15 research outputs found
Prognostic factors on post cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation in general hospitals
No full textRealizamos este estudo com o objetivo de analisar as principais variáveis clínicas dos pacientes que sofreram parada cardiorrespiratória e detectar fatores prognósticos de sobrevivência a curto e longo prazos, tentando oferecer subsídios aos profissionais de saúde que estão envolvidos com reanimação. Analisamos prospectivamente 452 pacientes que receberam reanimação em hospitais gerais de Salvador. Utilizou-se análise bivariada e estratificada nas associações entre as variáveis e a curva de sobrevida para análise de nove anos de evolução. Observamos 24% de sobrevida imediata e 5% de sobrevida à alta hospitalar. Os fatores prognósticos de sobrevida imediata foram: ter doença de base, a enfermidade cardiovascular, diagnosticar o ritmo cardíaco , ritmo de fibrilação ou taquicardia ventricular, tempo estimado pré-reanimação menor ou igual a cinco minutos; tempo de reanimação menor ou igual a 15 minutos. As variáveis prognósticas sobrevida a longo prazo foram: não usar adrenalina; ser reanimado em hospital privado;tempo de reanimação menor ou igual a 15 minutosThe objectives of this study are to analyze the main clinical and demographic characteristics of patients who suffer cardiac arrest and identify variables involved in survival outcomes. The study enrolled 452 patients, which received cardiopulmonary resuscitation in general hospitals. We prospectively analyzed the main variables associated with ROSC and survival to hospital discharge utilizing bivariate and stratified. The Kaplan-Meier technique was used to analyze the survival curves after nine years. Of the 452 resuscitation attempts, 107 (24%) patients had ROSC and only 22 (5%) were discharge from hospital. The variables with greatest prognostic value for immediate survival were: having a co-morbid condition, cardiovascular disease as the etiology, determination of cardiac rhythm, ventricular arrhythmia as rhythm of arrest, estimated pre-resuscitation time less than or equal to 5 minutes and the resuscitation effort duration less than or equal to 15 minutes. The variables associated with better long term survival were: not using adrenaline, being resuscitated in a private hospital and resuscitation efforts lasting less than or equal to 15 minute
<i>Preso sin nombre celda sin número</i> : inversiones simbólicas y el mundo al revés
No full textDuring exile and after being illegally held captive, Jacobo Timerman, the controversial director and editor of La Opinión, wrote Preso sin nombre celda sin número (1981). In his testimony, Timerman not only tells about his personal suffering but also evaluates and denounces the actions of those who chose to remain oblivious to the socio-political reality of Argentina. The author in his testimony presents a \u27carnivalesque\u27 context that has two objectives: first as thematic ambience that emphasizes the concept of parodic satire which corresponds with his vision as a captive, an intellectual and a \u27moderate\u27; and in second place, he deliberately avails himself of a symbolic discourse to underpin the riotous excess of violence
Effects of two roasts of coffee consumption on cardiological parameters in volunteers with coronary artery disease
No full textINTRODUÇÃO: Os efeitos do consumo de café na frequência e ritmo cardíaco, na pressão arterial e risco cardiovascular permanecem um assunto controverso. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do consumo de café filtrado nas torra escura e média na frequência cardíaca (FC), na frequência de extrassístoles, na variabilidade de frequência cardíaca (VFC), na pressão arterial, na tolerância ao exercício e em isquemia e angina em voluntários com doença arterial coronariana (DAC). MÉTODOS: Em um ensaio clínico randomizado e com crossover, comparamos o efeito do consumo de 450 a 600 ml de café nas torras escura e média em 41 voluntários com DAC, com idade média de 64,5 ± 6,7 anos, sendo que 33 eram do sexo masculino (80,5%). Após período de washout (período basal) e após cada período de quatros semanas de consumo de café (em ambas torras), os voluntários foram submetidos a teste ergométrico (TE), monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA) e eletrocardiografia dinâmica (Holter). RESULTADOS: O consumo contínuo de café não exerceu nenhum efeito deletério na isquemia miocárdica desencadeada por esforço no teste ergométrico. O tempo total de exercício (deltaT Exercício) foi de 566,59 ± 192,40, 599,39 ± 205,60 e 602,22 ± 210,24 segundos (s), respectivamente para o momento basal (após washout), após consumo de café torra escura e após consumo de café torra média (média ± DP, p = 0,002). Na MAPA, as variáveis encontradas após período basal, após consumo de café torra escura e após consumo de café torra média foram, respectivamente: pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) de 110,59 ± 12,05, 111,83 ± 12,89 e 114,32 ± 11,89 mmHg (média ± DP, p = 0,065); e pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) de 64,10 ± 8,99, 64,85 ± 9,31 e 66,27 ± 9,59 mmHg (média ± DP, p = 0,143). Os valores a seguir foram obtidos através do Holter após período basal, após consumo de café torra escura e após consumo de café torra média, respectivamente: FC Média de 67,38 ± 8,44, 66,51 ± 8,11, e 67,44 ± 8,54 (média ± DP, p = 0,59); frequência de extrassístoles supraventriculares (ESV) de 21 (75), 22 (59), e 18 (85) [mediana (intervalo interquartil), p = 0,77]; frequência de extrassístoles ventriculares (EV) de 8 (426), 10 (123), e 8 (36) [mediana (intervalo interquartil), p = 0,17]; e desvio padrão de todos os intervalos RR normais (SDNN) de 129,87 ± 32,82, 134,74 ± 30,90, e 128,31 ± 28,12 (média ± DP, p = 0,16). CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo, o consumo contínuo de café aumentou a tolerância ao exercício, não afetou de forma significativa a pressão arterial, o ritmo e a frequência cardíaca e não aumentou a frequência de extrassístoles ventriculares e supraventriculares. Com relação a presença de isquemia e/ou angina no TE, não ocorreram modificações relacionadas ao consumo de café em ambas torrasBACKGROUND: The effect of coffee on heart rate (HR), cardiac rhythm, blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk has long been a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dark roast (DR) and medium-dark roast (MDR) paper-filtered coffee on HR, premature complexes, heart rate variability (HRV), BP, total exercise time (deltaT Exercise) and exercise-induced angina pectoris in volunteers with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: In a randomized crossover trial, we compared the effects of consuming three to four cups (150 mL) of DR and MDR coffee per day for 4 weeks in 41 volunteers with CAD, with 64.5 ± 6.7 years old, 33 men (80.5%). At baseline and after each 4-week period of drinking, the subjects were submitted to treadmill test, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-h ABPM) and 24-hour Holter electrocardiograms (24-h Holter). RESULTS: The continuous coffee consumption had no deleterious effect on exercise-induced angina pectoris on treadmill test. The deltaT Exercise at baseline and after ingesting DR and MDR were 566.59 ± 192.40, 599.39 ± 205.60 and 602.22 ± 210.24 seconds, respectively (mean ± SD, p = 0.002). The analyzed parameters on 24-h ABPM at baseline and after 4 weeks of DR and MDR coffee consumption were, respectively: systolic BP of 110.59 ± 12.05, 111.83 ± 12.89 and 114.32 ± 11.89 mmHg (mean ± SD, p = 0.065); and diastolic BP of 64.10 ± 8.99, 64.85 ± 9.31 e 66.27 ± 9.59 mmHg (mean ± SD, p = 0,143). The following values were obtained on 24-h Holter at baseline and after 4 weeks of DR and MDR coffee consumption, respectively: average HRs of 67.38 ± 8.44, 66.51 ± 8.11, and 67.44 ± 8.54 (mean ± SD, p = 0.59); premature atrial complexes of 21 (75), 22 (59), and 18 (85) [median (IQR), p = 0.77]; premature ventricular complexes of 8 (426), 10 (123), and 8 (36) [median (IQR), p = 0.17]; and standard deviations of normal to normal R-R intervals (SDNNs) of 129.87 ± 32.82, 134.74 ± 30.90, and 128.31 ± 28.12 (mean ± SD, p = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, continuous coffee consumption increased total exercise time, did not significantly affect blood pressure, HR or HRV and did not increase the frequency of premature complexes in volunteers with CAD. Furthermore, continuous coffee consumption had no deleterious effect on exercise-induced angina pectori
El cumpleaños de nuestra soledad
No full textMy piece deals with the performance of historical memory in Chile. The following is excerpted from the book description by Yale University Press: \u27Writing Toward Hope\u27 is an anthology of contemporary literature - fiction, essays, plays, poems - by some of the most prominent and well-known Latin American writers. Each chapter is devoted to a particular theme, such as torture, exile, and women\u27s roles in Latin American. Writers such as Pablo Neruda, Isabel Allende, Nancy Morejón, Jacobo Timerman, Reinaldo Arenas, Elena Poniatowska, and Ariel Dorfman weigh in on issues of human rights and social justice in Latin America today. -- author-supplied descriptio
A enfermagem promovendo a saúde no cuidado a pessoas que vivenciam cirurgia cardíaca
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem.As Doenças Cardíacas vêm crescendo de forma assustadora nos últimos anos. Atualmente, apresentam-se entre as principais causas de mortalidade no Brasil. Entre as diversas formas de tratamento, sendo elas intervenções não-invasivas e invasivas, temos a realização da Cirurgia Cardíaca. A cirurgia é uma situação angustiante e única na vida do paciente e seus familiares. É evidente a forte relação existente entre a cirurgia cardíaca e o desgaste emocional do paciente e seus familiares, bem como a necessidade de envolvimento das pessoas que vivenciam este processo para que a recuperação e a reabilitação se dêem de forma efetiva. Entendo que cabe a nós, enfermeiros, auxiliar estas pessoas a compreenderem a situação pela qual estão passando e ajudá-las a entender que também são responsáveis pela sua saúde. Assim, a realização deste trabalho teve como objetivo principal refletir sobre os cuidados de enfermagem para a promoção da saúde das pessoas que se submeteram à cirurgia cardíaca e seus familiares, a partir do Modelo McGill de Enfermagem, cujo enfoque é a Promoção de Saúde, e do Modelo de Cuidado de Carraro. Para atingir os objetivos traçados, optei por desenvolver uma prática cuidativa - educativa com as pessoas que se submeteram à cirurgia cardíaca e seus familiares. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido durante o mês de novembro de 2004 em um hospital de referência da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Ao final deste trabalho, compreendi que o processo de cuidar e educar gerou frutos gratificantes. Entre eles posso citar o despertar do interesse das pessoas com as quais trabalhei, na busca da promoção de sua saúde. Acredito, também, que a presença de uma pessoa disposta a conversar, trocar experiências e conhecimento ajudou estas pessoas a vivenciar o momento de cirurgia cardíaca com mais serenidade e de forma mais participativa e consciente. Cardiac Diseases have increased in drastic form in recent years. Currently, they present themselves among the chief causes of death in Brazil. Among the diverse methods for treatment, whether they are non-invasive or invasive interventions, there is the challenge of Cardiac Surgery. Surgery presents a uniquely anguishing situation for within the life of the patient and his/her family. The strong evidence between cardiac surgery and emotional stress on the part of the patients their families; as well as the need for involvement from the people who face this process, in order that the recovery and rehabilitation are carried out effectively. It is the belief of this author that nurses have the capacity to assist these people in comprehending the situation they are facing and help them understand they are also responsible for their health. Thus, the completion of this study signifies an attempt to reflect upon nursing care towards the promotion of health of those who are submitted to cardiac surgery, as well as their family members, according to the McGill Model of Nursing and Carraro's Care Model. In order to achieve this established objective, the author opted to develop an educational-care practice for those people who were submitted for cardiac surgery, as well as for their families. This study was developed during November of 2004 in a well-known hospital in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Upon completion of this study, it was clear that that the care and educative process offers gratifying results. Among such results were the awakening within the people involved in the study of an increased interest towards the specific issues of the study, the search for health promotion, the importance of having someone to talk with, exchange experiences, and share knowledge as they go through the challenge of cardiac surgery in a calmer and more participatory fashion
Terrorismo de estado : a Argentina de 1976 a 1983
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias Juridica
Environmental toxicity, redox signaling and lung inflammation:the role of glutathione
Get PDFGlutathione (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH) is the most abundant intracellular antioxidant thiol and is central to redox defense during oxidative stress. GSH metabolism is tightly regulated and has been implicated in redox signaling and also in protection against environmental oxidant-mediated injury. Changes in the ratio of the reduced and disulfide form (GSH/GSSG) can affect signaling pathways that participate in a broad array of physiological responses from cell proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis to gene expression that involve H(2)O(2) as a second messenger. Oxidative stress due to oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and also due to environmental oxidants is an important component during inflammation and respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and asthma. It is known to activate multiple stress kinase pathways and redox-sensitive transcription factors such as Nrf2, NF-kappaB and AP-1, which differentially regulate the genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the protective antioxidant genes. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms for the induction of antioxidants, such as GSH, versus pro-inflammatory mediators at sites of oxidant-directed injuries may allow for the development of novel therapies which will allow pharmacological manipulation of GSH synthesis during inflammation and oxidative injury. This article features the current knowledge about the role of GSH in redox signaling, GSH biosynthesis and particularly the regulation of transcription factor Nrf2 by GSH and downstream signaling during oxidative stress and inflammation in various pulmonary diseases. We also discussed the current therapeutic clinical trials using GSH and other thiol compounds, such as N-acetyl-l-cysteine, fudosteine, carbocysteine, erdosteine in environment-induced airways disease
Hypothermia as an adjunctive therapy to percutaneous intervention after ST-elevation myocardial infarction—Effects on regional myocardial contractility
No full textABSTRACT: Background: The effects of endovascular therapeutic hypothermia (ETH) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) regional contractility are unknown, and its impact on segmental contractility has still not been evaluated. We sought to evaluate segmental myocardial strain after ETH adjuvant to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in STEMI. Methods: We included patients who underwent 1.5T cardiovascular magnetic resonance exams 5 and 30 days after acute anterior or inferior STEMI in a previous randomized trial. Left ventricle (LV) strain was evaluated on infarcted, adjacent, and remote myocardium. Segmental circumferential (CS) and radial strains (RS) were measured using feature-tracking imaging. Repeated measures of analysis of variance were used for comparisons within time and treatment. Results: Forty patients were divided into hypothermia (ETH, n = 29) and control (n = 11) groups, with 5210 LV segments. In ETH infarcted areas, RS (11.2 ± 16 vs 14.8 ± 15.2, p = 0.001) and CS (−5.4 ± 11.1 vs −8 ± 11.1, p = 0.001) showed recovery from 5–30 days compared to controls (11.4 ± 14 vs 13.1 ± 1 6.8, p = 0.09; −6.5 ± 10.6 vs −6.4 ± 12.5, p = 0.94). In control remote areas, RS (28 ± 18 vs 31.7 ± 18.5, p = 0.001) and CS (−15.5 ± 10.7 vs −17.1 ± 9, p = 0.001) improved from 5–30 days compared to ETH (28.6 ± 18.6 vs 29 ± 20, p = 0.44; −15.2 ± 10.4 vs −15.3 ± 10.6, p = 0.82). Transmural infarcted areas in ETH improved RS (11.8 ± 13.2 vs 8.17 ± 14.7, p = 0.001) and CS (−6.1 ± 10.9 vs.−3.1 ± 11.3, p = 0.001) compared to controls, with better contractility at 30 days. Conclusion: In anterior or inferior STEMI patients, ETH adjuvant to PCI is associated with significant improvement in RS and CS of infarcted areas, including transmural segments, but not in remote area. This might further increase our pathophysiological knowledge on early LV remodeling and ultimately suggest potential clinical value. Availability of data and materials: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request
