1,721,518 research outputs found
Personalized health care: the hope beyond the hype
Full text linkPersonalised healthcare can be defined as a customisation of the medical provision that accommodates
individual differences in all stages in the process, from prevention, to diagnosis and treatment, to
post-treatment follow-up. While the term personalized medicine has a broader meaning, and it comes
from the explosion of information arising from genome sequencing, the term personalised healthcare
refers more to the potential for customization in the provision of healthcare to the citizen
Why is personalized medicine relevant to public health?
No full textAdvances in genomics promise a new era of personalized medicine in health care. A major promise of the ‘omics’ research is that of delivering new information that can transform health care through earlier diagnosis, more effective prevention programs and a higher precision in the treatment of disease. Almost 10 years after the definition of the term public health genomics (PHG) as ‘the responsible and effective translation of genome-based knowledge and technologies into public policy and health services for the benefit of population health’, we are still facing the dilemma of how to implement genomics medicine into public health practice
Credibility of observational studies: why public health researchers should care?
No full textCredibility of observational studie
Electronic cigarettes: scarce data and divergent legislations. The need for evidence-based health policies and research funding
No full textElectronic cigarettes: scarce data and divergent legislations. The need for evidence-based health policies and research fundin
Genetic prediction of common complex disorders assessed by next generation sequencing and genome wide analysis
No full textInsight into the biological make-up of complex disorders can improve their diagnosis, lead to the discovery of new targets for therapy, increase awareness of genome-environment interactions in health and disease, and open the door to predictive medicine. More than 1 600 genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been published, and have identified hundreds of polymorphisms associated with more than 250 common diseases or traits. However, for most of the genomic variants identified so far only inconclusive associations with complex diseases have been reported and for
many of them their predictive value reaches the same level as the traditional risk. The limited
value of these results is probably due to regulatory elements in 2-3% of the encoding genome, whose function has only recently been partially decrypted. Nevertheless, genomic sequencing is an attractive tool for personalized medicine. During the last few years several commercial ventures have begun marketing GWASs directly to consumers for medical, genealogic, and even recreational
purposes. Although these tests show promise for the future, consumers should be aware of the unreliability of most of their results at the present time. The development of methods integrating clinical and genetic data together with a better understanding of the heritability of complex diseases will be necessary in the endeavour to progress towards a personalized medicine. In order to achieve maximum benefits from GWASs while keeping the disadvantages to a minimum, guidelines will be necessary to manage the technical advances and to meet the challenges involved in the clinical application of whole genomic sequencing
Personalized PREvention of Chronic DIseases (PRECeDI): a Marie Curie RISE project
No full textThe Personalized pREvention of Chronic DIseases consortium (PRECeDI) has been funded within the Horizon2020 Marie Curie RISE call, and it aims to provide high-quality, multidisciplinary knowledge through training and research in Personalized Medicine (PM), with specific reference to prevention of chronic diseases. There is a large consensus that PM is a driver of innovation for research and health care, and also for the health care system and industry as a whole. In order to harness the potential of this new concept, the PRECeDI consortium provides a cohesive framework for training staff from academic and non-academic (NA) institutions on research topics related to PM, with specific reference to the prevention of chronic diseases where there is a lack of substantial evidence, though the potential is huge. The acquisition of skills from staff will come from dedicated secondments aimed at training on research topics not available at the home institutions, and attendance to courses, workshops, seminars, conferences. The goal of secondment is to enable staff to make informed decisions for appropriately serve health care systems, new biotech industries and policy makers at the dawn of the post-genomic era. PRECeDI is a multidisciplinary group of institutions working on different facets of PM, from basic research, to economic evaluations, health service organization, and ethical, social, and policy issues
A genome-wide association studi of upper aerodigestive trac t Cancers conducete within the Inhance consortium
No full textA genome-wide association studi of upper aerodigestive trac t Cancers conducete within the Inhance consortiu
Personalized prevention in oncology: integrating the current approaches for the benefit of population health
Full text linkN/
A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification as primary prevention intervention for diabetes mellitus type 2
No full textBackground: diabetes is one of the leading causes of death, and has a huge economic impact on the burden of society. Lifestyle interventions such as diet, physical activity and weight reducing are proven to be effective in the prevention of diabetes. To encourage policy actions, data on the costeffectiveness of such strategies of prevention programmes are needed. Methods: a systematic review of the literature on the cost-effectiveness of prevention strategies focusing on lifestyle interventions for diabetes type 2 patients. A weighted version of Drummond checklist was used to further assess the quality of the included studies. Results: six studies met the inclusion criteria and were therefore considered in this paper. Intensive lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes type 2 is cost-effective in comparison to other interventions. All studies were judged of medium-to-high quality. ConclusionS: policy makers should consider the adoption of a prevention strategy focusing on intensive lifestyle changes because they are proven to be either cost-saving or cost-effective
A Systematic Review of Key Issues in Public Health
No full textThis wide-ranging study reviews the state of public health worldwide and presents informed recommendations for real-world solutions. Identifying the most urgent challenges in the field, from better understanding the causes of acute diseases and chronic conditions to reducing health inequities, it reports on cost-effective, science-based, ethically sound interventions. Chapters demonstrate bedrock skills essential to developing best practices, including flexible thinking for entrenched problems, conducting health impact assessments, and working with decision-makers. From these current findings come long-term practice and policy goals for preventing disease, promoting health, and improving quality of life, both locally and globally. A sampling of the topics covered:. Health trends of communicable diseases. Epidemiology of cancer and principles of prevention. Respiratory diseases and health disorders related to indoor and outdoor air pollution. Public health gerontology and active aging. Migrant and ethnic minority health. Public health genomics. "A Systematic Review of Key Issues in Public Health "offers graduate students in the discipline a firm grasp on the field as it presently stands, and a clear set of directions for its potential future."
- …
