323,457 research outputs found
Estimation of dissociation degree of congruently melting compounds through osmotic coefficient of BJERRUM-GUGGENHEIM
No full textA procedure was developed to calculate the position of lines of monovariant phase equilibria for crystallization areas of congruently melting compounds through the dissociation degree of a chemical compound.The relevant mathematical apparatus was recommended to describe analyticallythe lines and surfaces of crystallization phases using the Bjerrum-Guggenheim coefficient. The iron-silicon phase diagram demonstrated that the osmotic coefficient of Bjerrum-Guggenheim (its linear dependence) can be as an assessment criterion of the composition of melts
Assessment of dissociation rate of FeCr2O4 using the Bjerrum-Guggenheim coefficient
No full textA calculation procedure of line positions of the monovariant phase equilibrium for the crystallization regions of a congruent compound using the osmotic coefficient of Bjerrum-Guggenheim (ɸ’ Am Bn) was developed. The relevant mathematical apparatus for an analytical description of lines and surfaces of the phase crystallization was recommended. As an example of FeO-Cr2O3 oxide system, the assessment of dissociation rate of congruent compound of FeCr2O4 was performed. The demonstration material of behavior of the osmotic coefficient of Bjerrum-Guggenheim under boundary conditions as assessment criterion of melt structurewas presented
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Characterization of drug-protein binding process by employing equilibrium sampling through hollow-fiber supported liquid membrane and Bjerrum and Scatchard plots.
No full textThe technique equilibrium sampling through membrane (ESTM) was extended to measuring the free drug concentration in solutions of drug and protein. Bjerrum and Scatchard plots were employed for characterizing individual drug binding to pure human blood proteins. Four drugs were investigated as a model system: fluvoxamine and ropivacaine which dominantly bind to alpha-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and R,S-ibuprofen and S-ketoprofen which highly bind to human serum albumin (HSA). The level of drug binding to AGP and HSA relied on drug and protein concentrations. Bjerrum and Scatchard plots revealed high affinity constants (K(a)) at low protein concentration. Both Bjerrum and Scatchard plots of fluvoxamine and ropivacaine binding to AGP showed one specific binding site (n(1)=1) with ropivacaine K(a) value close to 5 times higher than the K(a) of fluvoxamine at 22.9muM AGP concentration. Bjerrum plots of ketoprofen and ibuprofen gave total number of binding sites or bound molecules of 6-7, which did not depend on the drug or protein concentration. Scatchard plots of ketoprofen and ibuprofen exhibited two binding sites (n(1) and n(2)) at 0.15muM and 0.75muM HSA concentrations. On one hand, at 0.15muM HSA, ketoprofen and ibuprofen were bound to site I at n(1)=1.2 and n(1)=1.0, respectively. However, at 0.75muM HSA, ketoprofen and ibuprofen were bound to site I at n(1)=1.2 and n(1)=1.9, respectively. On the other hand, site II, at 0.15muM HSA, interacted with ketoprofen and ibuprofen at n(2)=5.6 and 6.7, respectively. However, at 0.75muM HSA, site II interacted with ketoprofen at n(2)=7.4 and ibuprofen at n(2)=6.2. It would be concluded that, upon mixing ketoprofen and ibuprofen in a HSA solution, a ketoprofen-ibuprofen interaction would most likely occur at site II in HSA
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author's address:
No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
Mathematical method of phase equilibrium of binary system Cr-Si based on Bjerrum Guggenheim concept
No full textThe procedure to study the phase equilibrium lines “solid - liquid” was developed for the binary systems with using a coefficient of Bjerrum Guggenheim. The universality of this procedure to solve a mathematical problem of phase diagrams and its efficiency to find the behavioristic characteristics of a solvent and the dissolved components in the equilibrium phases were demonstrated. Two types of the generalized mathematical expression as the modified Le Chatelier-Shreder equation were proposed to describe analytically the liquidus and solidus lines of phase diagrams of the whole class of systems
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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