1,720,976 research outputs found
Changes in the social protection of surviving spouse: A comparative legal analysis
Full text linkEuropean countries introduced the concept of social protection of survivors, primarily spouses and children, in their respective legislations back in the 19th century. Since its introduction, the concept has undergone significant changes in the majority of EU Member States. This paper will provide an overview of the concept of social security survivors benefits, with the main focus on the survivors benefits for surviving spouse in the European Union, and in particular on the differences in regulation of this concept in Western European and the Eastern European countries. The author of this paper will endeavor to point out the ways the survivors benefits follow, and to establish whether this form of social security will survive in the future, in spite of the numerous changes Europe witnesses. The paper offers a comparison among three different systems of social protection for surviving spouse in the European Union, as follows: (i) the Scandinavian concept, (ii) the Western European concept and (iii) the Eastern European concept. Finally, on the basis of the characteristics of these three models and a comparative analysis of their effects, this paper will try to propose grounds of new European model for the social protection of surviving spouse
Challenges of youth employment policy: Comparative experience and actual state in Serbia
No full textAutor, polazeći od problema svetske ekonomske krize, stanja u evrozoni i situacije u Srbiji, obrađuje u ovom radu goruću temu problema nezaposlenosti. Akcenat je, pri tom, stavljen na položaj mladih, koji predstavljaju posebno senzitivnu grupaciju. Ističući u prvi plan stanje u zemljama Evropske unije, analiziraju se dosadašnji rezultati istraživanja Međunarodnog udruženja za socijalno osiguranje. Istovremeno, autor posebno ističe stanje u Srbiji, a u naučnoj obradi ovog problema pokušava da, istorijskim, sociološkim i pravno-ekonomskim aspektima, da originalni doprinos potencijalnim rešenjima. Posebna pažnja posvećena je degenerativnim promenama u društvu (odliv mozgova, porast kriminaliteta među mladima) izazvanim ovim problemom. U tom pogledu autor, ističući iskustva evropskih država u obezbeđivanju prava na socijalno osiguranje i pomoć nezaposlenim mladim građanima, predlaže i dalje sprovođenje efikasnih mera tzv. profesionalne obuke i prve šanse u Republici Srbiji.Taking the problems of global economic crisis, state in the euro area and present situation in Serbia as a starting point, the author discusses the burning issue of unemployment. The emphasis has been placed on the position of the youth, as they represent a particularly sensitive group. Highlighting the actual state in the EU member states, the recent research results of the International Social Security Association have been analyzed. At the same time, the author considers the present state in Serbia in particular, making an effort as a part of the scientific discussion on this issue to provide possible solutions within the historical, sociological and legal-economical frameworks. Particular attention has been paid to degenerative social changes (brain drain, increase in youth crime rates) caused by this problem. In that respect, having considered the experience of the European countries in the provision of rights to social security and help for the young unemployed persons, the author argues in favor of the further pursuance of efficient measures that include the vocational training and 'the first opportunity' program in the Republic of Serbia
Entitlement to unemployment benefits: Current problems and possible solutions
No full textPredmet ovog rada je problemska analiza prava na novčanu naknadu za slučaj nezaposlenosti, kompleksnog pravnog pitanja iz sfere osiguranja u slučaju nezaposlenosti. Autor, koristeći domaću i uporednopravnu građu, pokušava da problematizuje nekoliko osnovnih segmenata ovog instituta, nudeći, pri tom, konkretna rešenja u pogledu unapređenja zakonske regulative. Posebna pažnja posvećena je vremenskoj ograničenosti prava na novčanu naknadu, pri čemu autor komparira aktuelna rešenja crnogorskog i hrvatskog zakonodavca u ovoj oblasti sa domaćom legislativom. Istovremeno, autor nastoji da, analizom našeg Zakona o zapošljavanju i osiguranju za slučaj nezaposlenosti, istakne probleme u njegovoj primeni. Pitanja da li i pod kojim uslovima pravo na novčanu naknadu može ostvariti i lice kojem je radni odnos prestao sporazumom na inicijativu poslodavca, kao i zbog odbijanja zaključenja aneksa ugovora o radu, su dodatno problematizovana. Autor se naročito bavi pitanjem vraćanja novčane naknade Nacionalnoj službi u slučaju da je sud utvrdio da je otkaz bio nezakonit i na njega autor pokušava, suočavajući argumente dva modela i stavove Vrhovnog suda Srbije, da da potencialno praktično primenljiv odgovor i zakonski utemeljeno rešenje.The subject of this paper is a problem-analysis of entitlements to unemployment benefits, the complex legal issue in the field of unemployment insurance. The Author, using domestic and comparative material, looks into several basic segments of this legal institute, offering, at the same time, concrete solutions in terms of improving the legislation. Special attention has been paid to the time limitation of the entitlement to unemployment benefits, where the Author compares a current solution of Montenegrin and Croatian legislator in this field with the domestic legislation. At the same time, by the analysis of our Law on Employment and Unemployment Insurance, the Author attempts to highlight the problems in its implementation. The issues whether and under what conditions the entitlement to unemployment benefits may be achieved by a person whose employment is terminated by agreement at the initiative of the employer, and for refusing to conclude annex to the employment contract, are further problematized. The Author specifically deals with the issue of refunding unemployment benefits to the National Employment Service in the event that the court determines that the employment termination was unlawful and by confronting the arguments of the two models and the positions of the Supreme Court of Serbia the Authors attempts to give a potentially applicable answer and a legally-based solution
Serbia: Impact and Consequences of Demographic Challenges on Domestic Social Law and Social Security Systems
No full textThe author gives an overview of the Social Security System in Serbia, with a special focus on demographic
challenges, which have an impact on the proper functioning of the domestic social security system. In recent
decades, it has been noticeable that the average length of life in the Republic of Serbia has been increasing.
Thus, the legislators decided to adopt certain amendments and supplements to the regulations on social
insurance to ensure the sustainability of social insurance funds, especially the Republic Pension and Dis-
ability Fund. Therefore, the question arises as to whether changes in the law represent the only solution for the
sustainability of the social security system. For the stated reason, the author proposes certain de lege ferenda
proposals to ensure the further sustainability of the social security system of the Republic of Serbia. Moreover,
the paper will assess the compliance of domestic regulations with certain provisions of the Revised European
Social Charter, which our country ratified in 2009 and, thereby, assumed a whole series of obligations related
to the further development of the social security system
Cumulation of earnings and old-age pensions: Pro et contra
Full text linkAutor u radu sagledava osnovne karakteristike, ali i uzroke nastanka instituta kumulacije zarade i starosne penzije, te postavlja kao osnovno pitanje da li je navedena pojava opravdana u savremenom društvu, a imajući u vidu da brojni primeri iz pravne tradicije ukazuju da je u određenim periodima kumulacija bila i zakonom zabranjena. Analizirani su različiti faktori koji utiču na donošenje odluke pojedinca o ponovnom zasnivanju radnog odnosa, a po ostvarivanju prava na starosnu penziju, ali i posledice koje ovaj institut može imati na zapošljavanje mladih i narušavanje koncepta međugeneracijske solidarnosti. U radu je razmotren i institut prestanka radnog odnosa zaposlenog po ispunjavanju uslova za starosnu penziju, a dat je i kritički osvrt na modele u kojima se striktno zabranjuje institut kumulacije. Sagledavajući sve pozitivne i negativne aspekte instituta kumulacije zarade i starosne penzije, autor iznosi određene zaključke u cilju isticanja potencijalnih odgovarajućih rešenja koja bi se mogla primeniti na domaću savremenu legislativu.The author examines the basic characteristics, as well as the causes of the institute of cumulation of earnings and old-age pensions, and asks as a fundamental question whether this phenomenon is justified in a modern society, and having in mind that numerous examples from the legal tradition indicate that in certain periods the cumulation was also prohibited by law. Various factors have been analyzed that influence the decision of the individual to reestablish employment relationship, and to realize the right to old-age pension, but also the consequences that this institute can have on the employment of young people and the violation of the concept of intergenerational solidarity. The paper also discusses the termination of employment of an employee after fulfilling the conditions for old-age retirement, and contains a critical review of models in which the cumulation institute is strictly forbidden. By examining all the positive and negative aspects of the cumulation of earnings and old-age pensions, the author makes some conclusions in order to highlight potential appropriate solutions that could be applied to domestic modern legislation
Constitutionalization of the right to strike
Full text linkU iščekivanju novog zakona kojim bi se na detaljan način, a u skladu sa međunarodnim standardima i praksom, uredilo pravo zaposlenih na štrajk, autor u radu nastoji da sagleda pojedine bitne aspekte tog prava, kao osnovnog oblika kolektivne akcije zaposlenih. Stoga se u radu otvara pitanje konstitucionalizacije prava na štrajk u domaćem i uporednom pravu, a istovremeno se i problematizuje određivanje pojma štrajka ustavnim i zakonskim normama. Sa ciljem boljeg sagledavanja problema, a u vezi sa konstitucionalizacijom prava na štrajk, uz korišćenje uporednopravnog metoda istraživanja, posebna pažnja se posvećuje ustavnim garantijama prava na štrajk u uporednom pravu. Takođe, autor u radu nastoji i da teorijski odredi pojam štrajka, kao i da ukaže na bitne elemente štrajka koji se navode u pojedinim naučnim raspravama. Konačno, kritički osvrt je dat i na pitanje regulisanja navedenog prava na našim prostorima u periodu samoupravnog socijalizma, kada ovo pravo nije bilo regulisano ustavnim normama niti posebnim zakonom, te su analizirane i sličnosti i razlike između pojma štrajka i pojma obustave rada.In anticipation of a new law that would regulate in detail, and in accordance with international standards and practice, the right of employees to strike, the author tries to consider certain important aspects of that right, as the basic form of collective action of employees. Therefore, the paper raises the issue of constitutionalization of the right to strike in domestic and comparative law, and at the same time problematizes the definition of the concept of strike by constitutional and legal norms. In order to better understand the problem, and in connection with the constitutionalization of the right to strike, using the comparative law method of research, special attention is paid to the constitutional guarantees of the right to strike in comparative law. Also, the author tries to theoretically determine the concept of strike, as well as to point out the important elements of the strike that are stated in certain scientific discussions. Finally, a critical review was given to the issue of regulating this right in our area in the period of self-governing socialism, when this right was not regulated by constitutional norms or a special law, and the similarities and differences between the concept of strike and the concept of work stoppage were analyzed
Agreement on internship work vs agreement on professional training: The crisis of internships in modern society
No full textPredmet ovog rada je analiza instituta pripravništva u današnjim uslovima sa posebnim osvrtom na ugovor o pripravničkom radu. Autor pokušava da problematizije osnovne segmente ovog instituta i da ukaže na lošu praksu osposobljavanja lica za samostalan rad na osnovu ugovora o stručnom osposobljavanju. Ukazuje se na određene nedostatke u aktuelnim propisima i nudi se novi normativni okvir kojim bi se poboljšao položaj pripravnika u savremenom društvu. U ovkiru rada vrši se sveobuhvatna analiza propisa kojima se uređuju radni odnosi pripravnika, prvenstveno se analiziraju radni odnosi pripravnika u opštem režimu radnih odnosa, a zatim i radni odnosi pripravnika u državnim organima, pravosudnim organima i konačno, u posebnom delu rada analizira se polažaj advokatskih pripravnika. Posebna pažnja posvećena je ugovoru o stručnom osposobljavanju, vrsti ugovora kojima se ne zasniva radni odnos, a kojem poslodavci danas sve više pribegavaju. Autor se naročito bavi pitanjem zapošljavanja pripravnika i mogućnostima za zasnivanje radnog odnosa po okončanju pripravničkog staža i položenog stručnog ispita.The subject of this paper is to analyze the internships in today's conditions, with special reference to the agreement of internship work. The author tries to problematize the basic segments of this concept and to point out the bad practice of training people to work independently under an agreement of professional training. It points to certain deficiencies in the current regulations and provides a new regulatory framework to improve the situation of trainees in the modern society. The paper contains a comprehensive analysis of regulations governing labor relations of trainees, primarily to analyze labor relations of trainees in the general regime of labor relations and labor relations of trainees in governmental agencies, judicial authorities, and finally, a separate part of the paper analyzes the position of attorney trainees. Special attention is paid to the agreement on professional training, type of contract which is not a base for employment, and which employers are increasingly resorting to. The author is particularly concerned with the issue of employment of trainees and opportunities for employment upon completion of internship and passed professional state exam
Начело једнакости у области запошљавања у позитивном праву Републике Србије
No full textУ области рада и запошљавања је начело једнакости, тачније његово непоштовање које за последицу има дискриминаторно поступање, можда и највидљивије, јер свако, пре или касније, долази у додир са овом облашћу правног система. У радном праву се предметно начело развијало етапно, еволуирајући од једнакости у остваривању, коришћењу и заштити социјално-економских права, преко забране дискриминације при остваривању и заштити истих, да би, као сам врхунац једнакости, била прописана позитивна дискриминација, тј. афирмативне мере у корист оних лица која су због неког дефекта или својства у суштински неједнаком положају са осталим лицима, па је неопходно да им се давањем предности та једнакост обезбеди. Радни однос је специфичан, јер се самим чином закључења уговора о раду, његове две стране, послодавац и запослени, стављају у позицију да нису ни правно ни фактички једнаки, при чему је послодавац страна која је надмоћнија, а запослени страна која је правно субординирана. Са таквим односом снага, имајући на уму критеријум да само једнаке треба третирати једнако, а неједнаке неједнако, можемо говорити искључиво о једнакости међу радницима, са једне, и једнакости међу послодавцима, са друге стране
The application of collective agreement by the succeeding employer
No full textPredmet ovog rada je analiza prava zaposlenih kod promene poslodavca sa posebnim osvrtom na problem primene kolektivnog ugovora, zaključenog između poslodavca prethodnika i reprezentativnog sindikata. Zakonski propisi Republike Srbije, koji su usklađeni sa Direktivom Evropske unije 2001/23, predviđaju da je poslodavac sledbenik obavezan da primenjuje odredbe kolektivnog ugovora poslodavca prethodnika najmanje godinu dana od dana promene poslodavca. Navedena odredba biće detaljno analizirana, a kako bi se ukazalo i na eventualne nedostatke u praktičnoj primeni. Autor ukazuje i na probleme sa kojima se sindikati suočavaju u postupku kolektivnog pregovaranja na nivou poslodavca, usled čega odredbe Zakona koje uređuju primenu kolektivnog ugovora od strane poslodavca sledbenika neretko ostaju mrtvo slovo na hartiji. Autor u drugom delu rada pokušava da problematizije obavezu uplate doprinosa u doborovoljne penzijske fondove, koja se može predvideti kolektivnim ugovorom kod poslodavca. Domaći zakonodavac nije izvršio implementaciju odredbe Direktive kojom se uređuje navedena obaveza poslodavca, te se postavlja kao pitanje da li će poslodavac sledbenik biti u obavezi da nastavi sa uplatom doprinosa za dobrovoljno penzijsko osiguranje sve dok je kolektivni ugovor poslodavca prethodnika na snazi. Ukazuje se da navedeno pitanje mora dobiti odgovarajući normativni okvir u pozitivnim propisima Republike Srbije, budući da trenutno postoji pravna praznina.The subject of this paper is to analyze employees' rights when changing employers, with special emphasis on the problem of application of the collective agreement, entered between the predecessor employer and the representative trade union. The legislation of the Republic of Serbia, which are consistent with the Directive EU 2001/23 provide that the succeeding employer is obliged to apply the provisions of the collective agreement of the predecessor employer for at least one year from the date of changing the employer. That provision will be analyzed in detail in order to indicate any shortcomings in practice. The author points out the problems the unions are facing with in the collective negotiation process at the level of the employer, due to which the provisions of the Law governing the application of the collective agreement by the succeeding employer often remain on paper. In the second part of the paper, the author is trying to analyze the problem of the obligation to pay contributions to the voluntary pension funds, which can be contemplated by the collective agreement with the employer. National legislator has failed to implement the provisions of the Directive governing this obligation of the employer, thus raising a question as to whether the succeeding employer will be obliged to continue paying contributions for voluntary pension insurance until the predecessor employer's collective agreement is in force. It is indicated that this question has to receive an appropriate regulatory framework in the applicable laws of the Republic of Serbia, since there is currently a legal vacuum
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