1,721,092 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Le charançon de la racine du fraisier : les bases d'une stratégie de lutte dans les fraisières du Québec
No full textEn 2001 et 2002, nous avons échantillonné 89 fraisières, réparties dans neuf régions agricoles du Québec, afin de connaître la diversité et l’abondance des différentes espèces de charançons des racines. Le sol des différentes fraisières a également été caractérisé. L’écologie saisonnière d’Otiorhynchus ovatus (L.) a été étudiée dans la grande région de Québec. Le charançon des racines le plus abondant dans les fraisières est, sans contredit, O. ovatus avec plus de 82% des captures. Aussi, il a été établi qu’il existe une corrélation entre l’abondance d’O. ovatus et le pourcentage de sable contenu dans un sol. Deux cohortes d’insectes se succèdent au champ et le pic d’abondance se situe à la fin de la période de récolte des fruits. Cette période est la plus propice pour contrôler les populations de O. ovatus avant que les femelles initient la ponte.In 2001 and 2002, 89 strawberry fields from nine regions in Québec were sampled to determine the diversity and abundance of root weevil species. Soil characteristics were also assessed. We further studied the seasonal ecology of the strawberry root weevil, Otiorhynchus ovatus (L.) in the Québec City area. The strawberry root weevil was the most abundant species with > 82% of all captured specimens. Its abundance was positively correlated with sand in soil sample. Two cohorts of insects have been identified with a peak of abundance at the end of the fruit harvesting period. This period is most suitable for O. ovatus control as females have not yet initiated oviposition
Recent advances in characterizing trophic connections in biological control
No full textThis Special Issue presents articles that combine traditional approaches, novel experimental methods, and advanced techniques, to provide a more in-depth understanding of trophic interactions in biological control. Studies mainly cover behavioural and chemical ecology, molecular ecology using PCR, qPCR and high-throughput sequencing, population genetics, automated deep learning image analysis and photo trapping. Through laboratory and field investigations, articles provide novel insights into host/prey specificity of natural enemies, their multitrophic interactions, and how they behave in space and time. Ultimately, results may be useful for the development of management strategies that aim to improve biocontrol effectiveness against native and invasive herbivorous insects
Évaluation de suppléments alimentaires pour deux espèces d’acariens prédateurs, Amblyseius swirskii et Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) pour l’optimisation du contrôle biologique du thrips des petits fruits (Frankliniella occidentalis) en serriculture
Full text linkProjet réalisé en cotutelle avec Jacques Brodeur et Les ShippCe projet de recherche a examiné le supplément alimentaire comme technique pour accroître l'efficacité de deux espèces d’acariens prédateurs, Neoseiulus cucumeris et Amblyseius swirskii contre le thrips des petits fruits Frankliniella occidentalis. Des tests en laboratoire ont vérifié l’adéquation de trois espèces de pollen – de quenouille, de maïs et de pomme – ainsi que des œufs de la pyrale Méditerranéenne de la farine pour les acariens prédateurs à l'étude. En termes de valeur rm, les œufs de pyrale et les pollens de quenouille et de pomme étaient de qualité égale pour A. swirskii, tandis que le pollen de pomme s’est distingué pour N. cucumeris. Lorsque nourris d’oeufs de la pyrale, les deux espèces ont complété leur développement avec des valeurs de rm élevées. Le pollen de pomme est apparu comme étant un supplément alimentaire accessible et adéquat pour les deux prédateurs. À court terme (période de 24h), l’influence du pollen de pomme sur les interactions trophiques (larves de F. occidentalis comme proie) et intraguildes (entre les espèces de prédateurs) sur chrysanthèmes standardisés a été examinée. La présence de pollen a considérablement réduit la prédation de N. cucumeris sur les thrips ainsi que la prédation intraguilde pour les deux prédateurs. L'impact du pollen de pomme sur les populations de thrips et sur la rétention des prédateurs dans une culture de chrysanthèmes a été évalué sur une période de 4 semaines. L'introduction de A. swirskii avec pollen a permis le meilleur contrôle des populations de thrips tandis que N. cucumeris ne s’est pas établi dans la culture lorsqu'il a été introduit seul. Le pollen de pomme a amélioré la lutte au thrips par A. swirskii dans une culture de chrysanthème via une réponse numérique de la proie et la rétention des prédateurs dans la culture. Le plus bas taux de dommages importants a été observé lorsque les deux acariens prédateurs étaient utilisés de concert.This research investigated supplemental food source as a technique to increase the efficiency of two species of predatory mites, Neoseiulus cucumeris and Amblyseius swirskii against the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis. Laboratory assays aimed to assess the suitability of three pollen species – cattail, maize and apple – and eggs of the Mediterranean flour moth as supplemental food source for the predatory mites under study. In terms of rm value, flour moth eggs, cattail pollen and apple pollen were food sources of equal quality for A. swirskii, while apple pollen appeared to stand out for to N. cucumeris. Maize pollen was a less suitable food source for both species. When fed flour moth eggs, A. swirskii and N.cucumeris completed development and showed high rm values. Apple pollen appeared to be an accessible and suitable food source for both predators. Short term (24h period) influence of apple pollen availability on trophic (F. occidentalis larvae as prey) and intraguild (between the predator species) interactions on standardized chrysanthemum was examined. It significantly lowered predation on thrips by N. cucumeris and led to a decrease in intraguild predation for both predators. Following this, the impact of apple pollen on thrips populations and predator’s maintenance on chrysanthemum greenhouse crop was assessed over a 4 weeks period. The introduction of A. swirskii with pollen provided the best control on thrips while N. cucumeris did not remain on the crop when introduced alone. Apple pollen improved thrips control by A. swirskii in chrysanthemum crops through prey numerical response and retention of predators on plants. The lowest rate of heavy dammages were observed when both predators were used together
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