1,720,963 research outputs found
El fenómeno de la cavitación en vid… : descifrando los mecanismos implicados
Get PDFCavitation is a physiological dysfunction that takes place in the xylem of water stressed
plants. It leads to a loss of hydraulic conductance (kL) as the vessels are filled with air. This
impacts water supply, water potential (ΨL) and canopy hydration. Stomatal clossure is an
effective response upon diminishing momentary or seasonal foliar hydraulic contents.
Depending on each type of plant, stomata may close preventing catastrophic cavitations.
This research intended to understand how stomatal control acts upon cavitation
events in two contrasting grapevine varieties, Syrah and Grenache. A mechanistic was
developed model based on the water and vapour fluxes, kL, stomata conductance (gs),
and the vulnerability to cavitation of the xylematic tissue. The theoretical model explains
how plants respond to drought and avoid catastrophic cavitation. Water stressed grapevines
couple their gs with their kL in order to avoid embolism. It is not stomatal closure,
by istself, the controlling mechanism. Grapevines under mild water stress, do not need
to completely close their stomata in order to avoid cavitation, therefore, photosynthesis
is not completely impeded, and the cost in terms of carbon assimilation is less than
expected for other species.La cavitación es una disfunción fisiológica que ocurre en el xilema de las plantas bajo
déficit hídrico, y que entraña una pérdida de su conductancia hidráulica (kL), cuando
algunos vasos se llenan de aire. Esto incide negativamente sobre la oferta de agua y
afecta el potencial hídrico foliar (ΨL) y la hidratación de la canopia. El cierre estomático
es una respuesta efectiva ante la disminución del contenido hídrico. Dependiendo de la
especie vegetal, los estomas suelen cerrase para evitar la cavitación catastrófica. Mediante
un modelo mecanístico, que se construyó teniendo en cuenta los flujos de agua y vapor,
las kL y conductancia estomática (gs), y la vulnerabilidad del xilema a cavitar; se probó
que gs no es la única variable responsable de frenar la embolia. Se determinó que gs y
kL están íntimamente asociadas y que este acople entre ambas conductancias es lo que
frena la embolia. Se concluyó que, en la vid y bajo niveles de estrés hídrico moderado, no
es necesario un cierre estomático para controlar la cavitación. Por esto, el mecanismo de
control de la cavitación en la vid no conlleva un costo en términos de intercambio gaseoso.Fil: Hugalde, Inés.
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (Argentina). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza.Fil: Bonada, Marcos.
South Australian Research and Development InstituteFil: Vila, Hernán.
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (Argentina). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The phenomenon of cavitation in grapevine… Unravelling implicated mechanisms = El fenómeno de la cavitación en vid… Descifrando los mecanismos implicados
Get PDFCavitation is a physiological dysfunction that takes place in the xylem of water stressed plants. It leads to a loss of hydraulic conductance (kL)as the vessels are filled with air. This impacts water supply, water potential (ΨL) and canopy hydration. Stomatal clossure is an effective response upon diminishing momentary or seasonal foliar hydraulic contents. Depending on each type of plant, stomata may close preventing catastrophic cavitations. This research intended to understand how stomatal control acts upon cavitation events in two contrasting grapevine varieties, Syrah and Grenache. A mechanistic was developed model based on the water and vapour fluxes, kL, stomata conductance (gs), and the vulnerability to cavitation of the xylematic tissue. The theoretical model explains how plants respond to drought and avoid catastrophic cavitation. Water stressed grapevines couple their gs with their kL in order to avoid embolism. It is not stomatal closure, by istself, the controlling mechanism. Grapevines under mild water stress, do not need to completely close their stomata in order to avoid cavitation, therefore, photosynthesis is not completely impeded, and the cost in terms of carbon assimilation is less than expected for other species.La cavitación es una disfunción fisiológica que ocurre en el xilema de las plantas bajo déficit hídrico, y que entraña una pérdida de su conductancia hidráulica (kL), cuando algunos vasos se llenan de aire. Esto incide negativamente sobre la oferta de agua y afecta el potencial hídrico foliar (ΨL) y la hidratación de la canopia. El cierre estomático es una respuesta efectiva ante la disminución del contenido hídrico. Dependiendo de la especie vegetal, los estomas suelen cerrase para evitar la cavitación catastrófica. Mediante un modelo mecanístico, que se construyó teniendo en cuenta los flujos de agua y vapor, las kL y conductancia estomática (gs), y la vulnerabilidad del xilema a cavitar; se probó que gs no es la única variable responsable de frenar la embolia. Se determinó que gs y kL están íntimamente asociadas y que este acople entre ambas conductancias es lo que frena la embolia. Se concluyó que, en la vid y bajo niveles de estrés hídrico moderado, no es necesario un cierre estomático para controlar la cavitación. Por esto, el mecanismo de control de la cavitación en la vid no conlleva un costo en términos de intercambio gaseoso.EEA MendozaFil: Hugalde, Ines Pilar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bonada, Marcos. South Australian Research & Development Institute; AustraliaFil: Vila, Hernan Felix. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentin
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Soil water availability during spring modulates canopy growth and impacts the chemical and sensory composition of Shiraz fruit and wine
No full textBackground and Aim: Reduced rainfall during vine dormancy and supplementary irrigation during winter or at spring impact on vine growth partitioning. We assess the implications that induced changes on canopy growth due to soil moisture availability in spring have on fruit and wine composition.
Methods and Results: Irrigation strategies were assessed in a vineyard where winter rainfall was excluded and irrigation was applied during winter or at spring during three seasons. Reduced soil moisture in spring increased canopy porosity from flowering and increased the concentration of phenolic substances in the fruit and wine. Colour, aroma intensity and fruit attributes typical of Barossa Shiraz wines were enhanced under more open canopies. When soil moisture was restored in spring by natural rainfall or by supplementary irrigation, vines developed denser canopies and phenolic substances were reduced in the fruit and wines. Irrigation at spring following a dry winter altered wine style and was associated with some negative attributes.
Conclusions: Smaller canopies due to reduced water availability at spring improved fruit and wine composition at the expense of yield. Irrigation in spring following a dry winter promoted canopy growth over yield, and impacted negatively on fruit and wine composition.
Significance of the Study: These results stress the importance that soil water availability in spring has on defining wine style, and establishes a framework for the adoption of irrigation strategies that may maintain regional style in a context of a changing climate. These responses can be expected in regions with a Mediterranean climate experiencing a reduction in winter rainfall.EEA MendozaFil: Bonada, Marcos. South Australian Research & Development Institute; AustraliaFil: Catania, Anibal Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza. Laboratorio de Aromas y Sustancias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Gambetta, Joanna M. South Australian Research & Development Institute; AustraliaFil: Petrie, Paul R. South Australian Research & Development Institute; AustraliaFil: Petrie, Paul R. University of New South Wales. Faculty of Engineering; Australi
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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