892 research outputs found
Karl Heussi, der Nationalsozialismus und das Jahr 1933
No full textKarl Heussi is well known for his “Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte.” But how did he experience the Nazi regime, and what did this experience mean for his thoughts on church history? In comparing Heussi's lecture in 1933 on the 450th birthday of Martin Luther with his theoretical reflections upon writing history, the author describes Heussi's expectations as well as his fears concerning the Nazi regime
Karl Polanyi’s the great transformation: Perverse effects, protectionism and gemeinschaft
No full textDrawing upon Karl Polanyi’s journalistic writings and unpublished lectures from the 1920s and 1930s, this article reconstructs the lineaments of his research programme that was to assume its finished form in The Great Transformation. It identifies and corrects a common misinterpretation of the thesis of that book, and argues that Polanyi’s basic theoretical framework is best conceived as Tönniesian: the ‘protective counter-movement’ of The Great Transformation is Gemeinschaft, understood dynamically, while the market society is Gesellschaft. It examines the two central mechanisms by which, in Polanyi’s understanding, Gesellschaft broke down in the mid-twentieth century: the ‘clash between democracy and capitalism,’ and a doctrine of ‘perverse effects’ whereby political intervention in markets impairs profitability and saps the vitality of the market system
Karl Philipp Moritz\'s essays: language, arts, philosophy (selection, introduction, translation and notes)
No full textApós mais de duzentos anos, o interesse pela obra de Karl Philipp Moritz (15 de setembro de 1756 26 de junho de 1793) só tem aumentado. Diferentes autores como Herman Hesse e Walter Benjamin, e, mais recentemente, Hans Joachin Schrimpf, Tzvetan Todorov, Peter Szondi, Arno Schmidt e Peter Handke têm escrito ressaltando a importância e a fecundidade desse autor. Moritz pode ser considerado um dos autores inaugurais do romantismo alemão. Este mestrado em filosofia, área de estética, pretende, por meio de seleção, tradução e introdução dos textos de Karl Philipp Moritz, contribuir para a valorização dessa importante obra em nossa cultura. Os textos selecionados são de teoria da linguagem, estética e filosofia.After over two hundred years, the concern for the works of Karl Philipp Moritz (September 15th 1756 June 26th 1793) has increased steadily. Different authors such as Herman Hesse and Walter Benjamin and more recently Hans Joachin Schrimpf, Tzvetan Todorov, Peter Szondi, Arno Schmidt and Peter Handke have written on the relevance and fecundity of this author. Moritz can be said to be one of the inaugural authors of German Romanticism. This Masters in Philosophy, in the Aesthetics field, intends, by means of selection, translation and introduction of Karl Philipp Moritz texts, to contribute to the appreciation of this important work in our culture. The selected texts belong to the fields of Language Theory, Aesthetics and Philosophy
Existential topics in the prose of Karl Brand
No full textThis bachelor's thesis is about a German writing author from Prague, Karl Brand and his work. In the first part of this thesis the author is introduced in the context of his life and his life feeling, which appears in his works. The second part is focused on the interpretation of selected prosaic texts: Der Gute Mensch, Die Rückverwandlung des Gregor Samsa, Der Elende, Der Tod des Michael Peter Gazin, Novelle im Traum, Lou and Krankenhaus- Atmosphäre. A short introduction of the content of these texts is followed by their interpretation. The objective of this thesis is to interpret existential topics in Karl Brand's prose works, due to the critical state of health of the author, the focus is mainly on the death- motive. The death-motive appears in various forms in all selected prose works. Besides the death are Brand's heroes often confronted with illness or solitude. The benefit of this bachelor's thesis is both a clear biography of a less known Prague German author and the interpretation of existential topics in his work, which can be present for the reader even in the 21st century. Keywords Karl Brand, Prague German literature, existential topics, death-topi
Musikstädte as real and imaginary soundscapes: urban musical images as literary motifs in twentieth-century German modernism
No full textPhDThis study examines German literary images of musical life as part of the wider sound identity of the modern German city at the turn of the twentieth century. Focussing on a forty-year period from 1890 to 1930, synonymous with the emergence of the modern German metropolis as an aesthetic object, the project assesses, compares and contrasts how musical life in the Musikstädte was perceived and portrayed by writers in an increasingly noisy urban environment. How does urban musical life influence and condition city writings? What are the differences and similarities between the writings on various musical cities? Can an urban textual sound identity be derived from these differences and similarities? The approach employed to answer these questions is a new, cross-disciplinary one to urban sound in literature, moving beyond reading the key sounds of the urban soundscape using urban musicology, sensorial anthropology and cultural poetics towards a literary contextualisation of the urban aural experience.
The literary motifs of the symphony, the gramophone and urban noise are put under the spotlight through the analysis of a wide range of modernist works by authors who have a special relationship with music. At the centre of this analysis are the Kaffeehausliteratur authors Hermann Bahr, Alfred Polgar and Peter Altenberg, the then Munich-based author Thomas Mann and the lesser known René Schickele. The analysis of these particular works is framed in the music-geographical context of the Musikstadt and literary underpinnings of this topos, ranging from Ingeborg Bachmann to Hans Mayer and, once again, Thomas Mann. In analysing these texts, the methodological approach devised by Strohm, who identifies the blending of a range of urban sounds as a definition of urban space and identity, is applied. His ideas combine historical literary
analysis, musical history and urban sociology. They are rarely used in the analysis of the auditory environment.Arts and Humanities Research Council
Westfield TrustWestfield Trust Studentship
Arts and Humanities Reseach Council (AHRC
Exploratory Tau PET/CT with [11C]PBB3 in Patients with Suspected Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: A Pilot Study on Correlation with PET Imaging and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers
No full textAccurately diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is challenging due to overlapping symptoms and limitations of current imaging methods. This study investigates the use of [11C]PBB3 PET/CT imaging to visualize tau pathology and improve diagnostic accuracy. Given diagnostic challenges with symptoms and conventional imaging, [11C]PBB3 PET/CT’s potential to enhance accuracy was investigated by correlating tau pathology with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), amyloid-beta, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We conducted [11C]PBB3 PET/CT imaging on 24 patients with suspected AD or FTLD, alongside [11C]PiB PET/CT (13 patients) and [18F]FDG PET/CT (15 patients). Visual and quantitative assessments of [11C]PBB3 uptake using standardized uptake value ratios (SUV-Rs) and correlation analyses with clinical assessments were performed. The scans revealed distinct tau accumulation patterns; 13 patients had no or faint uptake (PBB3-negative) and 11 had moderate to pronounced uptake (PBB3-positive). Significant inverse correlations were found between [11C]PBB3 SUV-Rs and MMSE scores, but not with CSF-tau or CSF-amyloid-beta levels. Here, we show that [11C]PBB3 PET/CT imaging can reveal distinct tau accumulation patterns and correlate these with cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. Our study demonstrates the potential of [11C]PBB3-PET imaging for visualizing tau pathology and assessing disease severity, offering a promising tool for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in AD and FTLD. Further research is essential to validate these findings and refine the use of tau-specific PET imaging in clinical practice, ultimately improving patient care and treatment outcomes
Tagging of Biomedical Articles on CiteULike: A Comparison of User, Author and Professional Indexing
No full textThis paper examines the context of online indexing from the viewpoint of three different groups: users, authors, and professional indexers. User tags, author keywords and descriptors were collected from academic journal articles, which were both indexed in Pubmed and tagged on CiteULike, and analysed. Descriptive statistics, informetric measures, and thesaural term comparison shows that there are important differences in the use of keywords between the three groups in addition to similarities which can be used to enhance support for search and browse. While tags and author keywords were found that matched descriptors exactly, other terms which did not match but provided important expansion to the indexing lexicon were found. These additional terms could be used to enhance support for searching and browsing in article databases as well as to provide invaluable data for entry vocabulary and emergent terminology for regular updates to indexing systems. Additionally, the study suggests that tags support organisation by association to task, projects and subject while making important connections to traditional systems which classify into subject categories
Diagnostic accuracy of [(18)F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer
No full textAIM: Despite increasing use for the detection of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (rPC), the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with [(18)F]PSMA-1007 remains only partially investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for PC-local recurrence and metastases on a per region basis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred seventy-seven consecutive patients undergoing [(18)F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT for rPC were retrospectively analysed. Six body regions were defined: prostate fossa, pelvic lymph nodes (LN), retroperitoneal LN, supradiaphragmatic LN, bones, and soft tissue. A region was counted positive if at least one PSMA-positive lesion suspicious for PC was observed. Confirmation of a true-positive PSMA-avid lesion was defined as positive by histopathology, fall in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (> 50%) after targeted therapy or confirmatory further CT, MRI, PET/CT, or bone scan imaging. Regions where additional imaging was able to confirm the absence of suspicious PC lesions or regions outside exclusively targeted RT with serum PSA decline (> 50%) were counted as true-negative regions. SE, SP, PPV, and NPV were calculated for all six regions. RESULTS: The overall PET-positivity rate was 91%. Conclusive follow-up for affirmation or refutation of a PSMA-positive lesion was available for 81/152 patients on a per region basis. In this subgroup, overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 95% (CI: 0.90–0.98), 89% (CI: 0.83–0.93), 86% (0.80–0.90), and 96% (CI: 0.92–0.98), respectively. On a per region basis, PPV was 97% (CI: 0.83–0.99) for local recurrence, 93% (CI: 0.78–0.98) for pelvic LN, 87% (CI: 0.62–0.96) for retroperitoneal LN, 82% (CI: 0.52–0.95) for supradiaphragmatic LN, and 79% (0.65–0.89) for bone lesions. The number of solid organ metastases (n = 6) was too small for an accurate statistical analysis. CONCLUSION: The known high PET-positivity rate of [(18)F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT in rPC was confirmed, with corresponding high (> 90%) sensitivity and NPV on a per region basis. However, overall PPV was limited (86%), particularly for bone lesions (79%), which are a potential diagnostic weaknesses when using this tracer. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00259-022-05693-0
On property and ownership relations : a return to the social theory of Karl Marx
No full textThis book comprises a systematic analysis of Karl Marx’s reasoning on ownership. Marx as the author of an original theory of ownership is yet to be discovered. The creator of a theory which was to interpret social reality is quite a different thinker from the creator of a doctrine which was to alter the world. In designing communist society, Marx ignored the threats which social property bears, despite having skillfully identified them in investigations of diverse pre-capitalistic forms of common ownership. The author seeks to break through one-sided interpretations which discern in Marx a decisive critique of private property and an apologia of common ownership. It becomes apparent that Marx treated both the processes of socialization and privatization of ownership with equal consideration
Will Social Security and Medicare Remain Viable as the U.S. Population is Aging? An Update
No full textYes, subject to concerns about Medicare inefficiencies and potentially self-confirming skepticism. The U.S. social security system-broadly defined to include Medicare-faces significant financial problems as the result of an aging population. But demographic change is also likely to raise savings, increase wages, and reduce interest rates, and up to a point, a growing GDP-share of medical spending is an efficient response to an aging population. Thus viability is more a political economy than an economic feasibility issue. To examine the political viability of social security, I focus on intertemporal cost-benefit tradeoffs in a median voter setting. For a variety of assumptions and policy alternatives, I find that social security should retain majority support.
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