264,381 research outputs found
A first survey of the global population size and distribution of the Scottish Crossbill Loxia scotica
No full text"The survey was part-financed by Scottish Natural Heritage"A survey of Scottish Crossbills Loxia scotica was carried out in 3,506 km2 of conifer woodland in northern Scotland during January to April 2008 to provide the first estimate of the global population size for this endemic bird. Population estimates were also made for Common Crossbills L. curvirostra and Parrot Crossbills L. pytyopsittacus within this range. Crossbills were lured to systematically selected survey points for counting, sexing and recording their calls for later call-type (species) identification from sonograms. Crossbills were located at 451 of the 852 survey points, and adequate tape-recordings made at 387 of these. The Scottish Crossbill had a disjunct distribution, occurring largely within the eastern part of the study area, but also in the northwest. Common Crossbills had a mainly westerly distribution. The population size of postjuvenile Scottish Crossbills was estimated as 13,600 (95%C.I. 8,130–22,700), which will approximate to 6,800 (4,065–11,350) pairs. Common Crossbills were more abundant within this range (27,100, 95% C.I. 14,700–38,400) and Parrot Crossbills rare (about 100). The sex ratio was not significantly different from parity for Scottish Crossbills. The modal number at survey points was two but numbers were larger in January than later in the survey. The numbers and distribution of all crossbill species are likely to vary between years, depending upon the size of the cone crops of the different conifers: all were coning in 2008. Common Crossbill and Parrot Crossbill numbers will also be affected by irruptions from continental Europe. A monitoring scheme is required to detect any population trend, and further work on their habitat requirement (e.g. conifer selection at different seasons) is needed to inform habitat management of native and planted conifer forests to ensure a secure future for this endemic bird.Peer reviewe
Mixed effect models in distance sampling
No full textRecently, much effort has been expended for improving conventional distance sampling methods, e.g. by replacing the design-based approach with a model-based approach where observed counts are related to environmental covariates (Hedley and Buckland, 2004) or by incorporating covariates in the detection function model (Marques and Buckland, 2003).
While these models have generally been limited to include fixed effects, we propose
four different methods for analysing distance sampling data using mixed effects models. These include an extension of the two-stage approach (Buckland et al., 2009),
where we include site random effects in the second-stage count model to account for
correlated counts at the same sites. We also present two integrated approaches which
include site random effects in the count model. These approaches combine the analysis stages for the detection and count models and allow simultaneous estimation of all
parameters. Furthermore, we develop a detection function model that incorporates
random effects. We also propose a novel Bayesian approach to analysing distance sampling data which uses a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm for updating model parameters and a reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) algorithm for assessing model uncertainty. Lastly, we propose using hierarchical centering as a novel technique for improving model mixing and hence facilitating an RJMCMC algorithm for mixed models.
We analyse two case studies, both large-scale point transect surveys, where the interest lies in establishing the effects of conservation buffers on agricultural fields. For each case study, we compare the results from one integrated approach to those from
the extended two-stage approach. We find that these may differ in parameter estimates for covariates that were both in the detection and the count model and in model probabilities when model uncertainty was included in inference. The performance of the random effects based detection function is assessed via simulation and when heterogeneity in the data is present, one of the new estimators yields improved results compared to conventional distance sampling estimators
“Duel with a Shark“: Un’analisi della regia di Jaws
No full textL’articolo di Warren Buckland è l’inedita traduzione italiana del quarto capitolo del suo Directed by Steven Spielberg. Poetics of the Contemporary Hollywood Blockbuster (Continuum, New-York/London, 2006). In questo testo, Buckland propone un’analisi formalista del cinema di Spielberg dando conto delle scelte di regia, delle tecniche impiegate e dell’orchestrazione di tutti i materiali del film per rilevare sia la cifra personale di uno stile che la dimensione collettiva del lavoro cinematografico (in tal senso, Buckland si appoggia più alla manualistica tecnica che alla letteratura classica dell’analisi testuale). L’articolo isola alcuni segmenti decisivi di Jaws per mostrare la sua marcata compattezza stilistica, con particolare riferimento all’uso delle rime visive e al rapporto tra spazio e personaggi
M, D and I class locomotives leaving Sydney [picture].
No full textPart of collection: Buckland collection of railway transport photographs.; Probably 2nd Sydney Station.; Title from inscription on reverse.; Also available in an electronic version via the internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn4543833
Explaining Late Quaternary beetle extinctions in the UK using palaeoenvironmental databases for quantitative environmental reconstruction
No full textThe comparison of palaeoenvironmental and archaeological records of fossil insects with modern red data books can provide a picture of local extinctions. Buckland & Buckland (2012) performed such a study on the Coleoptera of the British Isles, using the BugsCEP database for the fossil data, and looking at broad chronological divisions. The ecology of these regionally extinct beetles, all of which are extant in other parts of the World, may be used to investigate the environmental and climatic changes which may have lead to their extirpation. This process can be semi-automated and habitats quantified through the use of ecological classification and a database infrastructure which links fossil and modern ecological and climate data (Buckland & Buckland 2006; http://www.bugscep.com). Preliminary results indicate that the majority of extirpated species with mid-Holocene records were dependent on woodland environments (Buckland 2014). These investigations can be refined by using narrower time-slices, interpolating dating evidence and including more comprehensive archaeological dating evidence. The expansion of the analysis to include the full assemblages found in the samples containing the extirpated species also allows for a more comprehensive picture of the long-term relationships between biodiversity, environmental and climatic change and human activity.Abstract will be published in conference abstract volume.BugsCE
A Theosophic Treatise On The Nature Of Influx, As It Respects The Communication and Operation of Soul and Body / By ... Emanuel Swedenborg. To Which Is Now Added, An Eulogium On ... Emanuel Swedenborg ... By Monsieur Sandel ...
No full textTranslated from the Original LatinDie Vorlage enthält insgesamt ... WerkeAutopsie nach dem Exemplar der ULB HalleVorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: London: Printed by R. Hindmarsh ...; And Sold by T. Buckland ...; J. Denis and Son ...; and I. Clarke, Mancheste
Explaining Late Quaternary beetle extinctions in the UK using palaeoenvironmental databases for quantitative environmental reconstruction [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textThe comparison of palaeoenvironmental and archaeological records of fossil insects with modern red data books can provide a picture of local extinctions. Buckland & Buckland (2012) performed such a study on the Coleoptera of the British Isles, using the BugsCEP database for the fossil data, and looking at broad chronological divisions. The ecology of these regionally extinct beetles, all of which are extant in other parts of the World, may be used to investigate the environmental and climatic changes which may have lead to their extirpation. This process can be semi-automated and habitats quantified through the use of ecological classification and a database infrastructure which links fossil and modern ecological and climate data (Buckland & Buckland 2006; http://www.bugscep.com). Preliminary results indicate that the majority of extirpated species with mid-Holocene records were dependent on woodland environments (Buckland 2014). These investigations can be refined by using narrower time-slices, interpolating dating evidence and including more comprehensive archaeological dating evidence. The expansion of the analysis to include the full assemblages found in the samples containing the extirpated species also allows for a more comprehensive picture of the long-term relationships between biodiversity, environmental and climatic change and human activity.</p
No. 3 and crane tender travelling north to clear the wreckage of a collision at Seymour, Heathcote Junction, Victoria, September 1935 [picture].
No full textTitle devised by cataloguer based on inscription.; Part of collection: Buckland collection of railway transport photographs.; Inscriptions: "No. 3 and Crane tender (ex J-classO galloping northwards near site of Lightwood Gates, near Heathcote Junction in September, 1935 to clear away wreckage of a collision at Seymour. I have a glass negative of this."--Typed label on verso; Buckland stamp on verso.; Condition: Yellowing.; Also available in electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn5739223.Number three and crane tender travelling north to clear the wreckage of a collision at Seymour, Heathcote Junction, Victoria, September 193
Buckland Park all-sky interferometric meteor radar
No full textCopyright 2004 by the American Geophysical Union.A VHF all-sky interferometric meteor radar system has been developed and installed at Buckland Park, South Australia. The radar is portable, allows a wide range of operating parameters, and can also be operated as a boundary layer radar. The analysis techniques have been developed using extensive simulations in an attempt to improve on standard techniques used by previous investigators. The results suggest that although pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) around 2 kHz allow meteor velocity and deceleration estimation, PRFs around 500 Hz maximize count rate and improve the quality of meteor echo height estimates for this radar. Typical results are presented, indicating the radar obtains annual count rate variation of between 9000 and 14,000 height resolvable underdense meteors per day.D. A.Holdsworth, I. M. Reid, and M. A. Cerver
Mixed train hauled by Shay locomotive number 3 with the tender first, Newnes Station, New South Wales, ca. 1930 [picture].
No full textPart of collection: Buckland collection of railway transport photographs.; Title devised by cataloguer based on information from inscription and other reference sources.; Inscriptions: "Mixed train at Newnes stn. Negative- enlarge to 5 3/4 (?) I. EMS?"--In ink on verso.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn4496481
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