1,720,960 research outputs found
Corruption, Deprivation and Economic Development in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThis thesis broadly examines the impact of lived corruption experiences on healthcare deprivation and tax evasion in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While Chapter 1 introduces the thesis, Chapter 2 examines how corruption causes healthcare deprivation in 29 SSA countries. Employing the fifth, sixth and seventh waves of the Afrobarometer survey spanning 2011-2018, I find that corruption in the form of bribe payments within the healthcare sector increases healthcare deprivation. Additionally, corruption experienced in sectors outside health such as education, police, public utilities and identification authorities, have adverse spillovers on healthcare deprivation. Furthermore, I show that corruption impacts healthcare deprivation through two key channels: Loss of income and loss of trust in public institutions. Chapter 3 utilises individual-level datasets to explore the effect of people’s lived corruption experiences on their propensity to evade taxes. I show that the likelihood of tax evasion rises by 19–39.5 percentage points for individuals who have paid bribes to government officials in various sectors–health, education, police, public utilities and identification authorities, compared to their counterparts who have never been extorted. Chapter 4 documents the spillover effects of firm-level corruption (unrelated to taxation) on tax evasion decisions, with evidence from 17 SSA economies. Chapter 4 also examines (a) whether and how corruption in tax agencies impacts tax evasion and (b) the key mediating mechanisms through which corruption impact tax evasion among firms. In contrast to the extant literature, I demonstrate that while corruption involving tax authorities rises tax evasion, corruption outside tax authorities (i.e., bribes paid to obtain operating licenses and secure government contracts) has adverse spillovers on tax evasion. The thesis concludes in Chapter 5 outlining key policy implications
Enhancing Teaching Through Innovation in the University: What Teachers should Know and Do.
Get PDFBurgeoning literature in education have shown an affirmed resolve of educators to adopt modern productive teaching approaches to ensure maximum learning outcomes. There is indubitably a serious need for teachers in higher educational institutions to focus on ways of enhancing teaching and learning. However, few researchers appear to have focused on the subject. This working paper, by employing the narrative design, examined the teaching enterprise with emphasis on moving from pedagogy to andragogy as a harbinger for the creation of autonomous self-directed adults. The paper advocates for pragmatic teaching strategies for teachers at this level. It concludes that university teachers must necessarily take advantage of the-now-increasing avenues for knowledge nourishment widely provided by outstanding journals, conference, articles and scholarly books among other knowledge outlets. Teachers are urged to profiteer from the wide range of polished teaching options espoused and circulated via the media. It is the paper‘s view that implementing contemporary teaching methods is the only panacea to tackling the current phenomenon of qualification inflation that has virtually led to the reduction of the academic currency among graduates. The paper‘s firm belief is that with innovative teaching methods, teachers desire for excellence in the classroom is already a forgone conclusio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitigating the impact of climate change on poverty in Africa: the moderating role of financial inclusion
No full textThis study examines the role of financial inclusion in mitigating the impact of climate change on poverty, using the ninth wave of the Afrobarometer survey across 39 African countries. Using a battery of econometric estimators to address the endogeneity of financial inclusion, we highlight the following key findings. We find robust evidence that financial inclusion significantly moderates the adverse effect of climate-related disasters (i.e., droughts and flooding) on poverty in Africa. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that this effect is more pronounced among females than males and in lower-income countries than middle-income countries. Uniquely, we argue and empirically demonstrate that having a personal financial account is a more effective climate-mitigating strategy for reducing poverty than having a financial account belonging to someone else in the household. We outline the key implications of these findings to guide policy and practice
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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