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Conference report – The influence of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on agricultural activity, food and energy security, and environmental degradation
No full textThe aim of the international online conference in the hybrid form “The influence of the Russian inva-sion of Ukraine on agricultural activity, food and energy security and environmental degradation” was, firstly, to indicate the impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on agricultural activity, food security, en-ergy security and environmental degradation, including economic issues; secondly, the assessment of how the legal regulations on the abovementioned issues respond to the problems and challenges re-lated to the war in Ukraine in the national, European and global aspects.
29 speakers took part in the conference, representing 25 academic centres, and government and non-government organizations from 8 countries. The issues raised in the presentations during the con-ference were part of the global debate on food security and energy security in the EU and in the whole world in the context of the war in Ukraine.
Speakers discussed proposals to improve food security and energy independence (including the use of renewable energy sources) in Ukraine, Poland and the EU in the current context. The presentations also included legal and economic analyses of the impact of military operations on the environment in Ukraine, including soils
Організаційні аспекти фінансового забезпечення агропромислового комплексу: досвід розвинених країн
Get PDFThe research aims to study the organizational aspects of financial support for the agro-industry of developed countries and to determine the possibilities of their implementation in Ukraine. The article analyzes the experience of state and credit financing of the agro-industry of developed countries (using the example of the United States of America, countries of the European Union, Canada and Japan); their positive features and possibilities of implementation of this experience for Ukraine are highlighted. Studying the experience of financial support of the agro-industry of developed countries, we can conclude that they have developed specific systems for servicing agricultural production. This is caused, first of all, by the peculiarities of this sphere of economy, namely the need to eliminate the phenomenon of economic crises that arise for various reasons: cyclical economic development or socio-economic instability. State support of the foreign agro-industry in multiple countries has positive consequences. However, it is impossible to apply a separate instrument of state support in Ukraine based on foreign experience for various reasons. Firstly, in the EU and other developed countries, the agricultural sector is characterized by the overproduction of farm products. On the other hand, in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase the production of domestic farm products. Secondly, before deciding to increase state support for the agro-industry, it is essential to take into account the level of the budget deficit, for which Ukraine is unlikely to be able to take specific measures compared to other countries. In addition, it is worth taking into account the significant losses of the agro-industrial complex as a result of military operations on the territory of Ukraine and the redistribution of the state budget to minimize these consequences. Without available budget funds, it is impossible to ensure the proper level of development of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy.Мета – дослідження організаційних аспектів фінансового забезпечення агропромислового комплексу розвинених країн та визначення можливостей їх імплементації в Україні. В статті проаналізовано досвід державного та кредитного фінансування агропромислового комплексу розвинених країн (на прикладі Сполучених Штатів Америки, країн Європейського Союзу, Канади та Японії); виділено їх позитивні риси та можливості імплементації цього досвіду для України. Вивчаючи досвід фінансового забезпечення агропромислового комплексу розвинених країн, можна зробити висновок, що в них склалися специфічні системи обслуговування сільськогосподарського виробництва. Це зумовлено, перш за все, особливостями даної сфери економіки, а саме необхідністю усунення явища економічних криз, які виникають з різних причин: циклічність економічного розвитку чи соціально-економічна нестабільність. Державна підтримка іноземного агропромислового комплексу в різних країнах має свої позитивні наслідки. Проте, з різних причин застосувати окремий інструмент державної підтримки в Україні на основі зарубіжного досвіду неможливо. По-перше, в країнах ЄС та інших розвинутих країнах світу аграрний сектор характеризується перевиробництвом сільськогосподарської продукції. З іншого боку, в Україні необхідно нарощувати виробництво вітчизняної сільськогосподарської продукції. По-друге, перш ніж прийняти рішення про посилення державної підтримки агропромислового комплексу, необхідно взяти до уваги рівень дефіциту бюджету, за якого Україна навряд чи зможе вжити певних заходів порівняно з іншими країнами. Окрім цього, варто брати до уваги значні втрати агропромислового комплексу внаслідок воєнних дій на території України та перерозподіл державного бюджету на мінімізацію цих наслідків. Без наявних бюджетних коштів забезпечити належний рівень розвитку аграрного сектора економіки України нереально
Agrarian structure in Poland and Ukraine (history, present state and future)
No full textLa structure agraire actuelle de la Pologne et de l'Ukraine est très différente. La première est dominée par des exploitations agricoles gérées par des particuliers, ayant généralement le statut d'exploitation familiale. Il existe peu de sociétés holding agricoles et environ 600 coopératives agricoles. Les exploitations familiales constituent la base du système agricole et le législateur a soutenu et continuera de soutenir ces entités à l'avenir. L'exploitation moyenne en Pologne est d'environ 12 ha. En Ukraine, par contre, plus de 60 % des terres agricoles d'une superficie comprise entre 200 et 2 000 ha sont louées. Les exploitations agricoles revêtent une grande importance. Compte tenu de son statut de candidat à l'adhésion à l'Union européenne, l'Ukraine devrait procéder à une réforme pour renforcer la position des agriculteurs ukrainiens.
Die derzeitige Agrarstruktur Polens und der Ukraine ist recht unterschiedlich. In Polen dominieren landwirtschaftliche Betriebe, die von Einzelpersonen geführt werden und im Allgemeinen den Status eines Familienbetriebs haben. Es gibt nur wenige landwirtschaftliche Holdinggesellschaften und etwa 600 landwirtschaftliche Genossenschaften. Die landwirtschaftlichen Familienbetriebe sind die Grundlage des landwirtschaftlichen Systems, und der Gesetzgeber hat solche Einheiten unterstützt und wird sie auch in Zukunft unterstützen. Der durchschnittliche landwirtschaftliche Betrieb in Polen ist etwa 12 ha groß. In der Ukraine hingegen sind mehr als 60 % der landwirtschaftlichen Flächen mit einer Größe zwischen 200 und 2.000 ha gepachtet. Der landwirtschaftliche Besitz ist von großer Bedeutung. Im Hinblick auf ihren Status als Beitrittskandidat zur Europäischen Union sollte die Ukraine eine Reform durchführen, um die Position der ukrainischen Landwirte zu stärken
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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