their caregivers. The study was conducted
at the Neurology Department of the A.O.U. "San Giovanni di Dio and
Ruggi D’Aragona" of Salerno between September 2020 and May
2021.
Materials
The questionnaires used were: a) Caregiver Burden Inventory - CBI a
questionnaire of 24 items that allows to identify 5 sub-categories of
burden (objective, psychological, physical, social, emotional); b)
Depression Anxiety Stress Scales Short Version - DASS-21
questionnaire consisting of 21 items and valid in examining three
distinct but interrelated areas (depression, anxiety and stress); c)
Family Strain Questionnaire Short Form - FSQ-SF is a questionnaire
of 30 items grouped in areas of increasing psychological risk (OK, R,
SR, U); d) Zarit Caregiver Burden Inventory - ZBI, consisting of 22
items based on the analysis of two main factors: personal stress and
pressure related to his role; e) Life Satisfaction, a single item that aims
to evaluate the degree of life satisfaction in a global way using a 0-100
Likert scale.
Findings
N ° 29 caregivers (M age = 55.14, SD = 9.859; 69% F) participated in
the study. 20.6% of the sample had severe and severe burden (CBI
score = M = 26.31; SD = 22.43) and 13.8% of participants had
moderate to severe burden (ZBI). The FSQ-SF highlighted a minority
of caregivers who need psychological support, in some cases urgent
(Area SR and Area U). The DASS-21 results show a prevalence of
stress-related symptoms (M = 10.90, SD = 10.712) compared to
anxiety (M = 7.52, SD = 10.752) and depression (M = 8, SD = 10.876).
There are significant correlations between some specific variables and
mean test scores: retired caregivers report higher ZBI scores (p =
0.423) and lower Life Satisfaction levels (p = -0.460) than working
caregivers; years of schooling show a negative linear correlation with
the ZBI score (p = -0.491). The T Test indicates that caregivers of patients with cognitive impairment are at greater risk than those of
patients without cognitive impairment.
Conclusions
Knowing the factors that affect the burden the most would allow for
early recognition of risky situations and caregivers who would need
adequate support
Australian burden of disease study: fatal burden of disease 2010
No full textThis is the first report in the Australian Burden of Disease Study series. It provides estimates of fatal burden for 2010 showing the contribution of each disease group by age and sex. The three leading disease groups were Cancer (35%), Cardiovascular diseases (23%) and Injuries (13%), and these contributed more than 70% of total fatal burden.
Summary
Burden of disease analysis is a way to simultaneously count and compare the fatal and non-fatal impacts of different diseases and injuries. It uses information from multiple data sources to quantify the impact on a population of illness and premature death from all diseases and injuries. It uses a summary measure, the DALY (disability-adjusted life year), to describe the resulting health loss. One (1) DALY represents 1 year of healthy life lost, either through premature death or from living with an illness or injury.
The last Australian national burden of disease study was published in 2007, using 2003 data (Begg et al. 2007). An analysis of the burden of disease in Indigenous Australians was last undertaken for 2003 (Vos et al. 2007). This update of Australian estimates builds on methodological developments in recent global and country burden of disease studies, modified for the Australian context. This report provides estimates of fatal burden for Australia for 2010; that is, the component of the DALY resulting from premature death. The results in this report are described for broad disease groups, age and sex
Caregivers Burden: Risk and Related Psychological Factors in Caregivers of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease. ICGBD 2022 : International Conference on Global Burden of Disease
No full textIntroduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of autonomy which undoubtedly has a
significant impact on the quality of life of caregivers, and parents are the main informal caregivers. Caring for a person with
PD is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric morbidity and persistent anxiety-depressive distress. The aim of the study
is to investigate the burden on caregivers of patients with PD, through the use of multidimensional scales and to identify their
personological and environmental determinants. Methods: The study has been approved by the Ethic Committee of the
University of Salerno and informed consent for participation to the study was obtained from patients and their caregivers. The
study was conducted at the Neurology Department of the A.O.U. "San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D’Aragona" of Salerno
between September 2020 and May 2021. Materials: The questionnaires used were: a) Caregiver Burden Inventory - CBI a
questionnaire of 24 items that allow identifying five sub-categories of burden (objective, psychological, physical, social,
emotional); b) Depression Anxiety Stress Scales Short Version - DASS-21 questionnaire consisting of 21 items and valid in
examining three distinct but interrelated areas (depression, anxiety and stress); c) Family Strain Questionnaire Short Form -
FSQ-SF is a questionnaire of 30 items grouped in areas of increasing psychological risk (OK, R, SR, U); d) Zarit Caregiver
Burden Inventory - ZBI, consisting of 22 items based on the analysis of two main factors: personal stress and pressure related
to his role; e) Life Satisfaction, a single item that aims to evaluate the degree of life satisfaction in a global way using a 0-100
Likert scale. Findings: N ° 29 caregivers (M age = 55.14, SD = 9.859; 69% F) participated in the study. 20.6% of the sample
had severe and severe burden (CBI score = M = 26.31; SD = 22.43) and 13.8% of participants had moderate to severe burden
(ZBI). The FSQ-SF highlighted a minority of caregivers who need psychological support, in some cases urgent (Area SR and
Area U). The DASS-21 results show a prevalence of stress-related symptoms (M = 10.90, SD = 10.712) compared to anxiety (M
= 7.52, SD = 10.752) and depression (M = 8, SD = 10.876). There are significant correlations between some specific variables
and mean test scores: retired caregivers report higher ZBI scores (p = 0.423) and lower Life Satisfaction levels (p = -0.460)
than working caregivers; years of schooling show a negative linear correlation with the ZBI score (p = -0.491). The T-Test
indicates that caregivers of patients with cognitive impairment are at greater risk than those of patients without cognitive
impairment. Conclusions: It knows the factors that affect the burden the most would allow for early recognition of risky
situations and caregivers who would need adequate support
New Methodology for Estimating the Burden of Infectious Diseases in Europe
No full textKretzschmar M, Mangen M-JEJ, Pinheiro JP, et al. New Methodology for Estimating the Burden of Infectious Diseases in Europe. PLoS Medicine. 2012;9(4): e1001205
Attitudes and burden in relatives of patients with schizophrenia in a middle income country
No full textBACKGROUND: Most studies of family attitudes and burden have been conducted in developed countries. Thus it is important to test the generalizability of this research in other contexts where social conditions and extended family involvement may be different. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the attitudes of caregivers and the burden they experience in such a context, namely Arica, a town located in the northernmost region of Chile, close to the border with Peru and Bolivia. METHODS: We assessed attitudes towards schizophrenia (including affective, cognitive and behavioural components) and burden (including subjective distress, rejection and competence) in 41 main caregivers of patients with schizophrenia, all of whom were users of Public Mental Health Services in Arica. RESULTS: Attitude measures differed significantly according to socio-demographic variables, with parents (mainly mothers) exhibiting a more negative attitude towards the environment than the rest of the family (t = 4.04; p = 0.000).This was also the case for caregivers with a low educational level (t = 3.27; p < 0.003), for the oldest caregivers (r = 0.546; p = 0.000) and for those who had spent more time with the patient (r = 0.377; p = 0.015). Although attitudes had significant association with burden, their explanatory power was modest (R2 = .104, F = 4,55; p = .039). CONCLUSIONS: Similar to finding developed countries, the current study revealed a positive and significant relationship between the attitudes of caregivers and their burden. These findings emphasize the need to support the families of patients with schizophrenia in this social context
Australian burden of disease study: fatal burden of disease in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people 2010
No full textThis report presents estimates of fatal burden for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians for 2010. Estimates of the \u27gap\u27 in fatal burden between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians are also reported, together with selected sub-national estimates (selected states and territories, remoteness and socioeconomic disadvantage).
Key findings
There were around 2,950 deaths of Indigenous Australians in 2010, resulting in almost 100,000 years of life lost to premature mortality (YLL).
In 2010, the rate of fatal burden experienced by Indigenous Australians was 2.6 times the rate of fatal burden experienced by non-Indigenous Australians.
Injuries and cardiovascular diseases contributed the most fatal burden for Indigenous Australians (22% and 21% respectively), followed by cancer (17%), infant and congenital conditions (10%), gastrointestinal diseases (6%) and endocrine disorders (5%). These disease groups accounted for 82% of all Indigenous YLL in 2010.
Indigenous males had a higher proportion of YLL from injuries than Indigenous females (representing 26% compared to 16% of total YLL). In contrast, cancer represented a higher proportion of total YLL for Indigenous females than for Indigenous males (21% compared to 15% respectively).
Deaths in infants (under 1 year) contributed the most to Indigenous YLL (12% for males and 11% for females). This reflects the influence of age at death on the measure of fatal burden. The remaining majority of fatal burden in the Indigenous population is in the middle aged; however, the highest YLL rates per 1,000 population are in the older age groups (aged 70 and over), reflecting higher death rates in these age groups.
Infant and congenital conditions accounted for the majority of the fatal burden among Indigenous infants (80% for males and 85% for females). Injuries accounted for the majority of fatal burden among those aged 1-34. Cardiovascular diseases and cancer were the two biggest contributors to total YLL for Indigenous people aged 45 and over. Endocrine disorders (which include diabetes) were also in the top 5 causes of fatal burden for Indigenous people aged 45 and over.
The diseases contributing most to the gap in fatal burden between Indigenous and non- Indigenous Australians were cardiovascular diseases (responsible for 27% of the gap), cancer (15%), injuries (14%) and endocrine disorders (10%). Together, these disease groups accounted for almost two-thirds of the gap in fatal burden of disease in 2010.
Endocrine disorders, and kidney and urinary diseases, had the highest relative disparities in fatal burden, with YLL rates for Indigenous Australians being 8 and 7 times the rates for non-Indigenous Australians for these 2 disease groups respectively.
Rates of fatal burden among the Indigenous population were highest in the Northern Territory and Western Australia (of the 4 jurisdictions for which YLL estimates are reported: New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia and the Northern Territory); and were higher in Remote and Very remote areas compared to Major cities and regional areas. Indigenous YLL rates were highest in areas where the Indigenous population was most socioeconomically disadvantaged and fell with decreasing levels of disadvantage
Estimating volcanic plume heights from depositional clast size
No full text[1] Tephra deposits retain a considerable amount of information about the nature of volcanic eruptions, with plume height commonly inferred from maximum clast size measurements. However, current methods for inferring plume height from maximum clast size lose some of the accuracy in measurements made in the field and have limited application when trying to constrain the uncertainty in these parameters. Here a predictive numerical model is used to determine plume height from maximum clast size found in a deposit. Plume height is an essential parameter for inferring eruption magnitude as it is explicitly related to mass eruption rate. We investigate the effects of different atmospheric and wind profiles, allowing the input conditions to be location specific for each eruption. The use of a predictive model reduces the uncertainty in determining plume height as it retains the detail of measurements made in the field and incorporates the uncertainty in these measurements in the results, in the form of a probability distribution. We have applied this approach to fall deposits from the 1991 eruption of Pinatubo, one of the few Plinian eruptions in which the true height of the plume is well known. The predicted plume heights are in good agreement with those found from satellite measurements. This new approach provides a method for determining plume height from poorly preserved fall deposits, from which a limited amount of data can be sampled leading to large uncertainties in the field measurements
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Burden, E T, NX55329
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/374711Surname: BURDEN
Given Name(s) or Initials: E T
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: NX55329
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 12052186086
Item: [2016.0049.07019] "Burden, E T, NX55329
A comparison of levels of burden in Indian and White parents with a son or daughter with schizophrenia
No full textBackground: Caregiver burden in mental illness is believed to differ between ethnic groups, but few studies have examined this in schizophrenia in the UK.
Aim: To measure burden in British North Indian Sikh and white British parents with a son or daughter with established schizophrenia managed in outpatient care.
Method: A cross-cultural cohort study measuring family factors, patient psychopathology and levels of burden and distress.
Results: Overall levels of burden were low with no significant differences between the groups. Burden subscale scores showed Indian parents were more affected by psychotic behaviours than white parents. The groups also differed on several sociodemographic variables.
Conclusion: In stabilized community patients, the overall extent of burden experienced by both Indian and white parents is low and comparable. However, Indian parents were more burdened by psychotic behaviours. This may be a result of co-residence as Indian patients are more likely to live with their families. Social and economic factors in the country of residence and levels of acculturation may also influence levels of burden and the illness behaviours found most bothersome by parents
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