251 research outputs found
Reconstruction of Bering Strait volume transport suggesting the contribution of Bering Sea continental shelf to the pressure head forcing
No full textThe author reconstructed in-situ volume transport (VT) through the Bering Strait using the NNW wind component, the gradient of dynamic ocean topography (DOT) across the strait and DOT in the East Siberian Sea (RMSE = 0.2 Sv). The difference between in-situ VT and reconstructed VT (diffVT) was correlated with DOT in the northern Bering Sea shelf (DOTBER) during fall and winter. DOTBER was then introduced to the multiple linear regression model. The reconstructed VT shows the improved accuracy of reconstruction (RMSE = 0.16). Also, the author found DOTBER contributes to constant northward transport rather than the variability of in-situ VT. Those suggest that DOTBER represents a part of the pressure head forcing. EOF 1st mode of DOT (DOT-EOF1) was correlated with diffVT during fall season. SVD analysis revealed EOF 2nd mode of DOT is related to the Aleutian Low pressure pattern, but DOT-EOF1 is not related to the atmospheric circulation. The author found that positive correlation (R = 0.46) between DOT-EOF1 and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Those suggest that the variability of DOT in the Bering Sea shelf related to the pressure head forcing is considered to be resulted from steric variability.journal articl
PICES Press, Vol. 20, No. 2, Summer 2012
No full text•The 2012 Inter-sessional Science Board Meeting: A Note from Science Board Chairman (pp. 1-4)
◾PICES Interns (p. 4)
◾2012 Inter-sessional Workshop on a Roadmap for FUTURE (pp. 5-8)
◾Second Symposium on “Effects of Climate Change on the World’s Oceans” (pp. 9-13)
◾2012 Yeosu Workshop on “Framework for Ocean Observing” (pp. 14-15)
◾2012 Yeosu Workshop on “Climate Change Projections” (pp. 16-17)
◾2012 Yeosu Workshop on “Coastal Blue Carbon” (pp. 18-20)
◾Polar Comparisons: Summary of 2012 Yeosu Workshop (pp. 21-23)
◾2012 Yeosu Workshop on “Climate Change and Range Shifts in the Oceans" (pp. 24-27)
◾2012 Yeosu Workshop on “Beyond Dispersion” (pp. 28-30)
◾2012 Yeosu Workshop on “Public Perception of Climate Change” (pp. 31, 50)
◾PICES Working Group 20: Accomplishments and Legacy (pp. 32-33)
◾The State of the Western North Pacific in the Second Half of 2011 (pp. 34-35)
◾Another Cold Winter in the Gulf of Alaska (pp. 36-37)
◾The Bering Sea: Current Status and Recent Events (pp. 38-40)
◾PICES/ICES 2012 Conference for Early Career Marine Scientists (pp. 41-43)
◾Completion of the PICES Seafood Safety Project – Indonesia (pp. 44-46)
◾Oceanography Improves Salmon Forecasts (p. 47)
◾2012 GEOHAB Open Science Meeting (p. 48-50)
◾Shin-ichi Ito awarded 2011 Uda Prize (p. 50
LEGAL REGIME OF THE BERING STRAIT AND SECURITY OF NAVIGATION
No full textObjective: to establish the legal regime and security of navigation in the Bering Strait.Methods: formal logical method, systemic method, comparative legal method, statistical method.Results: in the recent years, specialized publications contain numerous publications on the problems of development of Arctic shipping and the future intensification of the use of the Northern Sea Route. Whatever Arctic routes may be chosen by the skippers, the vessels will have to overcome the narrowness of the Bering Strait. If the existing estimates are reasonable, and the navigation of the North-West Sea Passage will increase, it is appropriate to ask whether the legal regime and security means are adapted to the possible increase of commercial shipping and military navigation. In this respect, the author formulates the legal measures aimed at ensuring security in the Bering Strait area with the account of growing cargo traffic. Scientific novelty: for the first time the article proves the necessity to include into the Bering Strait area the territories, bounded from the north by the east and west passages formed by the Diomede Islands and continental coasts of the Russian Federation and the United States and from the south - by the passages between the Cape of Chukotka and Cape Sevuokuk of St. Lawrence Island, Cape Sivuka and the mainland of Alaska, in order to protect the sea natural landscape and to ensure the maritime safety. The opinion is substantiated about the necessity to equip the marine passages, forming the waters of the Bering Strait, with a security system. The proposed legal regime of ensuring the safety of navigation in the Bering Strait, which includes the common navigation rules, establishing the areas of the vessel traffic separation, designation of areas of marine reserves and organizational-legal means for damping the dangerous situations.Practical significance: the findings and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, educational and law enforcement practice in the con-sideration of the issue of the legal regime of the Bering Strait and the safety of navigation
An introduction and overview of the Bering Sea Project : volume IV
No full text© The Author(s), 2016. This is the author's version of the work and is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 134 (2016): 3-12, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.09.002.The seasonal rhythm of sea-ice advance and retreat in the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) moves ice hundreds of kilometers across the broad continental shelf and exerts a powerful influence on the ecology of these waters. In winter, the combination of latitude, geology, winds, and ocean currents produces ice cover extending far into the southern Bering Sea. In the spring and summer, retreating ice, longer daylight hours, and nutrient-rich ocean water result in exceptionally high marine production, vital to both sea life and people. The intense burst of spring production, together with more episodic summer and early fall production, provides the energy that powers the complex food web and ultimately sustains nearly half of the US annual commercial fish landings, as well as providing food and cultural value to thousands of Bering Sea coastal and island residents.Finally,
we
acknowledge
the
National
Science
Foundation
(NSF
Award
No.
1308087)
and
the
North
Pacific
Research
Board
(NPRB)
for
author
support
during
the
concluding
phase
of
the
Bering
Sea
Project,
and
we
thank
many
colleagues
at
NSF,
NPRB,
and
NOAA
for
their
management
partnership
and
expertise.
Funding
for
the
Bering
Sea
Project
was
provided
by
NSF
and
NPRB,
with
in-‐kind
contribution
from
participants.2018-09-1
Når troen får øjne. En studie i Grundtvigs salmer
No full textNår troen får øjne. En studie i Grundtvigs salmerTherese Bering SoltenWhen Faith Gets Eyes – a Study in Grundtvig’s HymnsThis article summarizes main points from Therese Bering Solten’s PhD thesis about how, through the use of hermeneutics and genre criticism, Grundtvig’s hymns can be read as poetic theology. The hymns work thematicallythrough the relationship between the visible and the invisible, conceptions residing in a continuum stretching between the concrete, sensory images and abstract, intelligible concepts. How hymns operate is determined by how faith is depicted in images and ideas. As part of an effort to understand faith cognition or vision, Solten interprets the hymns as descriptions of what or how the eyes of faith see. The author assumes that this effort is not exclusive to the content of hymns; it is a matter of how hymns affect readers (singers) and therefore how hymns can be described as texts. To establish a methodological basis, Solten refers to recent genre theory and literary theory and Paul Ricoeur’s philosophical hermeneutics. Poetic theology provides a lens for seeing that even though the hymn text’s matter and form are two separate aspects of the text, the hymn exists as an indivisible whole. Solten provides a series of analytical examples from the thesis to illustrate further how hymns function and how they should not be translated only to discover their embedded theology. The overall aim of hymn interpretation, however, is to demonstrate the ways in which the reading of these texts as poetry can provide theological insights
Stratification in the northern Bering Sea in early summer of 2017 and 2018
No full textWe investigated spatial and interannual variation in the physical environment in the northern Bering Sea focusing on stratification, which is one factor affecting biological production in Arctic/subarctic regions. In particular, we analyzed in situ data obtained onboard the training ship Oshoro Maru in early summer in 2017 and 2018. We found that stratification in the areas just north of St. Lawrence Island (around 64.5 degrees N and west of 168.5 degrees W) and south/southwest of St. Lawrence Island was significantly weaker in 2018 than in 2017. These results are consistent with the extremely low sea-ice extent present in the winter of 2017/2018, which would have resulted in less freshwater being supplied to the surface layers and a warmer and less saline bottom water. Conversely, stratification was as strong in 2018 as in 2017 in the area close to the Alaska mainland, including the Bering Strait area, suggesting that the Alaskan Coastal Water dominates stratification in this area in early summer. Moreover, we found that the weakly stratified water column in the Bering Strait area stratified quickly shortly after the occurrence of strong northerly winds, likely because of the Ekman transport of warm and low-salinity Alaskan Coastal Water from the east
Spatial changes in the summer diatom community of the northern Bering Sea in 2017 and 2018
No full textIn recent years, the northern Bering Sea has experienced changes in the timing of sea-ice retreat and in hydrographic conditions during the summer. The influence of these environmental changes on the diatom community has not been examined. In this study, we investigated the spatial changes in the diatom community of the northern Bering Sea during the summers of 2017 and 2018, and evaluated the effects of environmental variability on these communities. We found that the diatom cell density and diversity varied with water masses. A cluster analysis based on cell density revealed that the diatom communities were separated into four groups, and that the distributions of three of these groups were different spatially between 2017 and 2018. In the Bering Strait and the Chirikov Basin regions, the diatom communities differed between 2017 and 2018. In 2017, these diatom communities were dominated by cold-water species such as Chaetoceros gelidus and Chaetoceros spp. (subgenus Hyalochaetae), while in 2018, the community was dominated by cosmopolitan species such as Thalassionema nitzschioides and Chaetoceros spp. (subgenus Phaeoceros). NMDS and multiple regression analysis indicated that the timing of the sea-ice retreat was the most important contributor to the differences in the diatom community. In contrast, there was no year-to-year difference south of St. Lawrence Island, possibly because nutrients were depleted and phytoplankton types other than diatoms were dominant
Seasonal changes in the zooplankton community and population structure in the northern Bering Sea from June to September, 2017
No full textZooplankton community structure in the northern Bering Sea may change significantly over relatively short periods due to the inflow of different water masses and the seasonal release of meroplankton, although details of these changes are still unclear. We studied the zooplankton community in the northern Bering Sea from June to September of 2017 and examined seasonal changes in the community structure and stage structure of the dominant species. Zooplankton abundance ranged from 41,000 to 928,000 ind. m(-2), with the greatest abundances near 174 degrees W during July. Copepods were the dominant taxa, comprising 10-98% of zooplankton abundance, with benthic larvae such as bivalves dominant at some stations during July and August. Cluster analysis of abundances divided the station/zooplankton communities into seven groups. West of 172 degrees W, clear seasonal changes were not observed, because the Bering Chukchi Winter Water persisted in the deep layer and sampling was only conducted in this region in July and August. In contrast, the community structures east of 172 degrees W differed every month due to water masses changes, meroplankton release, and copepod production associated with the phytoplankton bloom. Despite the changes of water mass, development for the dominant large copepods (Calanus glacialis/marshallae, Eucalanus bungii and Metridia pacifica) was revealed from their population stage structures. Seasonal shifts in species within Neocalanus and appendicularians were driven by water mass exchanges. This study demonstrates that zooplankton community in the northern Bering Sea varies substantially on a monthly time scale. Therefore, to evaluate the impact of climate change on zooplankton, it is important to consider both the seasonal period and the dominant water masses present
Northern Bering Sea tip jets
No full textAuthor Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 39 (2012): L08807, doi:10.1029/2012GL051537.Low-level regions of high wind speed known as tip jets have been identified near Cape Farewell, Greenland's southernmost point. These wind systems contribute to this area being the windiest location on the ocean's surface and play an important role in the regional weather and climate. Here we present the first analysis of the wind systems that make the Siberian coast of the northern Bering Sea the windiest location in the North Pacific Ocean during the boreal winter. In particular we show that tips jets characterized by enhanced northeasterly winds occur in the vicinity of the two prominent headlands along the coast, Cape Navarin and Cape Olyutorsky. The advance of sea ice in the region is shown to impact the frequency and location of the high speed winds in the vicinity of these two capes. Furthermore, we show that these jets are associated with the interaction of extra-tropical cyclones with the high topography of the Koryak Mountain range, situated just inland of the capes. The windstress imparted to the ocean via the tip jets is argued to help drive the formation of dense water in winter in the northern Bering Sea, thus playing an important role in the regional oceanic circulation.GWKM was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council of Canada. RSP was funded by grant NA08OAR43200895 from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.2012-10-2
Reading the crystal ball: using multi‑species stock-assessment models to predict climate‑driven changes to recruitment, mortality, and biological reference points for Bering Sea (USA) fisheries
No full textNo abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Reading the crystal ball: using multi‑species stock-assessment models to predict climate‑driven changes to recruitment, mortality, and biological reference points for Bering Sea (USA) fisherie
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