2,499,767 research outputs found
List of railroad enterprises in brazil on the 1st of December 1875 (Table No. 3)
No full textMap showing provincial railroads in Brazil as of 1876, indicating (with red ink) those already built, in the process of being built, and projected to be built. Includes 2 tables listing location, length, distance from Rio de Janeiro and other statistics of the railroads
Planning in Brazil, India and Germany
No full textPlanning is a fundamental cognitive ability that helps in organizing and structuring events unfolding in a person\u27s daily life. Two studies are presented that analyze planning behavior in different cultures: Brazil, India, and Germany. The first is a cross-cultural psychological study in which students develop plans for uncertain problem scenarios. The second study follows a cultural psychological tradition. Workers from different domains are interviewed about their life problems and plans. The strengths and the weaknesses of both approaches become obvious in the description and discussion of these two studies. The cross-cultural study sheds light on cross-cultural similarities and differences in planning in Brazil, India, and Germany. The cultural psychological approach yields data regarding a theoretical model on the specific cultural influences on planning
Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows and Wage Inequality in Brazil
No full textUsing nationally representative, economy-wide data, this paper investigates the relative importance of trade-mandated effects on industry wage premiums; industry and economy-wide skill premiums; and employment flows in accounting for changes in the wage distribution in Brazil during the 1988-95 trade liberalization. Unlike in other Latin American countries, trade liberalization appears to have made a significant contribution towards a reduction in wage inequality. These effects have not occurred through changes in industry-specific (wage or skill) premiums. Instead, they appear to have been channelled through substantial employment flows across sectors and formality categories. Changes in the economy-wide skill premium are also important.trade liberalization, inequality, employment flows, Brazil
Brazil
No full textDate created and issued: 1960/1989. Images taken by Charles Samz on a trip to Brazil (dates unknown).Henry Luce Foundatio
Who would vote for inflation in Brazil? : an integrated framework approach to inflation and income distribution
No full textMost studies of how inflation affects income distribution focus only on wages or the inflation tax. The authors argue that this approach can be misleading as it ignores important channels through which inflation affects income distribution. The authors present an integrated framework that combines interest bearing assets with labor income and cash holdings. This allows them to describe clearly the conditions under which inflation will create gainers and losers. They apply the model to Brazil, which is a prime candidate for this exercise because its economy combines skewed income distribution and high inflation. They show that in Brazil inflation helped worsen income distribution in the 1980s. Their major findings follow. In 1980-1989, the inflation induced income loss for the lowest quintile in Brazil was an estimated 19 percent a year, of which 16 percent is attributable to the erosion of real wages and the rest to the inflation tax. During the same period, Brazil's middle class which lost close to 30 percent of its annual income, was devastated because of its limited access to indexed assets. But the richest quintile managed to insulate itself from inflation by taking advantage of high real interest on demand deposits - without losing from reduced labor income. Had real assets and subsidized credits been considered in the analysis, the regressive effects on inflation would probably have been worse, say the authors. This raises aquestion: Do these findings about the distributional effects of inflation help explain Brazil's delays in adopting a stabilization program?Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Conditions and Volatility,Inequality,Banks&Banking Reform
Assessment of Energy Centres in Brazil: A prospective study for the creation of an integrated energy centre in Brazil
No full textHEADLINES:
• The authors advise the British Embassy to create a Brazil-UK Energy Centre, with legitimacy, independence, and financial sustainability, involving leading stakeholders from the energy sector and academia.
• This project identified 419 relevant stakeholders for the purpose of creating an integrated energy centre in Brazil, being 175 energy companies, 86 associations, 117 research and development institutions, and 41 governmental bodies.
• 80 representative stakeholders were contacted and interviewed for this project through in-person meetings or online questionnaires. Most of the participants considered the initiative as very positive, but its success would depend on its governance model, funding source and operational system. It is fundamental to have a centre with credibility and influence.
• The energy centre could act as a centre of intelligence for energy strategies, contributing for a constructive dialogue with the energy sector and international partners, avoiding overlaps and competition with existing initiatives. Key areas of interest include project management, new technologies, bioenergy, smart-grids, distributed generation, regulation, international cooperation, renewable energies, and the transition to a low carbon economy.
• The capital costs for installing this centre are estimated at R 295K (£ 59K) to R 2,210K (£ 442K) to R$ 2,502K (£ 500K). The cities of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Brasília were assessed in this study
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