323,599 research outputs found
Prosodic constituents in the representation of consonantal sequences in Polish
No full textThe aim of this paper is to show what role prosodic constituents, especially the foot and the prosodic word play in Polish phonology. The focus is placed on their function in the representation of extrasyllabic consonants in word-initial, word-medial, and word-final positions.
The paper is organized as follows. In the first section, I show that the foot and the prosodic word are well-motivated prosodic constituents in Polish prosody. In the second part, I discuss consonant clusters in Polish focussing on segments that are not parsed into a syllable due to violations of the Sonority Sequencing Generalisation, i.e. extrasyllabic segments. Finally, I analyze possible representations of the extrasyllabic consonants and conclude that both the foot and the prosodic word play a crucial role in terms of licensing. My proposal differs from the ones by Rubach and Booij (1990b) and Rubach (1997) in that I argue that the word-initial sonorants traditionally called extrasyllabic are licenced by the foot and not by the prosodic word (cf. Rubach and Booij (1990b)) or the syllable (cf. Rubach (1997)). For my analysis I adopt the framework of Optimality Theory, cf. McCarthy and Prince (1993), Prince and Smolensky (1993), in which derivational levels are abandoned and only surface representations are evaluated by means of universal constraints
Measurements of the rate of adjustment of the secondary flow in a curved open channel with varying discharge
No full textPrediction of bottom changes in rivers and tidal channels require a thorough knowledge of the secondary flow, as this flow gives rise to bottom slopes transverse to the main flow direction. In the model used in this research, the computation of the secondary flow field is based upon an, independently computed, depth averaged main flow field. In the computation of the secondary flow it can often be assumed fully developed, i.e. adjusted to the local variables: depth, main flow velocity, etc. In case of variation of bottom topography or of main flow properties in the flow direction, the secondary flow will not be adjusted to these local variables, but will retain information about the situation considered parcels of water have met earlier during their flow. An analogous misadjustment will occur in case of time dependent main flow properties. A theoretical investigation about the degree of adjustment of secondary flow was reported by Booij and Kalkwijk (1982). They describe the rate of adjustment by a relaxation length in case of variation in the flow direction and by a relaxation time in case of variation in time. Both are defined by the reduction of the misadjustment to a factor l/e of the original misadjustment with respect to the local variables. For the value of the Chezy coefficient of 50 m^1/2/s, the relaxation length L of the secondary flow was found to be about 15 times the water depth hand the relaxation time T was found to be about the time needed by the depth averaged flow to cover a distance equal to this relaxation length.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Morphology: An International Handbook on Inflection and Word-Formation, vol. 2
No full textBooij G, Lehmann C, Mudgan J, Skopeteas S, eds. Morphology: An International Handbook on Inflection and Word-Formation, vol. 2. Handbooks of linguistics and communication science. Vol 17.2. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter; 2004
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
TOPICS IN MORPHOLOGY: Selected Papers from the Third Mediterranean Morphology Meeting, Barcelona september 20-22, 2001
No full textThis volume contains a selection of the papers presented at the Third Mediterranean Morphology Meeting, which was held at the Institut Universitari de Lingüística Aplicada of Pompeu Fabra University. This conference series was initiated some years ago by Geert Booij (Free University of Amsterdam), Angela Ralli (University of Patras) and Sergio Scalise (University of Bologna) in order to bring scholars together from around the world in a Mediterranean setting to discuss issues of morphological structure bearing on linguistic theory. The Institut Universitari de Lingüística Aplicada was pleased to be host to morphologists from Europe, North America and South America for MMM3 in September, 2001.
The main topics of the papers included in this volume are the borderline between syntax and morphology and the role of prosodic constraints in morphology
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