1,720,960 research outputs found
Approximation results on resource leveling problems
No full textInternational audienceThis work deals with resource leveling problems. A set of jobs is given as well as a resource level representing a capacity that may be exceeded at some cost. Jobs have integer processing times, must be scheduled non-preemptively and consume one unit of resource while processed. More precisely, the objective to be maximized is the resource use below the resource level, i.e., the complementary of the total overload cost. Two main families of problems are investigated: either with or without precedence constraints. The case with no precedence constraints is shown to admit an EPTAS; a quasi-linear time approximation algorithm with constant ratio 7/8 is also provided. The case with precedence constraints is shown to be significantly harder to solve as it does not admit a PTAS under some classical complexity assumption. Approximation algorithms with constant ratios are provided for special cases with in-tree precedence graph or with fixed resource level
Anchor-robust project scheduling with time-dependent job durations
No full textIn project scheduling applications, data is often affected by various sources of uncertainty. Robust optimization allowing to find reliable planned schedules may be decisive to overcome imperfect data knowledge. The notion of anchor robustness, as introduced in the literature for PERT, makes it possible to guarantee schedule dates for a subset of jobs under processing time uncertainty. In this paper, anchor robustness is extended to a time-dependent variant of PERT where job completion times are functions of their starting times. It is applied to a generalization of processing time uncertainty as well as to uncertain non-availability periods. Three problems involving anchorage are considered in the case of budgeted uncertainty: checking that a given subset of jobs is anchored in a given schedule, finding a schedule of minimal makespan in which a given subset of jobs is anchored and finding an anchored subset of maximum weight in a given schedule. Polynomial time algorithms are proposed for the first two problems while inapproximability results are given for the third one
Resource leveling: complexity of a unit execution time two-processor scheduling variant and related problems
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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