1,720,979 research outputs found
Civiltà materiale del XVIII secolo nelle voci dell'Encyclopédie
Full text linkDiderot and D’Alembert’s Encyclopédie used to give the same importance both to practical and to theoretical knowledge, according to a typical attitude of the Enlightenment. Historiography has sometimes undervalued this heritage. Today, with the scholars’ renovated interest in the history of materiality, the Encyclopédie can be fully recognized as a valid source also for material topics. Through the analysis of entries about turning point objects in ma terial culture – such as porcelain, cotton and galanterie – the author underlines a slower evolution in Eighteenth century material life, in comparison to the one generally indi cated by the supporters of the idea of a consumer revolution
Vivere a Napoli nel XVIII secolo: il Tribunale della Fortificazione, Acqua e Mattonata
No full textDuring the eighteenth century, Naples was an important stopping place along the European Grand Tour. The travel accounts then produced have been a major source for historians to describe the city life, because of the difficulty to find other sources. The use of these accounts spread a stereotypical description of Naples. But how far did this common opinion reflect the reality? Was Naples a truly different city from other European capitals? Did it suffer from unique urban problems? In this contribution, the author claims that the issues which faced Naples were very similar to the ones other cities had to cope with. Thanks to the records of a municipal office, the Tribunale della Fortificazione, it has been possible to look inside the administration of the city, concerning e.g. the care for paving streets, for water supply, for public hygiene. At the same time, a certain amount of corruption among public officers and the behaviour of inhabitants had not turned out to be a peculiarity of Naples. Instead, a distinctive trait can be found in the relationship between the geographical narrow shape of the city and its ever-growing population appears already as part of the social condition of the city, a handicap destined to become worse and worse with the passing of time
Il manoscritto di Giovanni Antonio Nigrone da S. Efrem Nuovo alla Biblioteca Nazionale di Napoli
No full textThe article is a first summary of the acquisitions on the history of the fountaineer and water engineer Giovanni Antonio Nigrone and his wonderful, unpublished manuscript, with particular reference to its transfer from S. Efrem convent to the Naples National Library
Cultura materiale aristocratica nel Settecento napoletano: l'esempio dei Carafa di Ielsi
No full textThe history of material culture is a field of research in which, nowadays, economic, social and cultural aspects of material life are studied together. An analysis of the inventories included in two civil trials attempts to reconstruct the material culture of two members of the Carafa di Ielsi (a minor branch of an ancient Neapolitan aristocratic family), who died respectively in 1727 and 1763. Some elements stand out: the different lifestyles in their urban or country houses; the signs of their cultural activities; the dual function of their jewellery serving both as an economic asset and for the ostentation of power; the social and symbolic importance of the aristocratic table; the display need for ceremonial dress. On the one hand, these costly elements appear to have stimulated the urban handicrafts economy; on the other, however, they led most of the aristocratic families to fall into debt
Le residenze dell'aristocrazia napoletana del Settecento. Indagine sugli inventari dei Pignatelli di Monteleone
No full textThe present paper analyzes six inventories relative to residences in the Kingdom of Naples belonging to the Monteleone branch of the Pignatelli family – inventories going back to the first half of the 18th century. Comparing them allows hypotheses to be made as to how much importance these aristocrats attributed to each of their residences. As Gerard Labrot has shown, there was clearly a falling off in expenditures for the feudal castle in Monteleone, of which the deteriorating condition of the furnishings offers ample evidence. On the other hand, the inventories bear witness to the dukes’ growing fondness for their new vacation residence in Barra, a luxurious villa, enriched by the presence of a garden park with exotic animals and a private game reserve. However, the main residence for their aristocratic life was in the capital city of the realm, for it was there that the most treasured objects were held, like the picture gallery and the library, and family memories preserved
Attraverso i secoli, oltre i confini: una storia dei consumi
Full text linkThe article reviews Frank Trentmann's The Empire of things. How we became a world of consumers, from the Fifteenth century to the Twenty-first. After having contextualised the book in the most recent historiographical trends, the paper focuses on its content, highlighting strengths and weaknesses of the author's main hypothesis
Definire l'identità: oggetti e consumi nel XVIII secolo napoletano
No full textThe paper analyses how the gender was reflected on objects and conversely it poses the question about how much the gender identity was influenced by objects in the Eighteenth centur
Le ricchezze degli avi : cultura materiale della società napoletana nel Settecento
Full text link[Italiano]: La cultura, come ha affermato Carlo Ginzburg, non è solo la sapienza dei dotti, ma anche quel «complesso di atteggiamenti, credenze, codici di comportamento» che caratterizza una popolazione. Una delle sue espressioni fondamentali è costituita dagli oggetti.
Utilizzando la materialità come chiave di accesso, il volume indaga la storia della società napoletana durante il Settecento in alcune delle sue molteplici articolazioni: aristocrazia, togati, ceto medio e popolo.
L’idea di definire con precisione le componenti della società di antico regime si è ormai dimostrata utopistica, anche perché i criteri di definizione e di legittimazione erano allora molteplici e variegati: attestazioni giuridiche, occupazione, provenienza geografica, potere economico. In questo complicato universo, il possesso di specifici beni costituiva un elemento importante nel definire l’appartenenza degli individui a un gruppo, in quanto assunzione di un comune stile di vita, ma soprattutto in quanto condivisione di elementi ideali.
Le ricchezze da cui è possibile cogliere queste dinamiche socio-culturali, lasciate in eredità e annotate negli inventari, non erano solo costituite da sontuosi gioielli o abiti sfarzosi; potevano essere anche cucchiai di ferro, crocifissi di piombo o perle di vetro colorato. Eppure, quali che fossero le loro caratteristiche, gli oggetti non avevano solo un valore economico, ma erano anche portatori di significati simbolici./[English]: According to Carlo Ginzburg, culture is not only the scholars’ knowledge, but it is also made of all the mixture of a population attitudes, beliefs and behaviours. In this sense, objects are one of the culture’s main expressions. Using materiality as a key, the volume analyses the history of the Neapolitan society during the Eighteenth century in some of its multiple articulations: aristocracy, law men, middle class, lower class. The idea of defining the strata of the ancien regime society is now considered unfeasible, partly because the criteria of definition and legitimation were multiple and different at the time: legal certifications, occupation, geographical origin, wealth. In this complicated universe, owning specific goods was part of the process of definition of the individual affiliation to a group, in terms of having a similar life style, as well as adopting the same ideals. The objects, inherited and annotated into inventories, useful to understand this phaenomenon, were not only precious dresses and jewels, but also iron spoons, lead cruxes, or glass beads. Despite their physical features, the value of these goods was not just economic; it stands also in the symbolic meaning they carried
Le molte anime delle strade. Pluralità giurisdizionale e spazio del privilegio a Napoli nel Settecento
Full text linkThe urban space of the Ancien Régime is now increasingly studied in view of the jurisdictional pluralism that characterised it. Based on this observation, the article analyses the powers that insisted on certain portions of the territory of a great metropolis in the 18th century: Naples. These portions depended on the Fondo della Separazione de' Lucri Militari, an institution created in 1737 by Charles of Bourbon as an instrument for managing military infrastructures. By studying the interactions between the new special jurisdiction created with the Fondo and the pre-existing ones (ordinary municipal and regal), the essay analyses the political confrontation and the ways in which social actors attempted to exploit the different jurisdictions to their own advantage
"...et altre cose che non son degne di essere notate". Il popolo napoletano e la sua cultura materiale
No full textThe article is an inquiry on the material culture of the lower strata of the Neapolitan society in the Eighteenth century. Through the analysis of probate inventories it questions some of the main stereotypes on their identity and everyday life
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