1,721,534 research outputs found
Research developments in the physiopathology of arthrogenous TMD
No full textInternational multi-site research based on the use of a common set of tools applicable to both research and clinical settings advanced the scientific knowledge of temporomandibular disorders and related pain conditions. The core tool is the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD), and the methods include population studies, clinical epidemiology and clinical trials, and experimental human studies.
Objective of this paper is to discuss with personal contributions the recent fields of research, in particular imaging, histological and functional changes, psycho-neuro-endocrinology aspects, implicated in the physiopathology of the joint intracapsular disorders.
Several studies have compared clinical TMD diagnoses and MRI findings of the TMJ.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been widely used to image abnormalities of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Magnetic resonance imaging can depict displacement, degeneration, reduction, and shape of the disc. Moreover, MR imaging can show joint effusion, osteoarthritis, bone marrow abnormalities of the condyle, and changes in the retrodiscal tissue, among others. Precontrast T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and proton density–weighted imaging have usually been performed to depict those abnormalities.
Advances have been made in diagnosis resulting from the development of new devices known as a limited cone beam dental compact-CT (3DX). Evaluation of a bony abnormality of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using the limited cone-beam CT (3DX) proved to be of considerable value. A three-dimensional image of the right TMJ showed erosion and flattening of the condyle.
Histological and functional changes in rabbit retrodiscal tissue associated with experimentally induced anterior disk displacement have been investigated. In particular through microscopic analysis, the different types of connective tissue (loose, intermediate, dense and hyalinized); density of fibroblast (hypocellular, moderate, hypercellular); the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate (insignificant or significant); chondrocytes; arterial lumen (no changes, narrowed, obliterated); distribution of vascular tissue (sparse, moderate, dense); distribution of elastic fibers (sparse, moderate, dense) have been studied.
Considering the multifactorial etiology of TMD and the hypothesis that some joint tissues (e.g., bone, cartilage, collagen, proteins) could be a target for sexual hormones, the sexual hormone serum levels and temporomandibular disorders will be discussed.
Then the role of the psychoneuroendocrine aspects in chronic pain will be focused, in particular the relationship between TMD and fibromyalgia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Efficacy of tizanidine hydrochloride in the treatment of myofascial pain of the masticatory muscles. A randomized controlled clinical trial
No full textThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of tizanidine hydrochloride (Sirdalud®, Novartis Pharma) in the treatment of myofascial pain of the masticatory muscles, by means of a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial
A critical review on the importance of psychological factors in temporomandibular disorders
No full textRecent researches on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been focused on the interaction between physical and psychological factors. In this work, studies on the role of the latter have been critically reviewed and analysed. A number of works proved the existence of an association between TMD and anxiety, depression and stress, but none demonstrated causality of that relation. In consideration of that, debates are still open to discuss the possible predisposing, triggering and/or worsening role played by some psychic disorders in TMD subjects. Nevertheless, considering the usefulness of recent taxonomic proposals, it seems logical to adopt a broad therapeutic approach, directed both to the physical and psychic component of TMD symptoms. Besides, from this review it is underlined the need for controlled trials which, regardless of the causality of TMD-psychic disorders associations, definitively evaluate the efficacy of the various psychotherapy modalities proposed
Diagnosi ultrasonografica di dislocazione del disco nell’articolazione temporomandibolare
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