107,467 research outputs found
Fixed point sets in digital topology, 2
No full text[EN] We continue the work of [10], studying properties of digital images determined by fixed point invariants. We introduce pointed versions of invariants that were introduced in [10]. We introduce freezing sets and cold sets to show how the existence of a fixed point set for a continuous self-map restricts the map on the complement of the fixed point set.Boxer, L. (2020). Fixed point sets in digital topology, 2. Applied General Topology. 21(1):111-133. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2020.12101OJS111133211C. Berge, Graphs and Hypergraphs, 2nd edition, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1976.L. Boxer, Digitally Continuous functions, Pattern Recognition Letters 15 (1994), 833-839. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(94)90012-4L. Boxer, A classical construction for the digital fundamental group, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 10 (1999), 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008370600456L. Boxer, Generalized normal product adjacency in digital topology, Applied General Topology 18, no. 2 (2017), 401-427. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2017.7798L. Boxer, Alternate product adjacencies in digital topology, Applied General Topology 19, no. 1 (2018), 21-53. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2018.7146L. Boxer, Fixed points and freezing sets in digital topology, Proceedings, Interdisciplinary Colloquium in Topology and its Applications in Vigo, Spain; 55-61.L. Boxer, O. Ege, I. Karaca, J. Lopez and J. Louwsma, Digital fixed points, approximate fixed points, and universal functions, Applied General Topology 17, no. 2 (2016), 159-172. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2016.4704L. Boxer and I. Karaca, Fundamental groups for digital products, Advances and Applications in Mathematical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2012), 161-180.L. Boxer and P. C. Staecker, Fundamental groups and Euler characteristics of sphere-like digital images, Applied General Topology 17, no. 2 (2016), 139-158. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2016.4624L. Boxer and P. C. Staecker, Fixed point sets in digital topology, 1, Applied General Topology, to appear.G. Chartrand and L. Lesniak, Graphs & Digraphs, 2nd ed., Wadsworth, Inc., Belmont, CA, 1986.J. Haarmann, M. P. Murphy, C. S. Peters and P. C. Staecker, Homotopy equivalence in finite digital images, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 53 (2015), 288-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-015-0578-8S.-E. Han, Non-product property of the digital fundamental group, Information Sciences 171 (2005), 73-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2004.03.018E. Khalimsky, Motion, deformation, and homotopy in finite spaces, in Proceedings IEEE Intl. Conf. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1987, 227-234.A. Rosenfeld, Digital topology, The American Mathematical Monthly 86, no. 8 (1979), 621-630. https://doi.org/10.1080/00029890.1979.11994873A. Rosenfeld, 'Continuous' functions on digital pictures, Pattern Recognition Letters 4 (1986), 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(86)90017-
Convexity and freezing sets in digital topology
No full text[EN] We continue the study of freezing sets in digital topology, introduced in [4]. We show how to find a minimal freezing set for a "thick" convex disk X in the digital plane Z^2. We give examples showing the significance of the assumption that X is convex.The suggestions and corrections of the anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged.Boxer, L. (2021). Convexity and freezing sets in digital topology. Applied General Topology. 22(1):121-137. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2021.14185OJS121137221L. Boxer, A classical construction for the digital fundamental group, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 10 (1999), 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008370600456L. Boxer, Remarks on fixed point assertions in digital topology, 2, Applied General Topology 20, no. 1 (2019), 155-175. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2019.10667L. Boxer, Remarks on fixed point assertions in digital topology, 3, Applied General Topology 20, no. 2 (2019), 349-361. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2019.11117L. Boxer, Fixed point sets in digital topology, 2, Applied General Topology 21, no. 1 (2020), 111-133. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2020.12101L. Boxer, Remarks on fixed point assertions in digital topology, 4, Applied General Topology 21, no. 2 (2020), 265-284. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2020.13075L. Boxer, Approximate fixed point properties in digital topology, Bulletin of the International Mathematical Virtual Institute 10, no. 2 (2020), 357-367.L. Boxer, Approximate fixed point property for digital trees and products, Bulletin of the International Mathematical Virtual Institute 10, no. 3 (2020), 595-602.L. Boxer, O. Ege, I. Karaca, J. Lopez and J. Louwsma, Digital fixed points, approximate fixed points, and universal functions, Applied General Topology 17, no. 2 (2016), 159-172. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2016.4704L. Boxer and P.C. Staecker, Fixed point sets in digital topology, 1, Applied General Topology 21, no. 1 (2020), 87-110. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2020.12091L. Chen, Gradually varied surfaces and its optimal uniform approximation, SPIE Proceedings 2182 (1994), 300-307. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.171078L. Chen, Discrete Surfaces and Manifolds, Scientific Practical Computing, Rockville, MD, 2004.O. Ege and I. Karaca, Banach fixed point theorem for digital images, Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Applications 8 (2015), 237u-245. https://doi.org/10.22436/jnsa.008.03.08J. Haarmann, M. . Murphy, C.S. Peters, and P. C. Staecker, Homotopy equivalence in finite digital images, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 53 (2015), 288-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-015-0578-8A. Rosenfeld, Digital topology, The American Mathematical Monthly 86, no. 8 (1979), 621-630. https://doi.org/10.1080/00029890.1979.11994873A. Rosenfeld, 'Continuous' functions on digital pictures, Pattern Recognition Letters 4 (1986), 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(86)90017-
Group foils Boxer snatchers
No full textA group of Pacific University fraternity members hold Boxer after they rescued him from would-be snatchers. Left to right are: T. Fishburn, Ed Bennett, Class of 1941, John Uchiyama, Class of 1939, Ed Goddard, Class of 1940, Lewis Merz, Class of 1939, and, in the center, holding Boxer, Myrl Barkhurst, Class of 1939.[back] This group foils boxer snatchers; Left to right T. Fishburn [?], Ed. Bennett '41, J. Uchiyama, Ed. Goddard, and L. Merz '39 - Center, M. Bachurst & Boxer - E. Ingles, Forest Grov
Wesley Craven, Boxer
No full textWesley Craven, the second son of Samuel L. and Ethel F. Craven, was born and raised in Roslyn. He was a Golden Glove Welterweight and Heavyweight Champion boxer in Seattle. Wesley became a professional boxer, but his boxing career was cut short due to a serious eye injury.https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/roslyn_african_american_history/1022/thumbnail.jp
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in boxer dogs: a retrospective study of survival
No full textThe aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate survival in a population of 62 boxer dogs with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), without left ventricular systolic failure, based on the following factors: age at diagnosis, presence of syncopal episodes, Holter arrhythmia classification and administered treatment. Medical records of boxer dogs with a diagnosis of ARVC between 2000 and 2010 were reviewed. Results showed that median survival time (MST) was longer in younger ARVC dogs than in the older ones P<0.001). MST was statistically different (P=0.012) between dogs with syncope (365 days) and dogs without syncope episodes (693 days), the probability of death within a year being 4.8 times greater in dogs with syncope (95% CI 1.48 to 15.99) than in dogs without syncope. Regarding Holter classification results, MST was 547.5 days in Holter class-2 dogs and 365 days in Holter class-4 dogs (P=0.030). There were no differences regarding treatment options; MST was 365 days (95% CI 193.615 to 536.4) in the sotalol group, 365 days (95% CI 92.86 to 637.14) in the mexiletine plus atenolol group, and 547.50 days (95% CI 170.45 to 924.55) in the procainamide group (P=0.383). According to this study, the best prognosis is for the younger boxer dog without syncope. There were no differences in survival times in relation to the different treatment options used.26826860,4741,633Q2Q1SCI
Beyond the Hausdorff metric in digital topology
No full text[EN] Two objects may be close in the Hausdorff metric, yet have very different geometric and topological properties. We examine other methods of comparing digital images such that objects close in each of these measures have some similar geometric or topological property. Such measures may be combined with the Hausdorff metric to yield a metric in which close images are similar with respect to multiple properties.Boxer, L. (2022). Beyond the Hausdorff metric in digital topology. Applied General Topology. 23(1):69-77. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2022.15893OJS6977231A. Borat and T. Vergili, Digital Lusternik-Schnirelmann category, Turkish Journal of Mathematics 42 (2018), 1845-1852.https://doi.org/10.3906/mat-1801-94K. Borsuk, On some metrizations of the hyperspace of compact sets, Fundamenta Mathematicae 41 (1954), 168-202.https://doi.org/10.4064/fm-41-2-168-202K. Borsuk, Theory of Retracts, Polish Scientific Publishers, Warsaw, 1967.L. Boxer, Computing deviations from convexity in polygons, Pattern Recognition Letters 14 (1993), 163-167.https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(93)90067-NL. Boxer, A classical construction for the digital fundamental group, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 10 (1999), 51-62 .https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008370600456L. Boxer, Continuous maps on digital simple closed curves, Applied Mathematics 1 (2010), 377-386.https://doi.org/10.4236/am.2010.15050L. Boxer, Convexity and freezing sets in digital topology, Applied General Topology 22, no. 1 (2021), 121-137.https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2021.14185L. Boxer, I. Karaca and A. Oztel, Topological invariants in digital images, Journal of Mathematical Sciences: Advances and Applications 11, no. 2 (2011), 109-140.L. Boxer and R. Miller, Coarse grained gather and scatter operations with applications, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 64 (2004), 1297-1320.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2004.07.002L. Boxer and P. C. Staecker, Fundamental groups and Euler characteristics of sphere-like digital images, Applied General Topology 17, no. 2 (2016), 139-158.https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2016.4624L. Chen, Gradually varied surfaces and its optimal uniform approximation, SPIE Proceedings 2182 (1994), 300-307.https://doi.org/10.1117/12.171078L. Chen, Discrete Surfaces and Manifolds, Scientific Practical Computing, Rockville, MD, 2004.J. Dugundji, Topology, Allyn and Bacon, Boston, 1966.S.-E. Han, Non-product property of the digital fundamental group, Information Sciences 171 (2005), 73-91.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2004.03.018S.-E. Han, Digital fundamental group and Euler characteristic of a connected sum of digital closed surfaces, Information Sciences 177 (2007), 3314-3326.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2006.12.013S. B. Nadler, Jr., Hyperspaces of Sets, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1978.A. Rosenfeld, 'Continuous' functions on digital images, Pattern Recognition Letters 4 (1987), 177-184.https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(86)90017-6R. Shonkwiler, An image algorithm for computing the Hausdorff distance efficiently in linear time, Information Processing Letters 30, no. 2 (1989), 87-89.https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(89)90114-2H. I. Stern, Polygonal entropy: a convexity measure, Pattern Recognition Letters 10, no. 4 (1989), 229-235.https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(89)90093-7T. Vergili, Digital Hausdorff distance on a connected digital image, Communications Faculty of Sciences University of Ankara Series A1 Mathematics and Statistics 69, no. 2 (2020), 76-88.https://doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.62067
Fixed poin sets in digital topology, 1
No full text[EN] In this paper, we examine some properties of the fixed point set of a
digitally continuous function. The digital setting requires new methods that are not analogous to those of classical topological fixed point
theory, and we obtain results that often differ greatly from standard
results in classical topology.
We introduce several measures related to fixed points for continuous
self-maps on digital images, and study their properties. Perhaps the
most important of these is the fixed point spectrum F(X) of a digital
image: that is, the set of all numbers that can appear as the number of fixed points for some continuous self-map. We give a complete
computation of F(Cn) where Cn is the digital cycle of n points. For
other digital images, we show that, if X has at least 4 points, then
F(X) always contains the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, and the cardinality of X.
We give several examples, including Cn, in which F(X) does not equal
{0, 1, . . . , #X}.
We examine how fixed point sets are affected by rigidity, retraction,
deformation retraction, and the formation of wedges and Cartesian
products. We also study how fixed point sets in digital images can
be arranged; e.g., for some digital images the fixed point set is always
connected.Boxer, L.; Staecker, PC. (2020). Fixed poin sets in digital topology, 1. Applied General Topology. 21(1):87-110. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2020.12091OJS87110211C. Berge, Graphs and Hypergraphs, 2nd edition, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1976.L. Boxer, Digitally continuous functions, Pattern Recognition Letters 15 (1994), 833-839. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(94)90012-4L. Boxer, A classical construction for the digital fundamental group, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 10 (1999), 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008370600456L. Boxer, Continuous maps on digital simple closed curves, Applied Mathematics 1 (2010), 377-386. https://doi.org/10.4236/am.2010.15050L. Boxer, Generalized normal product adjacency in digital topology, Applied General Topology 18, no. 2 (2017), 401-427. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2017.7798L. Boxer, Alternate product adjacencies in digital topology, Applied General Topology 19, no. 1 (2018), 21-53. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2018.7146L. Boxer, Fixed points and freezing sets in digital topology, Proceedings, 2019 Interdisciplinary Colloquium in Topology and its Applications, in Vigo, Spain; 55-61.L. Boxer, O. Ege, I. Karaca, J. Lopez, and J. Louwsma, Digital fixed points, approximate fixed points, and universal functions, Applied General Topology 17, no. 2 (2016), 159-172. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2016.4704L. Boxer and I. Karaca, Fundamental groups for digital products, Advances and Applications in Mathematical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2012), 161-180.L. Boxer and P. C. Staecker, Remarks on fixed point assertions in digital topology, Applied General Topology 20, no. 1 (2019), 135-153. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2019.10474J. Haarmann, M. P. Murphy, C. S. Peters and P. C. Staecker, Homotopy equivalence in finite digital images, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 53 (2015), 288-302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-015-0578-8B. Jiang, Lectures on Nielsen fixed point theory, Contemporary Mathematics 18 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/014E. Khalimsky, Motion, deformation, and homotopy in finite spaces, in Proceedings IEEE Intl. Conf. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (1987), 227-234.A. Rosenfeld, "Continuous" functions on digital pictures, Pattern Recognition Letters 4 (1986), 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8655(86)90017-6P. C. Staecker, Some enumerations of binary digital images, arXiv:1502.06236, 2015
A case of acquired myasthesia gravis in a Boxer dog
No full text"Gus", a 5 year old male Boxer dog, presented for evaluation of muscle weakness and regurgitation. On physical examination, Gus was weak, depressed, and in thin body condition. A neurologic examination was consistent with diffuse neuromuscular disease. Initial bloodwork changes were consistent with dehydration, previous corticosteroid administration, and an inflammatory process. Thoracic radiographs revealed a diffuse megaesophagus and aspiration pneumonia, likely secondary to regurgitation. Appropriate differential diagnoses for megaesophagus and diffuse neuromuscular disease were considered. Results from a thyroid panel revealed primary hypothyroidism. An intravenous Tensilon test was positive. Results of acetylcholine receptor antibody titers revealed a strong positive (6.06 nmol/L, normal <0.6 nmol/L), confirming a diagnosis of acquired myasthenia gravis (MG). Gus was administered antibiotics and underwent nebulization and coupage therapy to treat his aspiration pneumonia and was administered anticholinesterase therapy to treat his MG. He responded well to this therapy and was discharged after two weeks of hospitalization
Studio della cinematica di traumi al cervello riscontrabili durante incontri professionistici di boxe. Kinematic evaluation of traumatic brain injuries in boxing
No full textMotion tracking, based only on analysis of video broadcasted by television, is evaluated as a method to assess the kinematics of a mild traumatic brain injury during a professional boxing match. A database composed of 25 knockouts and 10 other major hits was selected and analysed using a proper motion tracking software. Magnitudes like translational and rotational velocities and acceleretions of the hand of the boxer throwing the punch and the head of the opponent were taken into consideration and compared with values found in previous studies about sports-related concussions to get an evaluation of the effectiveness of the method. Data obtained from knockouts recorded at 90 fps were comparable with the ones found in literatur
9. Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica in a Boxer puppy
No full textA Boxer puppy had an unusual dysplastic lesion of the distal epiphysis of the left femur. Biopsy and CT
examination were performed. A diagnosis of dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (DEH) was made. To
the investigators knowledge, this condition has not been described before in animals. DEH is a growth
disorder involving preferentially the medial compartment of the lower limbs, and it is associated with
epiphyseal hypertrophy and delayed mineralization
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