1,720,998 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Personalized medicine in Multiple Sclerosis
No full textIn der vorliegenden Dissertation werden fünf Originalarbeiten zusammengefasst, in denen klinische und PatientInnen-spezifische Parameter evaluiert werden, die zur Generierung eines individuellen Profils der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) beitragen – dem „Innsbruck MS Profil“.
In der ersten Arbeit konnten zwei neue Prädiktoren eines ungünstigen Langzeit-Outcomes aufgezeigt werden: chronische Depression und kognitive Dysfunktion. Außerdem konnte gezeigt werden, dass die vollständige Rückbildung der klinischen Symptome der Erstmanifestation einen günstigen Langzeitverlauf vorhersagt. Dagegen ist das Auftreten einer Schwangerschaft im Verlauf nicht mit dem Langzeit-Outcome verknüpft.
In zwei weiteren Arbeiten konnte erstmals bewiesen werden, dass eine Erstmanifestation einer Multiplen Sklerose mit einem sogenannten paroxysmalen oder ungewöhnlichen Erstsymptom entgegen der bisher vertretenen Lehrmeinung keinen benignen Langzeitverlauf prädiziert. Daher sollten MS-PatientInnen mit einer solchen Erstmanifestation ebenso wie PatientInnen mit typischen Erstmanifestationen einer möglichst frühen krankheitsmodifizierenden Intervalltherapie zugeführt werden.
Eine weitere Originalarbeit zeigte, dass bei MS-PatientInnen, die unter einer Behandlung mit Interferon beta oder Glatirameracetat über zumindest 4 Jahre kein klinisches Anzeichen einer Krankheitsreaktivierung aufweisen, ab dem 45. Lebensjahr die krankheitsmodifizierenden Intervalltherapie mit einem geringen Risiko einer Krankheitsreaktivierung beendet werden kann. Auf Basis dieser Erkenntnis kann die Beratung von MS-PatientInnen hinsichtlich des weiteren therapeutischen Procedere in der beschriebenen Situation erfolgen.
Schließlich wurde in einer weiteren Arbeit eine klinische Testbatterie (“PeRiCoMS”) entwickelt, die eine Evaluation von Persönlichkeitsstruktur, Risikowahrnehmung und Coping-Strategien bei MS-PatientInnen ermöglicht. In einer Pilotstudie mit dieser Testbatterie zeigte sich kein systematischer Unterschied in Bezug auf Persönlichkeitsstruktur, Risikowahrnehmung und Coping-Strategien zwischen MS-PatientInnen und gesunden Kontrollen.
Die Resultate der vorliegenden Publikationen tragen signifikant zum Erreichen des Fernziels einer personalisierten Medizin in der Behandlung der Multiplen Sklerose bei. Bis zur Realisierung dieses Ziels sind allerdings weitere Untersuchungen zur integrativen Verarbeitung von klinischen und bildgebenden Daten, PatientInnen-spezifischen Charakteristika und Biomarkern notwendig.This thesis comprises five papers evaluating clinical and patient specific personal parameters contributing to the “Innsbruck MS Profile” project in order to create an individual MS profile.
As a first result, we were able to identify two new negative predictors for long-term outcome in MS – chronic depression and cognitive dysfunction. Additionally, complete remission of symptoms at disease onset revealed to be predictive for a favourable disease course. Also, it was reaffirmed that pregnancy does not have a negative effect on long term outcome in MS. Second, initial presentation with a paroxysmal or unusual symptom, which was long believed to be indicative of a benign disease course, does not indicate a favourable or even benign MS prognosis. Hence, identifying paroxysmal and unusual symptoms as possible first clinical symptoms of MS is paramount. Disease-modifying treatment should be considered early and treatment decisions should be based on the same criteria as in patients with classical onset symptoms.
Third, we could show that patients having been treated with interferon beta or glatirameracetate without evidence of clinical disease activity for more than 4 years and aged ≥45 years have a very high likelihood of remaining relapse free after DMT discontinuation. While we emphasize the importance of regular, close-meshed and thorough clinical evaluation, demographic factors and clinical monitoring allow stratification of risk for disease reactivation after DMT discontinuation and therefore give guidance in daily clinical routine decision making.
Fourth, we developed a testing battery (“PeRiCoMS”) evaluating personality, risk attitude and coping strategies in MS patients which is a feasible tool for studies and in routine practice. We did not find relevant systemic differences regarding personality, risk attitude and coping in MS patients, although this will have to be confirmed in future studies.
Finally, we believe that the presented research contributes significantly to the goal of personalized medicine in MS. Still, a lot of future research applying an all-encompassing approach including clinical data, neuroimaging, biomarkers and patient’s characteristics is necessary to enable true individualized medicine in MS.Dr. Gabriel BstehDissertation Medical Universität Innsbruck 201
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Personalized medicine in Multiple Sclerosis
No full textIn der vorliegenden Dissertation werden fünf Originalarbeiten zusammengefasst, in denen klinische und PatientInnen-spezifische Parameter evaluiert werden, die zur Generierung eines individuellen Profils der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) beitragen – dem „Innsbruck MS Profil“.
In der ersten Arbeit konnten zwei neue Prädiktoren eines ungünstigen Langzeit-Outcomes aufgezeigt werden: chronische Depression und kognitive Dysfunktion. Außerdem konnte gezeigt werden, dass die vollständige Rückbildung der klinischen Symptome der Erstmanifestation einen günstigen Langzeitverlauf vorhersagt. Dagegen ist das Auftreten einer Schwangerschaft im Verlauf nicht mit dem Langzeit-Outcome verknüpft.
In zwei weiteren Arbeiten konnte erstmals bewiesen werden, dass eine Erstmanifestation einer Multiplen Sklerose mit einem sogenannten paroxysmalen oder ungewöhnlichen Erstsymptom entgegen der bisher vertretenen Lehrmeinung keinen benignen Langzeitverlauf prädiziert. Daher sollten MS-PatientInnen mit einer solchen Erstmanifestation ebenso wie PatientInnen mit typischen Erstmanifestationen einer möglichst frühen krankheitsmodifizierenden Intervalltherapie zugeführt werden.
Eine weitere Originalarbeit zeigte, dass bei MS-PatientInnen, die unter einer Behandlung mit Interferon beta oder Glatirameracetat über zumindest 4 Jahre kein klinisches Anzeichen einer Krankheitsreaktivierung aufweisen, ab dem 45. Lebensjahr die krankheitsmodifizierenden Intervalltherapie mit einem geringen Risiko einer Krankheitsreaktivierung beendet werden kann. Auf Basis dieser Erkenntnis kann die Beratung von MS-PatientInnen hinsichtlich des weiteren therapeutischen Procedere in der beschriebenen Situation erfolgen.
Schließlich wurde in einer weiteren Arbeit eine klinische Testbatterie (“PeRiCoMS”) entwickelt, die eine Evaluation von Persönlichkeitsstruktur, Risikowahrnehmung und Coping-Strategien bei MS-PatientInnen ermöglicht. In einer Pilotstudie mit dieser Testbatterie zeigte sich kein systematischer Unterschied in Bezug auf Persönlichkeitsstruktur, Risikowahrnehmung und Coping-Strategien zwischen MS-PatientInnen und gesunden Kontrollen.
Die Resultate der vorliegenden Publikationen tragen signifikant zum Erreichen des Fernziels einer personalisierten Medizin in der Behandlung der Multiplen Sklerose bei. Bis zur Realisierung dieses Ziels sind allerdings weitere Untersuchungen zur integrativen Verarbeitung von klinischen und bildgebenden Daten, PatientInnen-spezifischen Charakteristika und Biomarkern notwendig.This thesis comprises five papers evaluating clinical and patient specific personal parameters contributing to the “Innsbruck MS Profile” project in order to create an individual MS profile.
As a first result, we were able to identify two new negative predictors for long-term outcome in MS – chronic depression and cognitive dysfunction. Additionally, complete remission of symptoms at disease onset revealed to be predictive for a favourable disease course. Also, it was reaffirmed that pregnancy does not have a negative effect on long term outcome in MS. Second, initial presentation with a paroxysmal or unusual symptom, which was long believed to be indicative of a benign disease course, does not indicate a favourable or even benign MS prognosis. Hence, identifying paroxysmal and unusual symptoms as possible first clinical symptoms of MS is paramount. Disease-modifying treatment should be considered early and treatment decisions should be based on the same criteria as in patients with classical onset symptoms.
Third, we could show that patients having been treated with interferon beta or glatirameracetate without evidence of clinical disease activity for more than 4 years and aged ≥45 years have a very high likelihood of remaining relapse free after DMT discontinuation. While we emphasize the importance of regular, close-meshed and thorough clinical evaluation, demographic factors and clinical monitoring allow stratification of risk for disease reactivation after DMT discontinuation and therefore give guidance in daily clinical routine decision making.
Fourth, we developed a testing battery (“PeRiCoMS”) evaluating personality, risk attitude and coping strategies in MS patients which is a feasible tool for studies and in routine practice. We did not find relevant systemic differences regarding personality, risk attitude and coping in MS patients, although this will have to be confirmed in future studies.
Finally, we believe that the presented research contributes significantly to the goal of personalized medicine in MS. Still, a lot of future research applying an all-encompassing approach including clinical data, neuroimaging, biomarkers and patient’s characteristics is necessary to enable true individualized medicine in MS.Dr. Gabriel BstehDissertation Medical Universität Innsbruck 201
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