1,720,954 research outputs found
Estimates of the reproduction ratio from epidemic surveillance may be biased in spatially structured populations
Full text linkAn accurate and timely estimate of the reproduction ratio R of an infectious
disease epidemic is crucial to make projections on its evolution and set up the
appropriate public health response. Estimates of R routinely come from
statistical inference on timelines of cases or their proxies like symptomatic
cases, hospitalizatons, deaths. Here, however, we prove that these estimates of
R may not be accurate if the population is made up of spatially distinct
communities, as the interplay between space and mobility may hide the true
epidemic evolution from surveillance data. This means that surveillance may
underestimate R over long periods, to the point of mistaking a growing epidemic
for a subsiding one, misinforming public health response. To overcome this, we
propose a correction to be applied to surveillance data that removes this bias
and ensures an accurate estimate of R across all epidemic phases. We use
COVID-19 as case study; our results, however, apply to any epidemic where
mobility is a driver of circulation, including major challenges of the next
decades: respiratory infections (influenza, SARS-CoV-2, emerging pathogens),
vector-borne diseases (arboviruses). Our findings will help set up public
health response to these threats, by improving epidemic monitoring and
surveillance.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, plus Supplementary Informatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nuove tecnologie per la dinamica pedonale a Venezia: collaudo dei sensori e fundamental diagrams
Full text linkL'elaborato che si discuterà rappresenta un contributo a un ambizioso progetto avviato nei primi mesi dell'anno in corso. Obiettivo del progetto è lo sviluppo di un modello simulativo per i traffici pedonali nella città di Venezia, capace anche di fornire previsioni riguardo l'andamento dei flussi pedonali e l'eventuale formazione di congestioni. La diffusione del virus COVID-19 e l'emanazione da parte dello stato italiano di leggi volte alla tutela di una distanza interpersonale di sicurezza accrescono l'importanza e l'urgenza del progetto nel suo complesso. Esso rappresenterà, una volta ultimato, anche uno strumento di controllo e stima delle condizioni di distanza reciproca previste dalla legge.
Lo scopo dell'elaborato presente è, più nello specifico, quello di fornire le basi per lo sviluppo del progetto. Nel corso di questo documento si descriveranno anzitutto l'apparato strumentale a disposizione e i dati che da esso si ricavano. Si verificherà la disponibilità di tali dati nei periodi successivi all'installazione della strumentazione. Si testerà poi il corretto funzionamento degli strumenti per mezzo di alcune analisi di collaudo. Per ultimo, si forniranno un'analisi storica dei dati e uno studio delle relazioni esistenti tra alcune delle grandezze che descrivono un insieme di pedoni
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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