1,720,979 research outputs found
Realistic observing scenarios for the next decade of early warning detection of binary neutron stars
Full text linkWe describe realistic observing scenarios for early warning detection of
binary neutron star mergers with the current generation of ground-based
gravitational-wave detectors as these approach design sensitivity. Using Fisher
analysis, we estimate that Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo will detect one
signal before merger in their fourth observing run provided they maintain a
70\% duty cycle. 60\% of all observations and 8\% of those detectable 20
seconds before merger will be localized to . If KAGRA is able to achieve a 25 Mpc horizon, these prospects
increase to early detections with 70\% of all BNS localized to
by merger. As the AHKLV network
approaches design sensitivity over the next years, we expect up to 1
(14) detections made 100 (10) seconds before merger. Although adding detectors
to the HLV network impacts the detection rate at level, it
improves localization prospects and increases the completeness of compact
binary surveys. Given uncertainties in sensitivities, participating detectors,
and duty cycles, we consider 103 future detector configurations so
electromagnetic observers can tailor preparations towards their preferred
models
Measuring properties of primordial black hole mergers at cosmological distances: effect of higher order modes in gravitational waves
Full text linkPrimordial black holes (PBHs) may form from the collapse of matter
overdensities shortly after the Big Bang. One may identify their existence by
observing gravitational wave (GW) emissions from merging PBH binaries at high
redshifts , where astrophysical binary black holes (BBHs) are
unlikely to merge. The next-generation ground-based GW detectors, Cosmic
Explorer and Einstein Telescope, will be able to observe BBHs with total masses
of at such redshifts. This paper serves as a
companion paper of arXiv:2108.07276, focusing on the effect of higher-order
modes (HoMs) in the waveform modeling, which may be detectable for these high
redshift BBHs, on the estimation of source parameters. We perform Bayesian
parameter estimation to obtain the measurement uncertainties with and without
HoM modeling in the waveform for sources with different total masses, mass
ratios, orbital inclinations and redshifts observed by a network of
next-generation GW detectors. We show that including HoMs in the waveform model
reduces the uncertainties of redshifts and masses by up to a factor of two,
depending on the exact source parameters. We then discuss the implications for
identifying PBHs with the improved single-event measurements, and expand the
investigation of the model dependence of the relative abundance between the BBH
mergers originating from the first stars and the primordial BBH mergers as
shown in arXiv:2108.07276.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figure
Listening to the Universe with Next Generation Ground-Based Gravitational-Wave Detectors
Full text linkIn this study, we use simple performance metrics to assess the science capabilities of future ground-based gravitational-wave detector networks -- composed of A+ or Voyager upgrades to the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA observatories and proposed next generation observatories such as Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope. These metrics refer to coalescences of binary neutron stars (BNSs) and binary black holes (BBHs) and include: (i) network detection efficiency and detection rate of cosmological sources as a function of redshift, (ii) signal-to-noise ratios and the accuracy with which intrinsic and extrinsic parameters would be measured, and (iii) enabling multimessenger astronomy with gravitational waves by accurate 3D localization and early warning alerts. We further discuss the science enabled by the small population of rare and extremely loud events. While imminent upgrades will provide impressive advances in all these metrics, next generation observatories will deliver an improvement of an order-of-magnitude or more in most metrics. In fact, a network containing two or three such facilities will detect half of all the BNS and BBH mergers up to a redshift of and , respectively, give access to hundreds of BNSs and ten thousand BBHs with signal-to-noise ratios exceeding 100, readily localize hundreds to thousands of mergers to within on the sky and better than 10% in luminosity distance, respectively, and consequently, enable mutlimessenger astronomy through follow-up surveys in the electromagnetic spectrum several times a week. Such networks will further shed light on potential cosmological merger populations and detect an abundance of high-fidelity BNS and BBH signals which will allow investigations of the high-density regime of matter at an unprecedented level and enable precision tests of general relativity in the strong-field regime, respectively.43 pages, 23 figures, 15 table
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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